Midterm Exam: NR565/ NR 565 Advanced
Pharmacology Care of the Fundamentals Exam |
Questions and Verified Answers (2024/ 2025
Update)- Chamberlain
Which schedule drugs can APRNs prescribe? - ANSWER
Varies state by state
May include schedule II-V, but never schedule I
Who determines and regulates prescriptive authority? - ANSWER
The state's health professional board
How does limited prescriptive authority impact patients within the healthcare
system? - ANSWER Creates numerous barriers to
quality, affordable, and accessible patient care
May prevent outreach to areas of greatest need
Physician approval of prescriptions can increase patient waits
,What are the key responsibilities of prescribing? - ANSWER
A sound understanding of drugs and the conditions that they are used to manage
Be deliberate in decision-making process
Do not prescribe for family or friends
Document thorough history and physical for the records, including education
provided on drug
Have a documented plan for monitoring and titration
What should be used in making prescribing decisions? - ANSWER
Cost, follow current guidelines, availability, interactions, side effects, allergies,
hepatic/renal function, need for monitoring, special populations
PK and PD changes in older adults and how that affects how you prescribe? -
ANSWER Very high risk of adverse drug reactions and drug-
drug interactions
D/t altered PK, multiple and severe illnesses, polypharmacy, poor adherence
Beer's Criteria - ANSWER List of potentially
inappropriate medications to use in the older populations
,Updated annually
Prescribers ultimately decide whether to prescribe or not
Impacts/outcomes of polypharmacy? - ANSWER
Increased ADRs and drug-drug interactions
What are CYP450? - ANSWER Enzymes responsible for
drug metabolism (biotransformation)-oxidization, reduction, hydrolyzed to
promote renal dug excretion
Hepatic enzyme system, composed of 12 enzyme families
What do CYP450 enzymes do? - ANSWER Promote drug
excretion by making them more "excretable"--hydrophilic/water soluble and
charged (ion)
Inactivate drugs, increase therapeutic action through metabolism, activate a
prodrug, decrease drug toxicity
, CYP450 inhibitor examples? - ANSWER VISA credit card
debt inhibits spending on designers like CK to look GQ
Valproate
Isoniazid
Sulfonamides
Amiodarone
Chloramphenicol
Ketoconzaole
Grapefruit juice
Quinidine
What do CYP450 inhibitors do? - ANSWER Decrease the
rate of metabolism
Act on liver through process of inhibition
Slows rate of metabolism, increases active drug accumulation which can lead to
adverse reactions and drug toxicity
What do CYP450 inhibitors do if not used correctly? - ANSWER
Can lead to adverse effects and drug toxicity
Pharmacology Care of the Fundamentals Exam |
Questions and Verified Answers (2024/ 2025
Update)- Chamberlain
Which schedule drugs can APRNs prescribe? - ANSWER
Varies state by state
May include schedule II-V, but never schedule I
Who determines and regulates prescriptive authority? - ANSWER
The state's health professional board
How does limited prescriptive authority impact patients within the healthcare
system? - ANSWER Creates numerous barriers to
quality, affordable, and accessible patient care
May prevent outreach to areas of greatest need
Physician approval of prescriptions can increase patient waits
,What are the key responsibilities of prescribing? - ANSWER
A sound understanding of drugs and the conditions that they are used to manage
Be deliberate in decision-making process
Do not prescribe for family or friends
Document thorough history and physical for the records, including education
provided on drug
Have a documented plan for monitoring and titration
What should be used in making prescribing decisions? - ANSWER
Cost, follow current guidelines, availability, interactions, side effects, allergies,
hepatic/renal function, need for monitoring, special populations
PK and PD changes in older adults and how that affects how you prescribe? -
ANSWER Very high risk of adverse drug reactions and drug-
drug interactions
D/t altered PK, multiple and severe illnesses, polypharmacy, poor adherence
Beer's Criteria - ANSWER List of potentially
inappropriate medications to use in the older populations
,Updated annually
Prescribers ultimately decide whether to prescribe or not
Impacts/outcomes of polypharmacy? - ANSWER
Increased ADRs and drug-drug interactions
What are CYP450? - ANSWER Enzymes responsible for
drug metabolism (biotransformation)-oxidization, reduction, hydrolyzed to
promote renal dug excretion
Hepatic enzyme system, composed of 12 enzyme families
What do CYP450 enzymes do? - ANSWER Promote drug
excretion by making them more "excretable"--hydrophilic/water soluble and
charged (ion)
Inactivate drugs, increase therapeutic action through metabolism, activate a
prodrug, decrease drug toxicity
, CYP450 inhibitor examples? - ANSWER VISA credit card
debt inhibits spending on designers like CK to look GQ
Valproate
Isoniazid
Sulfonamides
Amiodarone
Chloramphenicol
Ketoconzaole
Grapefruit juice
Quinidine
What do CYP450 inhibitors do? - ANSWER Decrease the
rate of metabolism
Act on liver through process of inhibition
Slows rate of metabolism, increases active drug accumulation which can lead to
adverse reactions and drug toxicity
What do CYP450 inhibitors do if not used correctly? - ANSWER
Can lead to adverse effects and drug toxicity
