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Test Bank Advanced Physiology and Pathophysiology
Essentials for Clinical Practice 2nd Edition (Tkacs)
All Chapters 1-17
1 of 104 9/12/2024, 4:39
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CHAPTER 1. THE FOUNDATIONAL CONCEPTS OF CLINICAL
PRACTICE
1. The characteristic, localized cardinal signs of acute inflammation include:
A) fever.
B) fatigue.
C) redness.
D) granuloma.
2. The vascular, hemodynamic stage of acute inflammation is initiated by
momentary vasoconstriction followed by vasodilation that causes localized:
A) bleeding.
B) congestion.
C) pale skin.
D) coolness.
3. The cellular stage of acute inflammation is marked by the movement of
leukocytes into the area. Which of the following cells arrives early in great
numbers?
A) Basophils
B) Lymphocytes
C) Neutrophils
D) Platelets
2 of 104 9/12/2024, 4:39
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4. The phagocytosis process involves three distinct steps. What is the initialstep
in the process?
A) Engulfment
B) Intracellular killing
C) Antigen margination
D) Recognition and adherence
5. Which of the following mediators of inflammation causes increased capillary
permeability and pain?
A) Serotonin
B) Histamine
C) Bradykinin
D) Nitric oxide
6. Inflammatory exudates are a combination of several types. Which of the
following exudates is composed of enmeshed necrotic cells?
A) Serous
B) Fibrinous
C) Suppurative
D) Membranous
7. The acute-phase systemic response usually begins within hours of the onsetof
inflammation and includes:
A) fever and lethargy.
B) decreased C-reactive protein.
C) positive nitrogen balance.
D) low erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
8. In contrast to acute inflammation, chronic inflammation is characterized by
which of the following phenomena?
3 of 104 9/12/2024, 4:39
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A) Profuse fibrinous exudation
B) A shift to the left of granulocytes
C) Metabolic and respiratory alkalosis
D) Lymphocytosis and activated macrophages
9. Exogenous pyrogens (interleukin-1) and the presence of bacteria in the bloodlead
to the release of endogenous pyrogens that:
A) stabilize thermal control in the brain.
B) produce leukocytosis and anorexia.
C) block viral replication in cells.
D) inhibit prostaglandin release.
10 An older adult patient has just sheared the skin on her elbow while attempted
. to boost herself up in bed, an event that has precipitated acute inflammationin
the region surrounding the wound. Which of the following events will occur
during the vascular stage of the patients inflammation?
A) Outpouring of exudate into interstitial spaces
B) Chemotaxis
C) Accumulation of leukocytes along the epithelium
D) Phagocytosis of cellular debris
11 Which of the following individuals most likely has the highest risk of
. experiencing chronic inflammation?
A) A patient who has recently been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes
B) A patient who is a carrier of an antibiotic-resistant organism
C) A patient who is taking oral antibiotics for an upper respiratory infection
D) A patient who is morbidly obese and who has a sedentary lifestyle
12 Which of the following core body temperatures is within normal range?
.
A) 35.9C (96.6F)
4 of 104 9/12/2024, 4:39
Test Bank Advanced Physiology and Pathophysiology
Essentials for Clinical Practice 2nd Edition (Tkacs)
All Chapters 1-17
1 of 104 9/12/2024, 4:39
,Test Bank for Advanced Physiology and Pathophysiology Essentials for... file:///C:/Users/HP/Downloads/Test%20Bank%20for%20Advanced%
CHAPTER 1. THE FOUNDATIONAL CONCEPTS OF CLINICAL
PRACTICE
1. The characteristic, localized cardinal signs of acute inflammation include:
A) fever.
B) fatigue.
C) redness.
D) granuloma.
2. The vascular, hemodynamic stage of acute inflammation is initiated by
momentary vasoconstriction followed by vasodilation that causes localized:
A) bleeding.
B) congestion.
C) pale skin.
D) coolness.
3. The cellular stage of acute inflammation is marked by the movement of
leukocytes into the area. Which of the following cells arrives early in great
numbers?
A) Basophils
B) Lymphocytes
C) Neutrophils
D) Platelets
2 of 104 9/12/2024, 4:39
,Test Bank for Advanced Physiology and Pathophysiology Essentials for... file:///C:/Users/HP/Downloads/Test%20Bank%20for%20Advanced%
4. The phagocytosis process involves three distinct steps. What is the initialstep
in the process?
A) Engulfment
B) Intracellular killing
C) Antigen margination
D) Recognition and adherence
5. Which of the following mediators of inflammation causes increased capillary
permeability and pain?
A) Serotonin
B) Histamine
C) Bradykinin
D) Nitric oxide
6. Inflammatory exudates are a combination of several types. Which of the
following exudates is composed of enmeshed necrotic cells?
A) Serous
B) Fibrinous
C) Suppurative
D) Membranous
7. The acute-phase systemic response usually begins within hours of the onsetof
inflammation and includes:
A) fever and lethargy.
B) decreased C-reactive protein.
C) positive nitrogen balance.
D) low erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
8. In contrast to acute inflammation, chronic inflammation is characterized by
which of the following phenomena?
3 of 104 9/12/2024, 4:39
,Test Bank for Advanced Physiology and Pathophysiology Essentials for... file:///C:/Users/HP/Downloads/Test%20Bank%20for%20Advanced%
A) Profuse fibrinous exudation
B) A shift to the left of granulocytes
C) Metabolic and respiratory alkalosis
D) Lymphocytosis and activated macrophages
9. Exogenous pyrogens (interleukin-1) and the presence of bacteria in the bloodlead
to the release of endogenous pyrogens that:
A) stabilize thermal control in the brain.
B) produce leukocytosis and anorexia.
C) block viral replication in cells.
D) inhibit prostaglandin release.
10 An older adult patient has just sheared the skin on her elbow while attempted
. to boost herself up in bed, an event that has precipitated acute inflammationin
the region surrounding the wound. Which of the following events will occur
during the vascular stage of the patients inflammation?
A) Outpouring of exudate into interstitial spaces
B) Chemotaxis
C) Accumulation of leukocytes along the epithelium
D) Phagocytosis of cellular debris
11 Which of the following individuals most likely has the highest risk of
. experiencing chronic inflammation?
A) A patient who has recently been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes
B) A patient who is a carrier of an antibiotic-resistant organism
C) A patient who is taking oral antibiotics for an upper respiratory infection
D) A patient who is morbidly obese and who has a sedentary lifestyle
12 Which of the following core body temperatures is within normal range?
.
A) 35.9C (96.6F)
4 of 104 9/12/2024, 4:39
