NSG 214 - Heart and Neck Vessels-Questions with Correct Answers/
Verified/ Latest Update 2024/2025
absolute refractory - ✔️✔️period when the heart can't contract/depolarize bc it just did
relative refractory - ✔️✔️period after absolute refractory when the cell or node is partially
polarized/relaxed and it may contract/depolarize depending on how relaxed it is
which lead do we read for ECGs - ✔️✔️lead 2
S1 - ✔️✔️the first heart sound, heard when the atrioventricular (mitral and tricuspid)
valves close
S2 - ✔️✔️second heart sound, when the aoritc and pulmonary valves close
pace of SA Node - ✔️✔️60-100 bpm
pace of AV node - ✔️✔️40-60 bpm
pace of ventricles - ✔️✔️20-40 bpm
PVC - ✔️✔️premature ventricular contraction
systolic murmurs - ✔️✔️- aortic/pulmonic stenosis: narrow valve makes it hard to squeeze
blood
- mitral/bicuspid regurgitation: valve are incompetent
diastolic murmurs - ✔️✔️- Aortic/pulmonic regurgitation
- Mitral stenosis
APE To MAn - ✔️✔️aortic, pulmonic, erb's point, tricuspid, mitral, apex
, ischemia - ✔️✔️- clot in blood vessels and is indicated by a flipped t wave
stemi - ✔️✔️- clot is so big and has been present for so long that the surrounding muscle is
injured
- will cause an elevated ST segment bc the injury has infarted the muscle all the way through
pathological p wave - ✔️✔️- seen after an infarction
-half the height of the r wave
S4 - ✔️✔️an abnormal heart sound heard before systole or after diastole
S3 - ✔️✔️an abnormal heart sounds heard after systole or before diastole
how does v-tach and v-fib differ on how it effects a pt - ✔️✔️a v-tach pt may be conscious
if a pulse is present and a v-fib pt will be unconscious
heart placement - ✔️✔️2nd to the 5th intercostal space from the right border of the
sternum to the left midclavicular line
base of the heart - ✔️✔️top of the heart
apex - ✔️✔️bottom of the heart
precordium - ✔️✔️area of the chest wall overlying the heart and great vessels
Mediastinum - ✔️✔️area between the lungs containing the heart, aorta, venae cavae,
esophagus, and trachea
right and left cardiac borders - ✔️✔️right side is anterior and left side is mostly posterior
Verified/ Latest Update 2024/2025
absolute refractory - ✔️✔️period when the heart can't contract/depolarize bc it just did
relative refractory - ✔️✔️period after absolute refractory when the cell or node is partially
polarized/relaxed and it may contract/depolarize depending on how relaxed it is
which lead do we read for ECGs - ✔️✔️lead 2
S1 - ✔️✔️the first heart sound, heard when the atrioventricular (mitral and tricuspid)
valves close
S2 - ✔️✔️second heart sound, when the aoritc and pulmonary valves close
pace of SA Node - ✔️✔️60-100 bpm
pace of AV node - ✔️✔️40-60 bpm
pace of ventricles - ✔️✔️20-40 bpm
PVC - ✔️✔️premature ventricular contraction
systolic murmurs - ✔️✔️- aortic/pulmonic stenosis: narrow valve makes it hard to squeeze
blood
- mitral/bicuspid regurgitation: valve are incompetent
diastolic murmurs - ✔️✔️- Aortic/pulmonic regurgitation
- Mitral stenosis
APE To MAn - ✔️✔️aortic, pulmonic, erb's point, tricuspid, mitral, apex
, ischemia - ✔️✔️- clot in blood vessels and is indicated by a flipped t wave
stemi - ✔️✔️- clot is so big and has been present for so long that the surrounding muscle is
injured
- will cause an elevated ST segment bc the injury has infarted the muscle all the way through
pathological p wave - ✔️✔️- seen after an infarction
-half the height of the r wave
S4 - ✔️✔️an abnormal heart sound heard before systole or after diastole
S3 - ✔️✔️an abnormal heart sounds heard after systole or before diastole
how does v-tach and v-fib differ on how it effects a pt - ✔️✔️a v-tach pt may be conscious
if a pulse is present and a v-fib pt will be unconscious
heart placement - ✔️✔️2nd to the 5th intercostal space from the right border of the
sternum to the left midclavicular line
base of the heart - ✔️✔️top of the heart
apex - ✔️✔️bottom of the heart
precordium - ✔️✔️area of the chest wall overlying the heart and great vessels
Mediastinum - ✔️✔️area between the lungs containing the heart, aorta, venae cavae,
esophagus, and trachea
right and left cardiac borders - ✔️✔️right side is anterior and left side is mostly posterior
