ISSA PTR256: Specialist in Senior Fitness:exam questions and answers 2024/2025

ISSA PTR256: Specialist in Senior Fitness:exam questions and answers 2024/2025 T/F: Inactivity and poor diet account for at least 300,000 deaths every year in the U.S. - ANSWERS True T/F: More than 60 percent of U.S. adults engage in the recommended amount of activity. - ANSWERS False Approximately what percentage of Americans are not active at all? - ANSWERS 40% t/f: Physical inactivity is more common in older adults than it is in younger adults. - ANSWERS true t/f: Social support from family and friends is negatively related to regular physical activity. - ANSWERS false Aging affects the function of which of the following? - ANSWERS All body systems T/F: Research shows that men and women in their seventies and eighties can achieve levels of vigor associated with people 30 years younger. - ANSWERS True Clients have several ages: 1) chronological age, 2) physiological age, 3) emotional age, and - ANSWERS 4) INTELLECTUAL age. The Surgeon General has estimated that close to _____% of our most dreaded diseases could be prevented with appropriate lifestyle changes, such as diet and exercise. - ANSWERS 85 t/f: Independence is a major factor in the aging population and can be maintained with regular strength training and exercise. - ANSWERS true t/f: While aging is inevitable, as much as 70 percent of the way and individual ages is connected to lifestyle. - ANSWERS true t/f: As aging occurs, the joints stiffen and bone density decreases, often resulting in a loss of height and stooped posture. - ANSWERS true t/f: Metabolism increases as we age. - ANSWERS False What is a common biomarker of normal aging? - ANSWERS Decreased muscle mass Decreased bone mass, osteoporosis Increased body fat levels Decreased aerobic capacity Which of the following is true regarding the three phases of the life span? - ANSWERS As a newborn, the longer one lives, the longer they are expected to live Between the ages of 10 and 40, the death rate is generally quite low Between the ages of 40 to 100, the mortality rate climbs very rapidly This programmed and metabolic theory states that a programmed decline in immune system functions leads to an increased vulnerability to infectious disease, resulting in greater age related characteristics that influence death. - ANSWERS Immunological theory t/f: The endocrine life span theory states that biological clocks act through hormones to control the pace of aging. - ANSWERS true What is the error theory example that states that cells and tissues have vital parts that wear out? - ANSWERS wear and tear T/F: The free radicals error theory states that accumulated damage caused by oxygen radicals causes cells, and eventually organs, to stop functioning. - ANSWERS true t/f: Between the ages of 45 and 65, men are more likely to die of heart disease and cancer than women. - ANSWERS true What is the leading cause of death in men age 65 and over? - ANSWERS heart disease t/f: Vital capacity may decline by about 40 percent between the ages of 20 and 70. - ANSWERS true Which of the following physiological variables increases with age? - ANSWERS body fat Type II muscle fibers (fast twitch) have been shown in some studies to decrease as much as ___% by the age of 80 in men who don't actively strength train. - ANSWERS 50% t/f: Hearing loss can begin as early as age 20. - ANSWERS true Which of the following brain conditions is prevalent in the aging population, and accounts for half of all reported cases of dementia? - ANSWERS Alzheimer's t/f: Most researchers suggest that we should not experience a steady decline in health until we are into our eighties. - ANSWERS true t/f: Twelve percent of deaths in Americans can be indirectly related to hypokinetic disease. - ANSWERS true Many of the deleterious effects associated with aging are now being found to be the end result of the effects of hypo-kinetic disease, which is also known as the "___________" syndrome. - ANSWERS couch potato Which of the following is a cardiac risk factor? - ANSWERS obesity high blood pressure smoking Which of the following is NOT a benefit seen in the cardiovascular system with exercise? - ANSWERS increase in resting heart rate t/F: Older adults can see psychological and social benefits from regular exercise. - ANSWERS true Which of the following is a benefit seen in the respiratory system with exercise? - ANSWERS Increase in vital capacity Decrease in breaths per minute (minute ventilation) Decrease in respirator