Test Bank for Juvenile Justice In America 9th Edition
Chapter 1 Juvenile Justice: An Overview
Chapter 1 Juvenile Justice: An Overview
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1) The premise of parens patriae at the Cook County Juvenile Court was that it allowed the juvenile 1) _______
courts to ________.
A) punish youthful offenders B) isolate youthful offenders from society
C) treat youthful offenders D) punish the families of youthful offenders
2) In colonial times, youths were punished by ________. 2) _______
A) magistrates B) sheriffs C) their families D) watchmen
3) In Europe during the middle ages, who assumed control over children and their welfare before it 3) _______
was turned over to the Chancery Court?
A) Circuit judges B) The landowners
C) Constables D) Shire reeves
4) Parens patriae focused on the ________ as the one who protected their subjects. 4) _______
A) self B) family C) god D) sovereign
5) In the late 1700s and early 1800s, the ________ was believed to be the primary source of youths' 5) _______
problems.
A) school B) family C) community D) peer group
6) Early Houses of Refuge were run using a ________. 6) _______
A) deterrence model B) family model
C) rehabilitation model D) punishment and penitence model
7) The penal system of the colonies was modeled after the ________ system. 7) _______
A) Spanish B) Norwegian C) English D) German
8) Which of the following services did John Augustus instigate? 8) _______
A) Arranging for employment for youths on probation
B) Domestic violence round up
C) Placing children on probation in houses of refuge
D) Truth in sentencing
9) The liberal agenda of the 1960s and 1970s emphasized the ________. 9) _______
A) increased focus on punishment
B) diversion of minor offenders from the juvenile justice system
C) increased use of training school
D) support of long-term confinement of juveniles
10) Studies on hidden delinquency and middle-class law breaking has taught that nearly all 10) ______
juveniles ________.
A) are followers B) are unhappy C) break the law D) get caught
1
,Test Bank for Juvenile Justice In America 9th Edition
Chapter 1 Juvenile Justice: An Overview
11) Which of the following would proponents of the "get tough" philosophy support? 11) ______
A) Keeping status offenders out of the juvenile justice system
B) Urging the use of community resources in working with juvenile offenders
C) Providing juveniles with all the procedural safeguards given to adults
D) Ensuring increased long-term confinement for juveniles
12) Early in the history of this nation, the poor newcomers were viewed as ________. 12) ______
A) honest B) allies C) criminals D) religious
13) Which of the following is a required function of the juvenile court? 13) ______
A) Prepare juveniles for their return to the community
B) Supervise juveniles who have been released from training schools
C) Deal with child neglect
D) Obtain taped confessions from juveniles
14) Which of the following is a responsibility of an agency other than corrections? 14) ______
A) Supervising offenders released to probation by the courts
B) Caring for youthful offenders sentenced by the courts
C) Making sentencing decisions
D) Using residential programs to prepare youths for release
15) Which of the following terms is synonymous with an indictment? 15) ______
A) Petition B) Custody C) Respondent D) Disposition
16) The processing of juveniles by the juvenile justice system usually begins when ________. 16) ______
A) a judge decides that a youth should be held and tried for a crime
B) the youth is moved to residential placement
C) an intake official of the court decides to hold a youth in detention
D) police refer a youth to the juvenile court
17) Which of the following is most concerned that juvenile offenders receive therapy rather than 17) ______
institutionalization?
A) Balanced and restorative model B) Justice model
C) Crime control model D) Treatment model
18) Which of the following concepts is in line with the justice model? 18) ______
A) The basic mission of juvenile justice is to rehabilitate youthful offenders.
B) Juveniles must be punished in proportion to the seriousness of the offense.
C) Community service should not be a substitute for confinement.
D) Juveniles should not be rewarded with procedural safeguards.
19) Which of the following correctional models emphasizes punishment as the remedy for juvenile 19) ______
misbehavior?
A) Least B) Rehabilitation C) Due process D) Crime control
restrictive
2
,Test Bank for Juvenile Justice In America 9th Edition
Chapter 1 Juvenile Justice: An Overview
20) Which of the following is an objective of the balanced and restorative justice model? 20) ______
A) Procedural safeguards should be granted to juveniles who have broken the law.
B) Decision-making alternatives to formal court or other adversarial processes should be
provided.
C) Indeterminate sentencing should be implemented for increased effectiveness.
D) Juvenile offenders should receive therapy rather than be institutionalized.
TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
21) Juvenile justice in the United States began with the formation of the juvenile court in 1899. 21) ______
22) The Illinois court was set up to operate on a formal basis. 22) ______
23) The parens patriae philosophy permitted the Cook County Juvenile Court to take charge of 23) ______
juveniles (children) in need.
24) Houses of refuge were started in the mid 1700s. 24) ______
25) John Augustus is considered the father of probation. 25) ______
26) Juvenile aftercare is as old as the juvenile institution. 26) ______
27) The liberal agenda of the 1960s and the 1970s emphasized the increased use of training schools 27) ______
for status offenders.
28) The Reagan administration's crime control policy for juveniles emphasized a significant use of 28) ______
rehabilitation.
29) The "get tough" strategy for juvenile offenders is part of the least restrictive philosophy. 29) ______
30) An adjudicatory hearing is a trial that can result in a conviction. 30) ______
31) A disposition hearing is basically a sentencing. 31) ______
32) A petitioner in a juvenile court case is the prosecutor. 32) ______
33) The primary purpose of the adjudicatory hearing is to determine whether the juvenile should be 33) ______
placed in detention.
34) The processing of juvenile offenders by juvenile justice agencies begins when the youth is 34) ______
referred to the juvenile court.
35) The treatment model is based on the belief that the basic mission of juvenile justice is to 35) ______
rehabilitate youthful offenders.
3
, Test Bank for Juvenile Justice In America 9th Edition
Chapter 1 Juvenile Justice: An Overview
36) Those promoting the crime control approach wanted to give juveniles better protection through 36) ______
procedural safeguards.
37) In the balanced and restorative justice model, competency refers to the rehabilitation of offenders. 37) ______
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
38) The emerging ________ school contended that people were pushed into crime by forces 38) _____________
beyond their control.
39) The concept that gives the courts a legal basis for intervening in the lives of children is 39) _____________
parens ________.
40) The first juvenile institutions were called Houses of ________. 40) _____________
41) ________ schools are also called reformatories or industrial schools. 41) _____________
42) Ever since the colonial period, society has gradually taken authority away from the 42) _____________
________ and given it to the state for correcting the behavior of children.
43) The ________ agenda emphasized the reduced use of training schools. 43) _____________
44) The "get ________" approach argues that juveniles should be punished rather than 44) _____________
treated.
45) Most juvenile court codes now require two types of hearings: the adjudicatory and 45) _____________
________ hearings.
46) The In re ________ case guarantees to juveniles the right to representation by counsel, 46) _____________
freedom from self-incrimination, the right to confront witnesses, and the right to
cross-examine witnesses. Some states also give juveniles the right to a jury trial.
47) The justice model requires that punishment offenders receive must be ________ to the 47) _____________
seriousness of the offense.
48) The crime control model supports the view that ________ can be helpful in teaching a 48) _____________
youth to be responsible, diligent, and honest.
MATCHING. Choose the item in column 2 that best matches each item in column 1.
Match each term with its description.
49) Adjudicatory hearing A) A trial that can result in a conviction 49) ______
50) Aftercare B) Parole 50) ______
51) Commitment C) A sentence to confinement 51) ______
4
Chapter 1 Juvenile Justice: An Overview
Chapter 1 Juvenile Justice: An Overview
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1) The premise of parens patriae at the Cook County Juvenile Court was that it allowed the juvenile 1) _______
courts to ________.
A) punish youthful offenders B) isolate youthful offenders from society
C) treat youthful offenders D) punish the families of youthful offenders
2) In colonial times, youths were punished by ________. 2) _______
A) magistrates B) sheriffs C) their families D) watchmen
3) In Europe during the middle ages, who assumed control over children and their welfare before it 3) _______
was turned over to the Chancery Court?
A) Circuit judges B) The landowners
C) Constables D) Shire reeves
4) Parens patriae focused on the ________ as the one who protected their subjects. 4) _______
A) self B) family C) god D) sovereign
5) In the late 1700s and early 1800s, the ________ was believed to be the primary source of youths' 5) _______
problems.
A) school B) family C) community D) peer group
6) Early Houses of Refuge were run using a ________. 6) _______
A) deterrence model B) family model
C) rehabilitation model D) punishment and penitence model
7) The penal system of the colonies was modeled after the ________ system. 7) _______
A) Spanish B) Norwegian C) English D) German
8) Which of the following services did John Augustus instigate? 8) _______
A) Arranging for employment for youths on probation
B) Domestic violence round up
C) Placing children on probation in houses of refuge
D) Truth in sentencing
9) The liberal agenda of the 1960s and 1970s emphasized the ________. 9) _______
A) increased focus on punishment
B) diversion of minor offenders from the juvenile justice system
C) increased use of training school
D) support of long-term confinement of juveniles
10) Studies on hidden delinquency and middle-class law breaking has taught that nearly all 10) ______
juveniles ________.
A) are followers B) are unhappy C) break the law D) get caught
1
,Test Bank for Juvenile Justice In America 9th Edition
Chapter 1 Juvenile Justice: An Overview
11) Which of the following would proponents of the "get tough" philosophy support? 11) ______
A) Keeping status offenders out of the juvenile justice system
B) Urging the use of community resources in working with juvenile offenders
C) Providing juveniles with all the procedural safeguards given to adults
D) Ensuring increased long-term confinement for juveniles
12) Early in the history of this nation, the poor newcomers were viewed as ________. 12) ______
A) honest B) allies C) criminals D) religious
13) Which of the following is a required function of the juvenile court? 13) ______
A) Prepare juveniles for their return to the community
B) Supervise juveniles who have been released from training schools
C) Deal with child neglect
D) Obtain taped confessions from juveniles
14) Which of the following is a responsibility of an agency other than corrections? 14) ______
A) Supervising offenders released to probation by the courts
B) Caring for youthful offenders sentenced by the courts
C) Making sentencing decisions
D) Using residential programs to prepare youths for release
15) Which of the following terms is synonymous with an indictment? 15) ______
A) Petition B) Custody C) Respondent D) Disposition
16) The processing of juveniles by the juvenile justice system usually begins when ________. 16) ______
A) a judge decides that a youth should be held and tried for a crime
B) the youth is moved to residential placement
C) an intake official of the court decides to hold a youth in detention
D) police refer a youth to the juvenile court
17) Which of the following is most concerned that juvenile offenders receive therapy rather than 17) ______
institutionalization?
A) Balanced and restorative model B) Justice model
C) Crime control model D) Treatment model
18) Which of the following concepts is in line with the justice model? 18) ______
A) The basic mission of juvenile justice is to rehabilitate youthful offenders.
B) Juveniles must be punished in proportion to the seriousness of the offense.
C) Community service should not be a substitute for confinement.
D) Juveniles should not be rewarded with procedural safeguards.
19) Which of the following correctional models emphasizes punishment as the remedy for juvenile 19) ______
misbehavior?
A) Least B) Rehabilitation C) Due process D) Crime control
restrictive
2
,Test Bank for Juvenile Justice In America 9th Edition
Chapter 1 Juvenile Justice: An Overview
20) Which of the following is an objective of the balanced and restorative justice model? 20) ______
A) Procedural safeguards should be granted to juveniles who have broken the law.
B) Decision-making alternatives to formal court or other adversarial processes should be
provided.
C) Indeterminate sentencing should be implemented for increased effectiveness.
D) Juvenile offenders should receive therapy rather than be institutionalized.
TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
21) Juvenile justice in the United States began with the formation of the juvenile court in 1899. 21) ______
22) The Illinois court was set up to operate on a formal basis. 22) ______
23) The parens patriae philosophy permitted the Cook County Juvenile Court to take charge of 23) ______
juveniles (children) in need.
24) Houses of refuge were started in the mid 1700s. 24) ______
25) John Augustus is considered the father of probation. 25) ______
26) Juvenile aftercare is as old as the juvenile institution. 26) ______
27) The liberal agenda of the 1960s and the 1970s emphasized the increased use of training schools 27) ______
for status offenders.
28) The Reagan administration's crime control policy for juveniles emphasized a significant use of 28) ______
rehabilitation.
29) The "get tough" strategy for juvenile offenders is part of the least restrictive philosophy. 29) ______
30) An adjudicatory hearing is a trial that can result in a conviction. 30) ______
31) A disposition hearing is basically a sentencing. 31) ______
32) A petitioner in a juvenile court case is the prosecutor. 32) ______
33) The primary purpose of the adjudicatory hearing is to determine whether the juvenile should be 33) ______
placed in detention.
34) The processing of juvenile offenders by juvenile justice agencies begins when the youth is 34) ______
referred to the juvenile court.
35) The treatment model is based on the belief that the basic mission of juvenile justice is to 35) ______
rehabilitate youthful offenders.
3
, Test Bank for Juvenile Justice In America 9th Edition
Chapter 1 Juvenile Justice: An Overview
36) Those promoting the crime control approach wanted to give juveniles better protection through 36) ______
procedural safeguards.
37) In the balanced and restorative justice model, competency refers to the rehabilitation of offenders. 37) ______
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
38) The emerging ________ school contended that people were pushed into crime by forces 38) _____________
beyond their control.
39) The concept that gives the courts a legal basis for intervening in the lives of children is 39) _____________
parens ________.
40) The first juvenile institutions were called Houses of ________. 40) _____________
41) ________ schools are also called reformatories or industrial schools. 41) _____________
42) Ever since the colonial period, society has gradually taken authority away from the 42) _____________
________ and given it to the state for correcting the behavior of children.
43) The ________ agenda emphasized the reduced use of training schools. 43) _____________
44) The "get ________" approach argues that juveniles should be punished rather than 44) _____________
treated.
45) Most juvenile court codes now require two types of hearings: the adjudicatory and 45) _____________
________ hearings.
46) The In re ________ case guarantees to juveniles the right to representation by counsel, 46) _____________
freedom from self-incrimination, the right to confront witnesses, and the right to
cross-examine witnesses. Some states also give juveniles the right to a jury trial.
47) The justice model requires that punishment offenders receive must be ________ to the 47) _____________
seriousness of the offense.
48) The crime control model supports the view that ________ can be helpful in teaching a 48) _____________
youth to be responsible, diligent, and honest.
MATCHING. Choose the item in column 2 that best matches each item in column 1.
Match each term with its description.
49) Adjudicatory hearing A) A trial that can result in a conviction 49) ______
50) Aftercare B) Parole 50) ______
51) Commitment C) A sentence to confinement 51) ______
4
