©THESTAR 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 12:43 PM.
NURS 2055- Diabetes Mellitus and Diabetic
Complications. Exam Questions With
Correct Answers 100% Verified.
What can manifestations of hypoglycaemia mimic? - Answer✔alcohol intoxication
what is diabetes mellitus? - Answer✔A chronic multi system disease related to
(1) Abnormal insulin production
(2) Impaired insulin utilization
Or both
Approximately 65 to 80% of people with DM will die as a result of ____________________. -
Answer✔heart disease or stroke
theories link the cause of DM to these factors (4) - Answer✔-genetic
-autoimmune
-viral
-environmental
What cells produce insulin? - Answer✔beta cells
is insulin released continuously or intermittently - Answer✔continuously in small increments
with larger amounts released after food
what range does insulin stabilize the blood sugar within? - Answer✔4-6mmol/L
what does insulin do? - Answer✔insulin promotes glucose transport from the bloodstream
across cell membrane to cytoplasm of cell
does insulin increase or decrease blood sugar - Answer✔decrease
what does insulin do after a meal? - Answer✔-stimulates storage of glucose as glycogen in liver
and muscles
1|Page
, ©THESTAR 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 12:43 PM.
-inhibits gluconeogenesis
-enhances fat deposition
-increase protein synthesis
Which tissues are insulin dependent? - Answer✔skeletal muscle and adipose tissue
the hormone secreting portion of the pancreas is referred to as ______ - Answer✔islets of
langerhans
islets of Langerhans - Answer✔group of pancreatic cells secreting insulin and glucagon
-beta cells are found within the islets of Langerhans (along with alpha, delta, and F cells)
what do alpha cells do? - Answer✔produce and secrete the hormone glucagon
what is glucagon? - Answer✔-released from alpha cells in response to low levels of blood
glucose, protein ingestion, and exercise
-job is to increase blood glucose by stimulating glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, and
ketogenesis
-works with insulin to maintain normal blood glucose
what is glycogenolysis? - Answer✔process by which glycogen, the primary carbohydrate stored
in the liver and muscle cells in animals, is broken down into glucose for immediate energy
what is ketogenesis? - Answer✔producing ketone bodies for energy by breaking down fatty
acids and ketogenic amino acids instead of using carbohydrates
what do beta cells do? - Answer✔produce insulin
what do delta cells do? - Answer✔produce and secrete somatostatin
what is the stimulus for the release of insulin? - Answer✔increased blood glucose
Pathophysiology of type 1 DM - Answer✔destructions of beta cells by the body's own T cells
what is type 1 DM formally known as ? - Answer✔"juvenile onset" or "insulin-dependent"
age of onset for type 1 DM - Answer✔most common in people under 30 years of age (the peak
being 11 to 13 years) but can occur at any age
is blood sugar regulation a positive or negative feedback loop? - Answer✔negative feedback
loop
type of onset of type 1 DM - Answer✔Signs & symptoms abrupt, but disease process may be
present for several years
2|Page
NURS 2055- Diabetes Mellitus and Diabetic
Complications. Exam Questions With
Correct Answers 100% Verified.
What can manifestations of hypoglycaemia mimic? - Answer✔alcohol intoxication
what is diabetes mellitus? - Answer✔A chronic multi system disease related to
(1) Abnormal insulin production
(2) Impaired insulin utilization
Or both
Approximately 65 to 80% of people with DM will die as a result of ____________________. -
Answer✔heart disease or stroke
theories link the cause of DM to these factors (4) - Answer✔-genetic
-autoimmune
-viral
-environmental
What cells produce insulin? - Answer✔beta cells
is insulin released continuously or intermittently - Answer✔continuously in small increments
with larger amounts released after food
what range does insulin stabilize the blood sugar within? - Answer✔4-6mmol/L
what does insulin do? - Answer✔insulin promotes glucose transport from the bloodstream
across cell membrane to cytoplasm of cell
does insulin increase or decrease blood sugar - Answer✔decrease
what does insulin do after a meal? - Answer✔-stimulates storage of glucose as glycogen in liver
and muscles
1|Page
, ©THESTAR 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 12:43 PM.
-inhibits gluconeogenesis
-enhances fat deposition
-increase protein synthesis
Which tissues are insulin dependent? - Answer✔skeletal muscle and adipose tissue
the hormone secreting portion of the pancreas is referred to as ______ - Answer✔islets of
langerhans
islets of Langerhans - Answer✔group of pancreatic cells secreting insulin and glucagon
-beta cells are found within the islets of Langerhans (along with alpha, delta, and F cells)
what do alpha cells do? - Answer✔produce and secrete the hormone glucagon
what is glucagon? - Answer✔-released from alpha cells in response to low levels of blood
glucose, protein ingestion, and exercise
-job is to increase blood glucose by stimulating glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, and
ketogenesis
-works with insulin to maintain normal blood glucose
what is glycogenolysis? - Answer✔process by which glycogen, the primary carbohydrate stored
in the liver and muscle cells in animals, is broken down into glucose for immediate energy
what is ketogenesis? - Answer✔producing ketone bodies for energy by breaking down fatty
acids and ketogenic amino acids instead of using carbohydrates
what do beta cells do? - Answer✔produce insulin
what do delta cells do? - Answer✔produce and secrete somatostatin
what is the stimulus for the release of insulin? - Answer✔increased blood glucose
Pathophysiology of type 1 DM - Answer✔destructions of beta cells by the body's own T cells
what is type 1 DM formally known as ? - Answer✔"juvenile onset" or "insulin-dependent"
age of onset for type 1 DM - Answer✔most common in people under 30 years of age (the peak
being 11 to 13 years) but can occur at any age
is blood sugar regulation a positive or negative feedback loop? - Answer✔negative feedback
loop
type of onset of type 1 DM - Answer✔Signs & symptoms abrupt, but disease process may be
present for several years
2|Page
