CARDIOPULMONARY ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY
ESSENTIALS OF RESPIRATORY CARE UPDATED
EXAM 2023-2024
what are the upper airway primary functions - ANSWER-Conduction of air
humidify and warm inspired air
prevents foreign material from entering the tracheobronchial tree
to facilitate speech and smell
What are the three parts that the pharynx divided into - ANSWER-Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx
nasopharynx - ANSWER-Is positioned between the posterior portion of the nasal
cavity and superior portion of the soft palate.
The primary function of the respiratory system is - ANSWER-to promote gas
exchange
move oxygen (O²) into the lungs
blood removal of carbon dioxide (CO²) from the lungs.
Conducting airway divided into: - ANSWER-Upper airway
Lower airways
The upper airway consists of - ANSWER-nose
oral cavity
pharynx
larynx
oropharynx - ANSWER-Oropharynx lies between the soft palate superiorly and
the base of the tongue inferiorly
laryngopharynx (hypopharynx) - ANSWER-Or (hypopharynx) lies between the
base of the tongue and the entrance of the esophagus. The epiglottis is the
upper part of the larynx and is positioned
Epiglottis - ANSWER-is the upper part of the larynx and is positioned
Larynx (voice box) - ANSWER-located between the base of the tongue and
the upper end of the trachea
, Three functions of the larynx: - ANSWER-passageway of air between the pharynx
and the trachea
protects against aspiration of solids and liquids; closure during exhalation
(Valsalva's maneuver)
generates speech
The larynx is lined by a mucous membrane that forms two pairs of folds. -
ANSWER-False vocal cords are the upper pair.
True vocal cords are the lower pair.
The space between the true vocal cords is referred to as the glottis.
In the adult the glottis is the narrowest point of the larynx.
The larynx consists of nine cartilages. - ANSWER-
noncartilaginous airways - ANSWER-airways; conducts the air and provides gas
exchange.
cartilaginous airways; - ANSWER-serve only to conduct air between the external
environment and the sites of gas exchange.
tracheal and bronchial - ANSWER-reinforce respiratory passages
cartilaginous layer - ANSWER-outer-most layer of the tracheobronchial
tree,diminishes in size, becomes absent at bronchioles
The cartilaginous layer is the outer most layer of the tracheobronchial tree. -
ANSWER-consists of the trachea, main stem bronchi, lobar bronchi, segmental
bronchi, and subsegmental bronchi.
It divides into the right and left bronchi called - ANSWER-Carnina
main stem bronchi - ANSWER-At the trachea, two major bronchi distribute air
into the right and left lungs. The angle of the right bronchus from the trachea is
less than the left bronchus.
The right bronchus is wider, more vertical, and 5 cm shorter than the left
bronchus.
Lobar Bronchi (2nd generation) - ANSWER-right bronchus divides into upper,
middle and lower lobar bronchi
left bronchus divides into upper and lower lobar bronchi
Segmental Bronchi (3rd generation) - ANSWER-Branch off from the lobar
There are 10 segmental bronchi in the right lung
There are 8 segmental bronchi in the left lung
ESSENTIALS OF RESPIRATORY CARE UPDATED
EXAM 2023-2024
what are the upper airway primary functions - ANSWER-Conduction of air
humidify and warm inspired air
prevents foreign material from entering the tracheobronchial tree
to facilitate speech and smell
What are the three parts that the pharynx divided into - ANSWER-Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx
nasopharynx - ANSWER-Is positioned between the posterior portion of the nasal
cavity and superior portion of the soft palate.
The primary function of the respiratory system is - ANSWER-to promote gas
exchange
move oxygen (O²) into the lungs
blood removal of carbon dioxide (CO²) from the lungs.
Conducting airway divided into: - ANSWER-Upper airway
Lower airways
The upper airway consists of - ANSWER-nose
oral cavity
pharynx
larynx
oropharynx - ANSWER-Oropharynx lies between the soft palate superiorly and
the base of the tongue inferiorly
laryngopharynx (hypopharynx) - ANSWER-Or (hypopharynx) lies between the
base of the tongue and the entrance of the esophagus. The epiglottis is the
upper part of the larynx and is positioned
Epiglottis - ANSWER-is the upper part of the larynx and is positioned
Larynx (voice box) - ANSWER-located between the base of the tongue and
the upper end of the trachea
, Three functions of the larynx: - ANSWER-passageway of air between the pharynx
and the trachea
protects against aspiration of solids and liquids; closure during exhalation
(Valsalva's maneuver)
generates speech
The larynx is lined by a mucous membrane that forms two pairs of folds. -
ANSWER-False vocal cords are the upper pair.
True vocal cords are the lower pair.
The space between the true vocal cords is referred to as the glottis.
In the adult the glottis is the narrowest point of the larynx.
The larynx consists of nine cartilages. - ANSWER-
noncartilaginous airways - ANSWER-airways; conducts the air and provides gas
exchange.
cartilaginous airways; - ANSWER-serve only to conduct air between the external
environment and the sites of gas exchange.
tracheal and bronchial - ANSWER-reinforce respiratory passages
cartilaginous layer - ANSWER-outer-most layer of the tracheobronchial
tree,diminishes in size, becomes absent at bronchioles
The cartilaginous layer is the outer most layer of the tracheobronchial tree. -
ANSWER-consists of the trachea, main stem bronchi, lobar bronchi, segmental
bronchi, and subsegmental bronchi.
It divides into the right and left bronchi called - ANSWER-Carnina
main stem bronchi - ANSWER-At the trachea, two major bronchi distribute air
into the right and left lungs. The angle of the right bronchus from the trachea is
less than the left bronchus.
The right bronchus is wider, more vertical, and 5 cm shorter than the left
bronchus.
Lobar Bronchi (2nd generation) - ANSWER-right bronchus divides into upper,
middle and lower lobar bronchi
left bronchus divides into upper and lower lobar bronchi
Segmental Bronchi (3rd generation) - ANSWER-Branch off from the lobar
There are 10 segmental bronchi in the right lung
There are 8 segmental bronchi in the left lung
