1. What is the primary adverse effect of ACE inhibitors?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypotension
C. Hypokalemia
D. Bradycardia
Answer: A) Hyperkalemia
Rationale: ACE inhibitors can increase potassium levels, leading to
hyperkalemia, which can be dangerous if untreated.
2. Which of the following is a potential side effect of statins?
A. Drowsiness
B. Muscle pain
C. Cough
D. Weight gain
Answer: B) Muscle pain
Rationale: Statins can cause muscle pain or weakness as a side effect, which
may indicate a more serious condition called rhabdomyolysis.
3. Which of the following drugs is classified as a proton pump inhibitor
(PPI)?
,A. Omeprazole
B. Ranitidine
C. Magnesium hydroxide
D. Diphenhydramine
Answer: A) Omeprazole
Rationale: Omeprazole is a PPI that decreases the production of stomach acid
and is commonly used to treat conditions like GERD and peptic ulcers.
4. What is the primary therapeutic use of digoxin?
A. Treating arrhythmias
B. Lowering blood pressure
C. Treating infections
D. Reducing inflammation
Answer: A) Treating arrhythmias
Rationale: Digoxin is used to treat atrial fibrillation and other heart
arrhythmias by increasing the force of contraction and slowing the heart rate.
5. What is the antidote for warfarin overdose?
A. Protamine sulfate
B. Vitamin K
C. Naloxone
D. Flumazenil
, Answer: B) Vitamin K
Rationale: Vitamin K is used to reverse the anticoagulant effects of warfarin,
promoting the synthesis of clotting factors.
6. What is the therapeutic index of a drug?
A. The ratio between the toxic dose and the therapeutic dose
B. The time it takes for a drug to reach its peak effect
C. The duration of action of a drug
D. The concentration of a drug in the bloodstream
Answer: A) The ratio between the toxic dose and the therapeutic dose
Rationale: The therapeutic index indicates the safety margin of a drug; a
higher index means a safer drug.
7. Which of the following drugs is most commonly used as a first-line
treatment for hypertension?
A. Furosemide
B. Lisinopril
C. Digoxin
D. Morphine
Answer: B) Lisinopril
Rationale: Lisinopril, an ACE inhibitor, is commonly used as a first-line
treatment for hypertension due to its effectiveness in relaxing blood vessels and
lowering blood pressure.
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypotension
C. Hypokalemia
D. Bradycardia
Answer: A) Hyperkalemia
Rationale: ACE inhibitors can increase potassium levels, leading to
hyperkalemia, which can be dangerous if untreated.
2. Which of the following is a potential side effect of statins?
A. Drowsiness
B. Muscle pain
C. Cough
D. Weight gain
Answer: B) Muscle pain
Rationale: Statins can cause muscle pain or weakness as a side effect, which
may indicate a more serious condition called rhabdomyolysis.
3. Which of the following drugs is classified as a proton pump inhibitor
(PPI)?
,A. Omeprazole
B. Ranitidine
C. Magnesium hydroxide
D. Diphenhydramine
Answer: A) Omeprazole
Rationale: Omeprazole is a PPI that decreases the production of stomach acid
and is commonly used to treat conditions like GERD and peptic ulcers.
4. What is the primary therapeutic use of digoxin?
A. Treating arrhythmias
B. Lowering blood pressure
C. Treating infections
D. Reducing inflammation
Answer: A) Treating arrhythmias
Rationale: Digoxin is used to treat atrial fibrillation and other heart
arrhythmias by increasing the force of contraction and slowing the heart rate.
5. What is the antidote for warfarin overdose?
A. Protamine sulfate
B. Vitamin K
C. Naloxone
D. Flumazenil
, Answer: B) Vitamin K
Rationale: Vitamin K is used to reverse the anticoagulant effects of warfarin,
promoting the synthesis of clotting factors.
6. What is the therapeutic index of a drug?
A. The ratio between the toxic dose and the therapeutic dose
B. The time it takes for a drug to reach its peak effect
C. The duration of action of a drug
D. The concentration of a drug in the bloodstream
Answer: A) The ratio between the toxic dose and the therapeutic dose
Rationale: The therapeutic index indicates the safety margin of a drug; a
higher index means a safer drug.
7. Which of the following drugs is most commonly used as a first-line
treatment for hypertension?
A. Furosemide
B. Lisinopril
C. Digoxin
D. Morphine
Answer: B) Lisinopril
Rationale: Lisinopril, an ACE inhibitor, is commonly used as a first-line
treatment for hypertension due to its effectiveness in relaxing blood vessels and
lowering blood pressure.
