ECPI 2025: ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY
EXAM: CHAPTERS 1-3 UPDATED
ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
NEGATIVE FEEDBACK: - CORRECT ANSWER - Effectors return conditions toward
normal range.
- Called "negative" bc the response to the change moved the variable in opposite direction
(negative) of the deviation from the set point.
- Most common type of homeostatic mechanism.
- Prevents sudden, severe changes in the body.
- Ex: negative feedback controls body temp., blood pressure, glucose level in the blood.
POSITIVE FEEDBACK: - CORRECT ANSWER - Change/deviation is intensified - not
reversed. Activity of effector is increased initially, instead of decreasing.
- Uncommon in body / short-lived
- Produce unstable conditions that seem like they will not lead to homeostasis, but they will.
- Ex: blood clotting and uterus contractions of childbirth.
ANATOMY: - CORRECT ANSWER - Study of structure of the human body and its parts
- Derived from the Greek word "cutting up"
PHYSIOLOGY: - CORRECT ANSWER - Study of functions of human body and its parts.
- Derived from the Greek word "relationship to nature"
,-stasis: - CORRECT ANSWER - Having a state of balance or stability.
Ex: homeostasis
Peri- - CORRECT ANSWER - Around
Ex: pericardium (around the heart)
Hypo: - CORRECT ANSWER - Low, under, beneath, down, or below normal
Ex: hypoglycemia - low blood sugar
Hyper: - CORRECT ANSWER - High, beyond, excessive, or above normal
Ex: hyperglycemia - high blood sugar
Epi: - CORRECT ANSWER - Upon, on top of
Pariet: - CORRECT ANSWER - A wall (of the body)
VISCERAL LAYER: - CORRECT ANSWER - Inner layer which covers an organ
PARIETAL LAYER: - CORRECT ANSWER - Outer layer which lines wall of cavity
MEMDIASTINUM: - CORRECT ANSWER - Region between lungs in thoracic cavity,
which contains heart, esophagus, trachea, thymus gland.
CONTRALATERAL: - CORRECT ANSWER - Opposite sides
, IPSILATERAL: - CORRECT ANSWER - Same side
HOMEOSTASIS: - CORRECT ANSWER - Maintenance of a stable internal environment.
LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION IN ORDER FROM MOST SIMPLE: - CORRECT
ANSWER - Subatomic particles
Atoms
Molecules
Macromolecules
Organelle
Cell
Tissue
Organ
Organ system
Organism
SUBATOMIC PARTICLES: - CORRECT ANSWER - Protons, neutrons, electrons that
make up cells
ATOM: - CORRECT ANSWER - Tiny particles that make up chemicals (hydrogen,
carbon)
MOLECULE: - CORRECT ANSWER - Particles consisting of atoms joined together
(water, glucose)
MACROMOLECULE: - CORRECT ANSWER - Large particles consisting of molecules
(DNA, protein)
EXAM: CHAPTERS 1-3 UPDATED
ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
NEGATIVE FEEDBACK: - CORRECT ANSWER - Effectors return conditions toward
normal range.
- Called "negative" bc the response to the change moved the variable in opposite direction
(negative) of the deviation from the set point.
- Most common type of homeostatic mechanism.
- Prevents sudden, severe changes in the body.
- Ex: negative feedback controls body temp., blood pressure, glucose level in the blood.
POSITIVE FEEDBACK: - CORRECT ANSWER - Change/deviation is intensified - not
reversed. Activity of effector is increased initially, instead of decreasing.
- Uncommon in body / short-lived
- Produce unstable conditions that seem like they will not lead to homeostasis, but they will.
- Ex: blood clotting and uterus contractions of childbirth.
ANATOMY: - CORRECT ANSWER - Study of structure of the human body and its parts
- Derived from the Greek word "cutting up"
PHYSIOLOGY: - CORRECT ANSWER - Study of functions of human body and its parts.
- Derived from the Greek word "relationship to nature"
,-stasis: - CORRECT ANSWER - Having a state of balance or stability.
Ex: homeostasis
Peri- - CORRECT ANSWER - Around
Ex: pericardium (around the heart)
Hypo: - CORRECT ANSWER - Low, under, beneath, down, or below normal
Ex: hypoglycemia - low blood sugar
Hyper: - CORRECT ANSWER - High, beyond, excessive, or above normal
Ex: hyperglycemia - high blood sugar
Epi: - CORRECT ANSWER - Upon, on top of
Pariet: - CORRECT ANSWER - A wall (of the body)
VISCERAL LAYER: - CORRECT ANSWER - Inner layer which covers an organ
PARIETAL LAYER: - CORRECT ANSWER - Outer layer which lines wall of cavity
MEMDIASTINUM: - CORRECT ANSWER - Region between lungs in thoracic cavity,
which contains heart, esophagus, trachea, thymus gland.
CONTRALATERAL: - CORRECT ANSWER - Opposite sides
, IPSILATERAL: - CORRECT ANSWER - Same side
HOMEOSTASIS: - CORRECT ANSWER - Maintenance of a stable internal environment.
LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION IN ORDER FROM MOST SIMPLE: - CORRECT
ANSWER - Subatomic particles
Atoms
Molecules
Macromolecules
Organelle
Cell
Tissue
Organ
Organ system
Organism
SUBATOMIC PARTICLES: - CORRECT ANSWER - Protons, neutrons, electrons that
make up cells
ATOM: - CORRECT ANSWER - Tiny particles that make up chemicals (hydrogen,
carbon)
MOLECULE: - CORRECT ANSWER - Particles consisting of atoms joined together
(water, glucose)
MACROMOLECULE: - CORRECT ANSWER - Large particles consisting of molecules
(DNA, protein)
