5355 UTMB ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM
UTMB ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 5355
ACTUAL EXAM 2024 REAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) A NEW UPDATED VERSION
|GUARANTEED PASS A+ (ACTUAL EXAM)
The effects of vasodilation during an inflammatory response cause which of the
following? - ANSWERSlower blood viscosity
Which of the following is a role of histamine when released by mast cells? -
ANSWERIncreased Vascular Permeability
Which of the following results when histamine attaches to the H1 receptor? -
ANSWERSmooth muscle contraction, increased chemotaxis, stimulation of
prostaglandin synthesis
Which chemical mediator is responsible for prolonged asthma symptoms such as
bronchoconstriction and inflammation? - ANSWERLeukotrienes
Which of the following are an active modulator of allergic reactions in the immune
system? - ANSWEREosinophils
directs movement of cells along a chemical gradient attracting eosinophils and
neutrophils to the site of inflammation. - ANSWERChemotaxis
What are the functions of interferons? - ANSWERProtect against viral infection, modulate
inflammatory response
Your patient has seasonal allergic rhinitis. Which type of hypersensitivity reaction is
this? - ANSWERType 1
Your patient has diagnosis of Grave's disease. Which type of Hypersensitivity reaction is
this? - ANSWERType 2
Which of the following is a type III hypersensitivity reaction? -
ANSWERGlomerulonephritis
,Which of the following statement is true regarding Type IV Reactions? - ANSWERThe
reaction is mediated by T lymphocytes
Which of the following statements are true regarding exotoxins? - ANSWERdamage cell
membranes, activate second messengers, inhibit protein synthesis
immunity is produced by an individual after natural exposure to an antigen or after
immunization - ANSWERActive
immunity produces immunoglobulins that bind to antigens and neutralize their effects -
ANSWERHumoral
stimulates the proliferation of T cells and B cells during inflammation -
ANSWERInterleukins
Catecholamines decrease which of the following immune system cells during chronic
stress? - ANSWERNatural Killer cells
interfere with insulin signaling leading to insulin resistance in stress, obesity, and Type 2
Diabetes. - ANSWERPro-inflammatory cytokines
what type of immunity is produced when an immunoglobulin crosses the placenta? -
ANSWERPassive acquired
the normal microbiome - ANSWERThe body's surfaces are colonized with a variety of
microorganisms, Surfaces, such as skin and mucous membranes of eyes, upper and
lower GI tracts, urethra and vagina are colonized by a combination of bacteria and fungi
that are unique to a particular location and individual.
If immunocompromised the microbiome can lead to - ANSWERopportunistic infections
or loss of integrity of the body surface areas.
Type 1 hypersensitivity example - ANSWERseasonal rhinitis
Type 1 hypersensitivity - ANSWERIgE mediated, binds to mast cell which causes release
of histamine and other inflammatory cytokines
Eosinphils are active in which hypersensitivity? - ANSWERType 1
Histamine binds to _ to cause allergic reaction - ANSWERH1 receptors
Where are H1 receptors found? - ANSWERsmooth muscle, endothelium, bronchial lining,
oral mucosa
act to prevent over reactions in the smooth muscle contractions brought on by histamine
binding to H1 receptors - ANSWERH2 receptors
histamine binding to H1 causes - ANSWERsmooth muscle contraction
histamine binding to H2 causes - ANSWERsmooth muscle relaxation, avoids anaphylaxis
, H2 blocker examples - ANSWERpepcid
H1 is - ANSWERpro-inflammatory
H2 is - ANSWERantiinflammatory
Type 2 hypersensitivity is - ANSWERtissue specific; a specific cell or tissue is the target
of an immune response
Symptoms of many type II reactions are - ANSWERdetermined by the tissue or organ
being targeted.
In type 2 hypersensitivity reactions antibodies bind to - ANSWERtissue specific antigens
IgG and IgM and complement cascade are active in - ANSWERtype 2 reactions to destroy
cell membrane and initiate lysis of cell
Examples of type 2 hypersensitivity reactions - ANSWERAutoimmune hemolytic anemia
or transfusion reactions (RBCs are destroyed by complement mediated lysis)
Type 3 hypersensitivity is - ANSWERimmune-complex mediated; antigen-antibody
complex not formed immune complexes form in the circulation and later are deposited to
vessels walls
Type III reactions are not - specific - ANSWERorgan
cell damage in type III reactions are due to - ANSWERcomplement activation, chemotaxis
generated for neutrophils and lysosomal enzymes once in tissues
Examples of type III reactions include - ANSWERrepeated IV administration of drugs,
lupus, glomerulonephritis, think generalized symptoms with rash
Type 4 hypersensitivity - ANSWERcell mediated by T lymphocytes involve cytotoxic t
cells, and other t cells which activate macrophages
example of type 4 hypersensitivity reaction - ANSWERgraft rejections, poison ivy,
rheumatoid arthritis, hashimotos, insulin resistance
T cells that work against the - are responsible for insulin dependent (type I) diabetes
mellitus. - ANSWERpancreatic beta cells
Clinical manifestations of g6pd deficiency - ANSWERacute hemolytic anemia is most
common, usually due to administration of oxidative drugs, fava bean can produce severe
response in children with this deficiency
Rheumatoid arthritis is due to T cells that work against - found in the joints. -
ANSWERcollagen
histamine is a - ANSWERearly responder in allergic reactions
UTMB ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 5355
ACTUAL EXAM 2024 REAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) A NEW UPDATED VERSION
|GUARANTEED PASS A+ (ACTUAL EXAM)
The effects of vasodilation during an inflammatory response cause which of the
following? - ANSWERSlower blood viscosity
Which of the following is a role of histamine when released by mast cells? -
ANSWERIncreased Vascular Permeability
Which of the following results when histamine attaches to the H1 receptor? -
ANSWERSmooth muscle contraction, increased chemotaxis, stimulation of
prostaglandin synthesis
Which chemical mediator is responsible for prolonged asthma symptoms such as
bronchoconstriction and inflammation? - ANSWERLeukotrienes
Which of the following are an active modulator of allergic reactions in the immune
system? - ANSWEREosinophils
directs movement of cells along a chemical gradient attracting eosinophils and
neutrophils to the site of inflammation. - ANSWERChemotaxis
What are the functions of interferons? - ANSWERProtect against viral infection, modulate
inflammatory response
Your patient has seasonal allergic rhinitis. Which type of hypersensitivity reaction is
this? - ANSWERType 1
Your patient has diagnosis of Grave's disease. Which type of Hypersensitivity reaction is
this? - ANSWERType 2
Which of the following is a type III hypersensitivity reaction? -
ANSWERGlomerulonephritis
,Which of the following statement is true regarding Type IV Reactions? - ANSWERThe
reaction is mediated by T lymphocytes
Which of the following statements are true regarding exotoxins? - ANSWERdamage cell
membranes, activate second messengers, inhibit protein synthesis
immunity is produced by an individual after natural exposure to an antigen or after
immunization - ANSWERActive
immunity produces immunoglobulins that bind to antigens and neutralize their effects -
ANSWERHumoral
stimulates the proliferation of T cells and B cells during inflammation -
ANSWERInterleukins
Catecholamines decrease which of the following immune system cells during chronic
stress? - ANSWERNatural Killer cells
interfere with insulin signaling leading to insulin resistance in stress, obesity, and Type 2
Diabetes. - ANSWERPro-inflammatory cytokines
what type of immunity is produced when an immunoglobulin crosses the placenta? -
ANSWERPassive acquired
the normal microbiome - ANSWERThe body's surfaces are colonized with a variety of
microorganisms, Surfaces, such as skin and mucous membranes of eyes, upper and
lower GI tracts, urethra and vagina are colonized by a combination of bacteria and fungi
that are unique to a particular location and individual.
If immunocompromised the microbiome can lead to - ANSWERopportunistic infections
or loss of integrity of the body surface areas.
Type 1 hypersensitivity example - ANSWERseasonal rhinitis
Type 1 hypersensitivity - ANSWERIgE mediated, binds to mast cell which causes release
of histamine and other inflammatory cytokines
Eosinphils are active in which hypersensitivity? - ANSWERType 1
Histamine binds to _ to cause allergic reaction - ANSWERH1 receptors
Where are H1 receptors found? - ANSWERsmooth muscle, endothelium, bronchial lining,
oral mucosa
act to prevent over reactions in the smooth muscle contractions brought on by histamine
binding to H1 receptors - ANSWERH2 receptors
histamine binding to H1 causes - ANSWERsmooth muscle contraction
histamine binding to H2 causes - ANSWERsmooth muscle relaxation, avoids anaphylaxis
, H2 blocker examples - ANSWERpepcid
H1 is - ANSWERpro-inflammatory
H2 is - ANSWERantiinflammatory
Type 2 hypersensitivity is - ANSWERtissue specific; a specific cell or tissue is the target
of an immune response
Symptoms of many type II reactions are - ANSWERdetermined by the tissue or organ
being targeted.
In type 2 hypersensitivity reactions antibodies bind to - ANSWERtissue specific antigens
IgG and IgM and complement cascade are active in - ANSWERtype 2 reactions to destroy
cell membrane and initiate lysis of cell
Examples of type 2 hypersensitivity reactions - ANSWERAutoimmune hemolytic anemia
or transfusion reactions (RBCs are destroyed by complement mediated lysis)
Type 3 hypersensitivity is - ANSWERimmune-complex mediated; antigen-antibody
complex not formed immune complexes form in the circulation and later are deposited to
vessels walls
Type III reactions are not - specific - ANSWERorgan
cell damage in type III reactions are due to - ANSWERcomplement activation, chemotaxis
generated for neutrophils and lysosomal enzymes once in tissues
Examples of type III reactions include - ANSWERrepeated IV administration of drugs,
lupus, glomerulonephritis, think generalized symptoms with rash
Type 4 hypersensitivity - ANSWERcell mediated by T lymphocytes involve cytotoxic t
cells, and other t cells which activate macrophages
example of type 4 hypersensitivity reaction - ANSWERgraft rejections, poison ivy,
rheumatoid arthritis, hashimotos, insulin resistance
T cells that work against the - are responsible for insulin dependent (type I) diabetes
mellitus. - ANSWERpancreatic beta cells
Clinical manifestations of g6pd deficiency - ANSWERacute hemolytic anemia is most
common, usually due to administration of oxidative drugs, fava bean can produce severe
response in children with this deficiency
Rheumatoid arthritis is due to T cells that work against - found in the joints. -
ANSWERcollagen
histamine is a - ANSWERearly responder in allergic reactions
