TESTBANK x
INTRODUCTORYxMATERNITYx&xPEDIATRICxNURSING
NANCYxHATFIELDx&xCYNTHIAxKINCHELOE
5th Edition
x
TESTBANK x
,Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal–Child Health Care Environment
Hatfield: Introductory Maternity and Pediatric Nursing, 5th Edition
1. Thexopeningxupxofxhospitalxvisitingxpoliciesxforxchildrenxandxfamiliesxlik
elyx resultedfromxthex workx ofxwhichx individual?
A. Josephx Brennaman
B. JohnxBowlby
C. Marshalx Klaus
D. JohnxKennell
x Answer:xB
Rationale:x Inx 1951,x Johnx Bowlbyx receivedx worldwidex attentionx withx his
studyx thatx revealedx thex negativex resultsx ofx thex separationx ofx childx andx motherx becausex ofxhospita
lization.xHisx workx ledxtoaxre-
evaluationxandxliberalizationx ofxhospitalx visitingxpoliciesxforxchildren.xJosephxBrennamanx suggested
x thatxax lackx ofx stimulationx forx infantsx contributedx tox highxinfantx mortalityx ratesx atx thex time.x Inx the
x 1970sx andx 1980s,x physiciansx Marshallx Klausx andx JohnxKennellx carriedx outx importantstudiesx onx
thex effectx ofx thex separationx ofx newbornsx andx parents.xTheyx establishedx thatx earlyx separationx ma
yx havexlong-
termx effectsx onx familyx relationshipsx andxthatx offeringx thex newx familyx anx opportunityx tox bextogeth
erx atx birthx andx forx ax significantx periodxafterx birthx mayx providex benefitsthatx lastx wellx intox earlyx c
hildhood.
Questionx format:x Multiplex Choice
Chapterx1:xThexNurse'sxRolexinx axChangingx Maternal-
Childx Healthx CarexEnvironmentx CognitivexLevel:xRemember
ClientxNeeds:xHealthxPromotionxandxMaintenancexIntegrate
dxProcess:xNursingxProcess
Reference:x p.x 4
2. Anxexpectantx motherx statesxthatx shexreadxthatx morexblackx mothersxdiex inxchildbirthxthanxdoxw
hitex mothers.x Whenx respondingx tox herx questionsx aboutx thex reasonsx forx this,x thex nursexaccurat
elyx statesx thatx whichx isx thex majorx reasonx forx thex highx maternalx mortalityx rate?
A. Havingx formalx education.
B. Beingx unmarried.
C. Income.
D. Lackx ofxprenatalx care.
Answer:x D
Rationale:x Researchx showsxthatx maternalx mortalityxratexisxdirectlyxrelatedxtoxlackxofxprenatalx carexse
condaryx tox lackx ofx accessx tox servicesx orx insurance.x Incomex asx wellx asx educationalx levelx mayxpla
yx ax rolex inx thex availabilityx ofx healthx care,x butx theyx arex notx directlyx responsible.x Beingxunmarriedx
hasxnoxbearingxonxinfantxmortality.
Questionx format:x Multiplex Choice
Chapterx1:xThexNurse'sxRolexinx axChangingx Maternal-
Childx Healthx CarexEnvironmentx CognitivexLevel:xUnderstand
,ClientxNeeds:xHealthxPromotionxandxMaintenancexIntegrate
dxProcess:xNursingxProcess
Reference:x p.x 9
3. Whichx statementx correctlyx definesx thex termx "infantx deathx rate"?
A. numberx ofx deathsx inx uterox ofx fetusesx500x gxorx morex perx 1,000x livexbirths
B. numberx ofx deathsx occurringx inx thex firstx 28x daysx ofx lifex perx 1,000x livexbirths
C. numberx ofx deathsx occurringx atx birthx orxinxthex firstx 12x monthsx ofx lifex perx1,000x livex births
D. deathxofxaxlive-bornx childx beforexhisx orx herx firstxbirthday.
Answer:x D
Rationale:x Thex termx infantx deathx refersx tox thex deathx ofx ax live-
bornx childx beforex hex orx shexreachesx agex 1x year.x Itx alsox includesx neonatalx mortalityx rate.x Neonata
lx mortalityx ratex isx thexnumberx ofxinfantx deathsx duringx thex firstx 28x daysx ofx lifex forx everyx 1,000x liv
ex births.x Infantxmortalityxratexisxthexnumberx ofxdeathsxduringxthex firstx12xmonthsxofxlifexperx1,000xliv
exbirths.x Questionxformat:xMultiplexChoice
Chapterx1:xThexNurse'sxRolexinx axChangingx Maternal-
Childx Healthx CarexEnvironmentx CognitivexLevel:xRemember
ClientxNeeds:xHealthxPromotionxandxMaintenancexIntegrate
dxProcess:xNursingxProcess
Reference:x p.x 9
4. Thexnursingxinstructorxisxpreparingxtoxteachxaxgroupxofxstudentsxaboutxthexhistoryxofxmaternityxcare
.x Whatx majorx developmentx willx thex instructorx emphasizex asx greatlyx influencingx thex practicexofx m
aternityx carex inx thex Unitedx Statesx overx thex pastx century?
A. technologicx advancesx andx thex usex ofx forcepsx byx primaryx carex providers
B. developmentx ofxanesthesiax andx acceptancex ofx thex germx theory
C. adventx ofx birthingx centersx andx thex developmentx ofx family-centeredx care
D. developmentxofxpediatricx specialtyxandx replacementx ofx midwivesx asx primaryx birthxattendantsxA
nswer:xB
Rationale:x Thex emphasisx shouldx bexplacedx onx anesthesiax andx thex germx theory.xThex developmentxof
xanesthesiaxallowedx womenx ax choicexforx painxmanagementx inxbirth;x thexgermxtheoryx advancedxthex p
rogressx ofx generalx healthx carex andx decreasedx infectionsx inx laboringx women.x Pediatricsx asxaxspecial
tyx isx anx importantx stepx forwardx butx isx notx thex greatestx development,x andx midwivesx arexstillx inx pr
actice.x Maternityx carex continuesx tox evolve,x andx birthingx centersx arexstillx underxdevelopment.x For
cepsx arex notx consideredx anx advancex inx maternityx care.
Questionx format:x Multiplex Choice
Chapterx1:xThexNurse'sxRolexinx axChangingx Maternal-
Childx Healthx CarexEnvironmentx CognitivexLevel:xAnalyze
Clientx Needs:x Healthx Promotionx andx Maintenance
, IntegratedxProcess:xTeaching/Learningx
Reference:xp.x3
5. Whenxpreparingxaxclientxforxsurgery,xthexnursexexplainsxthatxthexusexofxanxantisepticxduri
ngxthexsurgeryxhasxgreatlyximprovedxclientxsurvivalxratesxandxwasxstartedxbyxwhichxphysicia
n?
A. Louisx Pasteur
B. Ignazx Philipx Semmelweis
C. Josephx Lister
D. AlexanderxGordon
x Answer:xC
Rationale:x Josephx Listerx wasx ax Britishx surgeonx whox embracedx Louisx Pasteur'sx theoryx ofxmicr
oorganismsx asxthex causex ofx infection.x Listerx usedx carbolicx acidx asx anx antisepticx duringxsurgery
xandx improvedx thex survivalx ratesxofx hisxpatients.x Alexanderx Gordonx proposedxthextheoryxofx infec
tion.x Oliverx Wendellx Holmesx andx Ignazx Philipx Semmelweisx confirmedx hisx theory.
Questionx format:x Multiplex Choice
Chapterx1:xThexNurse'sxRolexinx axChangingx Maternal-
Childx Healthx CarexEnvironmentx CognitivexLevel:xApply
Clientx Needs:x Safe,xEffectivexCarexEnvironment:xSafetyxandxInfectionxControlxIntegratedxProcess
:xNursingxProcess
Reference:x p.x 4
6. Ax youngx couplex arex veryx excitedx tox learnx theyx arex expectingx theirx firstx childx andx questionxt
hexnursexaboutx whichxtestxtheyxneedxtoxdiscoverxitsxgender.xWhichx procedurex willx bestx providexthis
xinformationxtoxthexcouple?
A. Ultrasound
B. Amniocentesis
C. Chorionicx villusx sampling
D. HGP
Answer:x A
Rationale:x Ultrasoundxisxax visualx methodx forxassessingx thex fetusxinxthexuterusxandx willx providexinfor
mationxaboutxthexgender.x Amniocentesisxandx chorionicxvillusxsamplingx providex thexentirexgeneticx c
odex ofx thex fetus.x HGPx refersx tox thex Humanx Genomex Project,x whichx canx providexinformationx reg
ardingx genex mutationsx andx variations.
Questionx format:x Multiplex Choice
Chapterx 1:xThexNurse'sxRolexinx axChangingx Maternal-
Childx Healthx CarexEnvironmentx CognitivexLevel:xApply
ClientxNeeds:xHealthxPromotionxandxMaintenancexIntegrate
dxProcess:xCaring
Reference:x p.x 6
INTRODUCTORYxMATERNITYx&xPEDIATRICxNURSING
NANCYxHATFIELDx&xCYNTHIAxKINCHELOE
5th Edition
x
TESTBANK x
,Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal–Child Health Care Environment
Hatfield: Introductory Maternity and Pediatric Nursing, 5th Edition
1. Thexopeningxupxofxhospitalxvisitingxpoliciesxforxchildrenxandxfamiliesxlik
elyx resultedfromxthex workx ofxwhichx individual?
A. Josephx Brennaman
B. JohnxBowlby
C. Marshalx Klaus
D. JohnxKennell
x Answer:xB
Rationale:x Inx 1951,x Johnx Bowlbyx receivedx worldwidex attentionx withx his
studyx thatx revealedx thex negativex resultsx ofx thex separationx ofx childx andx motherx becausex ofxhospita
lization.xHisx workx ledxtoaxre-
evaluationxandxliberalizationx ofxhospitalx visitingxpoliciesxforxchildren.xJosephxBrennamanx suggested
x thatxax lackx ofx stimulationx forx infantsx contributedx tox highxinfantx mortalityx ratesx atx thex time.x Inx the
x 1970sx andx 1980s,x physiciansx Marshallx Klausx andx JohnxKennellx carriedx outx importantstudiesx onx
thex effectx ofx thex separationx ofx newbornsx andx parents.xTheyx establishedx thatx earlyx separationx ma
yx havexlong-
termx effectsx onx familyx relationshipsx andxthatx offeringx thex newx familyx anx opportunityx tox bextogeth
erx atx birthx andx forx ax significantx periodxafterx birthx mayx providex benefitsthatx lastx wellx intox earlyx c
hildhood.
Questionx format:x Multiplex Choice
Chapterx1:xThexNurse'sxRolexinx axChangingx Maternal-
Childx Healthx CarexEnvironmentx CognitivexLevel:xRemember
ClientxNeeds:xHealthxPromotionxandxMaintenancexIntegrate
dxProcess:xNursingxProcess
Reference:x p.x 4
2. Anxexpectantx motherx statesxthatx shexreadxthatx morexblackx mothersxdiex inxchildbirthxthanxdoxw
hitex mothers.x Whenx respondingx tox herx questionsx aboutx thex reasonsx forx this,x thex nursexaccurat
elyx statesx thatx whichx isx thex majorx reasonx forx thex highx maternalx mortalityx rate?
A. Havingx formalx education.
B. Beingx unmarried.
C. Income.
D. Lackx ofxprenatalx care.
Answer:x D
Rationale:x Researchx showsxthatx maternalx mortalityxratexisxdirectlyxrelatedxtoxlackxofxprenatalx carexse
condaryx tox lackx ofx accessx tox servicesx orx insurance.x Incomex asx wellx asx educationalx levelx mayxpla
yx ax rolex inx thex availabilityx ofx healthx care,x butx theyx arex notx directlyx responsible.x Beingxunmarriedx
hasxnoxbearingxonxinfantxmortality.
Questionx format:x Multiplex Choice
Chapterx1:xThexNurse'sxRolexinx axChangingx Maternal-
Childx Healthx CarexEnvironmentx CognitivexLevel:xUnderstand
,ClientxNeeds:xHealthxPromotionxandxMaintenancexIntegrate
dxProcess:xNursingxProcess
Reference:x p.x 9
3. Whichx statementx correctlyx definesx thex termx "infantx deathx rate"?
A. numberx ofx deathsx inx uterox ofx fetusesx500x gxorx morex perx 1,000x livexbirths
B. numberx ofx deathsx occurringx inx thex firstx 28x daysx ofx lifex perx 1,000x livexbirths
C. numberx ofx deathsx occurringx atx birthx orxinxthex firstx 12x monthsx ofx lifex perx1,000x livex births
D. deathxofxaxlive-bornx childx beforexhisx orx herx firstxbirthday.
Answer:x D
Rationale:x Thex termx infantx deathx refersx tox thex deathx ofx ax live-
bornx childx beforex hex orx shexreachesx agex 1x year.x Itx alsox includesx neonatalx mortalityx rate.x Neonata
lx mortalityx ratex isx thexnumberx ofxinfantx deathsx duringx thex firstx 28x daysx ofx lifex forx everyx 1,000x liv
ex births.x Infantxmortalityxratexisxthexnumberx ofxdeathsxduringxthex firstx12xmonthsxofxlifexperx1,000xliv
exbirths.x Questionxformat:xMultiplexChoice
Chapterx1:xThexNurse'sxRolexinx axChangingx Maternal-
Childx Healthx CarexEnvironmentx CognitivexLevel:xRemember
ClientxNeeds:xHealthxPromotionxandxMaintenancexIntegrate
dxProcess:xNursingxProcess
Reference:x p.x 9
4. Thexnursingxinstructorxisxpreparingxtoxteachxaxgroupxofxstudentsxaboutxthexhistoryxofxmaternityxcare
.x Whatx majorx developmentx willx thex instructorx emphasizex asx greatlyx influencingx thex practicexofx m
aternityx carex inx thex Unitedx Statesx overx thex pastx century?
A. technologicx advancesx andx thex usex ofx forcepsx byx primaryx carex providers
B. developmentx ofxanesthesiax andx acceptancex ofx thex germx theory
C. adventx ofx birthingx centersx andx thex developmentx ofx family-centeredx care
D. developmentxofxpediatricx specialtyxandx replacementx ofx midwivesx asx primaryx birthxattendantsxA
nswer:xB
Rationale:x Thex emphasisx shouldx bexplacedx onx anesthesiax andx thex germx theory.xThex developmentxof
xanesthesiaxallowedx womenx ax choicexforx painxmanagementx inxbirth;x thexgermxtheoryx advancedxthex p
rogressx ofx generalx healthx carex andx decreasedx infectionsx inx laboringx women.x Pediatricsx asxaxspecial
tyx isx anx importantx stepx forwardx butx isx notx thex greatestx development,x andx midwivesx arexstillx inx pr
actice.x Maternityx carex continuesx tox evolve,x andx birthingx centersx arexstillx underxdevelopment.x For
cepsx arex notx consideredx anx advancex inx maternityx care.
Questionx format:x Multiplex Choice
Chapterx1:xThexNurse'sxRolexinx axChangingx Maternal-
Childx Healthx CarexEnvironmentx CognitivexLevel:xAnalyze
Clientx Needs:x Healthx Promotionx andx Maintenance
, IntegratedxProcess:xTeaching/Learningx
Reference:xp.x3
5. Whenxpreparingxaxclientxforxsurgery,xthexnursexexplainsxthatxthexusexofxanxantisepticxduri
ngxthexsurgeryxhasxgreatlyximprovedxclientxsurvivalxratesxandxwasxstartedxbyxwhichxphysicia
n?
A. Louisx Pasteur
B. Ignazx Philipx Semmelweis
C. Josephx Lister
D. AlexanderxGordon
x Answer:xC
Rationale:x Josephx Listerx wasx ax Britishx surgeonx whox embracedx Louisx Pasteur'sx theoryx ofxmicr
oorganismsx asxthex causex ofx infection.x Listerx usedx carbolicx acidx asx anx antisepticx duringxsurgery
xandx improvedx thex survivalx ratesxofx hisxpatients.x Alexanderx Gordonx proposedxthextheoryxofx infec
tion.x Oliverx Wendellx Holmesx andx Ignazx Philipx Semmelweisx confirmedx hisx theory.
Questionx format:x Multiplex Choice
Chapterx1:xThexNurse'sxRolexinx axChangingx Maternal-
Childx Healthx CarexEnvironmentx CognitivexLevel:xApply
Clientx Needs:x Safe,xEffectivexCarexEnvironment:xSafetyxandxInfectionxControlxIntegratedxProcess
:xNursingxProcess
Reference:x p.x 4
6. Ax youngx couplex arex veryx excitedx tox learnx theyx arex expectingx theirx firstx childx andx questionxt
hexnursexaboutx whichxtestxtheyxneedxtoxdiscoverxitsxgender.xWhichx procedurex willx bestx providexthis
xinformationxtoxthexcouple?
A. Ultrasound
B. Amniocentesis
C. Chorionicx villusx sampling
D. HGP
Answer:x A
Rationale:x Ultrasoundxisxax visualx methodx forxassessingx thex fetusxinxthexuterusxandx willx providexinfor
mationxaboutxthexgender.x Amniocentesisxandx chorionicxvillusxsamplingx providex thexentirexgeneticx c
odex ofx thex fetus.x HGPx refersx tox thex Humanx Genomex Project,x whichx canx providexinformationx reg
ardingx genex mutationsx andx variations.
Questionx format:x Multiplex Choice
Chapterx 1:xThexNurse'sxRolexinx axChangingx Maternal-
Childx Healthx CarexEnvironmentx CognitivexLevel:xApply
ClientxNeeds:xHealthxPromotionxandxMaintenancexIntegrate
dxProcess:xCaring
Reference:x p.x 6
