HESI A2: ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY EXAM LATEST 2024/2025
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+
1. *Sagittal Section* A cut along the MEDIAN PLANE
2. *Frontal Section* A cut along the CORONAL PLANE
3. *Cross-Section* A cut through the TRANSVERSE PLANE
4. *What is the anatomic posi- The body is erect, feet slightly apart, the head
tion?* is held high, and the palms of the hands are
facing forward
5. *Superior is* ABOVE
6. *Inferior is* BELOW
7. *Anterior is* FACING FORWARD
8. *Posterior is* TOWARD THE BACK
9. *Medial is* TOWARD THE MIDLINE
10. *Lateral is* AWAY from the MIDLINE
11. *Proximal is* CLOSER to the point of attachment
12. *Distal is* FURTHER away from the point of attachment
13. Dorsal Body cavity includes Cranial and Spinal Nerves
what?
14. Ventral Body cavity includes The orbits and the nasal, oral, thoracic, and
what? abdominopelvic cavities
15. *Histology is the study of TISSUES!
what?*
16. A Tissue is a? Group of cells that act together to perform
specific functions
17. What are the 4 Fundamental Epithelial Tissue
Tissues of the Human Body? Connective Tissue
, HESI A2: ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY EXAM
Nerve Tissue
Muscle Tissue
18. Epithelial Cells do what? Cover, line, and protect the body its internal
organs
19. Connective Tissue is the The body, providing support and structure for
framework of? the organs
20. Nerve Tissue is composed Neurons and connective tissue cells
of?
21. *What is a neuroglia?* A connective tissue nerve cells
22. Muscle tissue have the abili- Contract or shorten
ty to?
23. Muscle tissue is classified Voluntary Muscles and Involuntary Muscles
as?
24. What muscles are volun- Skeletal Muscles
tary?
25. What muscles are involun- Smooth Muscles
tary?
26. *What is the basic unit of A CELL!
life?*
27. *Who is the building block of A CELL!
tissues and organs?*
28. What does a nucleus con- Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribosomes
tain?
29. What is the job of a ribo- Synthesizes proteins
some?
30. What do proteins include? Enzymes that regulate all chemical reactions
within the body
, HESI A2: ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY EXAM
31. *What is MITOSIS necessary Growth and repair
for?*
32. *What happens during the The DNA is duplicated and distributed evenly
process of MITOSIS?* to two daughter cells
33. *MEIOSIS is specializes in?* Cells division that takes place in the gonads,
which is the ovaries and the testes
34. *What happens during the The chromosome number is reduced from 46
process of MEIOSIS?* to 23
35. *When the egg and sperm MEIOSIS!
unite in fertilization the zy-
gote will have the correct
number of chromosomes,
this process takes place
where?*
36. What is the largest organ of THE SKIN!
the body?
37. What are the two layers of EPIDERMIS and the DERMIS
the skin?
38. *The EPIDERMIS is the* Outermost protective layer of dead kera-
tinized epithelial cells
39. *The DERMIS is the* Underlying layer of connective tissue with
blood vessels, nerve endings, and the asso-
ciated skin structures
40. Where does the DERMIS On the subcutaneous tissue that connects
rest? the skin to the superficial muscles
41. What are the layers of the Stratum Corneum
EPIDERMIS from the OUTER Stratum Lucidum
layer to the INNER layer Stratum Granulosum
Stratum Spinosum
Stratum Basale
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+
1. *Sagittal Section* A cut along the MEDIAN PLANE
2. *Frontal Section* A cut along the CORONAL PLANE
3. *Cross-Section* A cut through the TRANSVERSE PLANE
4. *What is the anatomic posi- The body is erect, feet slightly apart, the head
tion?* is held high, and the palms of the hands are
facing forward
5. *Superior is* ABOVE
6. *Inferior is* BELOW
7. *Anterior is* FACING FORWARD
8. *Posterior is* TOWARD THE BACK
9. *Medial is* TOWARD THE MIDLINE
10. *Lateral is* AWAY from the MIDLINE
11. *Proximal is* CLOSER to the point of attachment
12. *Distal is* FURTHER away from the point of attachment
13. Dorsal Body cavity includes Cranial and Spinal Nerves
what?
14. Ventral Body cavity includes The orbits and the nasal, oral, thoracic, and
what? abdominopelvic cavities
15. *Histology is the study of TISSUES!
what?*
16. A Tissue is a? Group of cells that act together to perform
specific functions
17. What are the 4 Fundamental Epithelial Tissue
Tissues of the Human Body? Connective Tissue
, HESI A2: ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY EXAM
Nerve Tissue
Muscle Tissue
18. Epithelial Cells do what? Cover, line, and protect the body its internal
organs
19. Connective Tissue is the The body, providing support and structure for
framework of? the organs
20. Nerve Tissue is composed Neurons and connective tissue cells
of?
21. *What is a neuroglia?* A connective tissue nerve cells
22. Muscle tissue have the abili- Contract or shorten
ty to?
23. Muscle tissue is classified Voluntary Muscles and Involuntary Muscles
as?
24. What muscles are volun- Skeletal Muscles
tary?
25. What muscles are involun- Smooth Muscles
tary?
26. *What is the basic unit of A CELL!
life?*
27. *Who is the building block of A CELL!
tissues and organs?*
28. What does a nucleus con- Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribosomes
tain?
29. What is the job of a ribo- Synthesizes proteins
some?
30. What do proteins include? Enzymes that regulate all chemical reactions
within the body
, HESI A2: ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY EXAM
31. *What is MITOSIS necessary Growth and repair
for?*
32. *What happens during the The DNA is duplicated and distributed evenly
process of MITOSIS?* to two daughter cells
33. *MEIOSIS is specializes in?* Cells division that takes place in the gonads,
which is the ovaries and the testes
34. *What happens during the The chromosome number is reduced from 46
process of MEIOSIS?* to 23
35. *When the egg and sperm MEIOSIS!
unite in fertilization the zy-
gote will have the correct
number of chromosomes,
this process takes place
where?*
36. What is the largest organ of THE SKIN!
the body?
37. What are the two layers of EPIDERMIS and the DERMIS
the skin?
38. *The EPIDERMIS is the* Outermost protective layer of dead kera-
tinized epithelial cells
39. *The DERMIS is the* Underlying layer of connective tissue with
blood vessels, nerve endings, and the asso-
ciated skin structures
40. Where does the DERMIS On the subcutaneous tissue that connects
rest? the skin to the superficial muscles
41. What are the layers of the Stratum Corneum
EPIDERMIS from the OUTER Stratum Lucidum
layer to the INNER layer Stratum Granulosum
Stratum Spinosum
Stratum Basale
