2023 AQA A-LEVEL GEOGRAPHY 7037/2 PAPER 2 HUMAN GEOGRAPHY QUESTION PAPER & MARKING SCHEME/ [MERGED] MARL SCHEME JUNE 2023

2023 AQA A-LEVEL GEOGRAPHY 7037/2 PAPER 2 HUMAN GEOGRAPHY QUESTION PAPER & MARKING SCHEME/ [MERGED] MARL SCHEME JUNE 2023 Place - ANSWER-A location which has different meanings to various people. Placemaking - ANSWER-The deliberate shaping of an environment to facilitate social interaction and improve a community's quality of life. locale - ANSWER-Locations that are associated with everyday activities and are shaped by the people, culture and customs within it. Sense of place - ANSWER-the subjective and emotional attachment to a place which gives it meaning. Doreen Massey - ANSWER-Places are dynamic processes Places have multiple identities Places have no boundaries Placelessness - ANSWER-Defined by geographer Edward Relph as the loss of uniqueness of place in the cultural landscape. Positionality - ANSWER-Factors such as age, gender, race that influence how we perceive different places. genius loci - ANSWER-the spirit of a place - develop a sense of place and suggests every place has a unique spirit or atmosphere. Clone town - ANSWER-settlements where the high street is dominated by chain stores- placelessness. Globalisation has created these homogenised places. Totnes, Devon - ANSWER-An area that is resisting the power of globalisation e.g. it's anti-Costa campaign in 2012 that succeeded. Bristol pound - ANSWER-A local currency that aims to encourage people to shop locally and support independent businesses. Glocalisation - ANSWER-The modification of global products and ideas to suit local conditions. E.g. McDonald's have removed pork from the menu in Muslim countries. Near place - ANSWER-places that feel like home, where people would live in a similar way to which we live. We feel secure and this has a prop for our identity. Form our national identity as a country. Far place - ANSWER-Places we see as foreign, alien and different. Experienced place - ANSWER-Places we have been to and developed our own sense of place, emotional attachment, change previous perceptions, genius loci. Media place - ANSWER-Places we have formed a perception of based on what we see in the media, makes world seem smaller, more understanding of the world. Outsider characteristics - ANSWER-Feelings of alienation and not belonging, sense of place may come from media representations. E.g. a recent immigrant who doesn't understand the culture and may feel excluded from the place. Nationalism - ANSWER-A strong feeling of pride in and devotion to one's country which creates a sense of national consciousness. E.g. patriotism, Welsh language. Regionalism - ANSWER-loyalty to a particular region Localism - ANSWER-An affection for or emotional ownership of a particular place. Can be represented in NIMBYSM - where people are reluctant to have their local area affected by development. People have identified more with their local area because they have greater knowledge of it. endogenous factors - ANSWER-Factors that originate from within a place. Over time they will be shaped by exogenous factors. E.g. topography, demographic characteristics, infrastructure.