C431: Healthcare Research and Statistics Topic 4: Evaluation of EVP exam with 100% correct answers already graded A+

external validity the ability to generalize study findings to the population of individuals with similar characteristics represented in the study. DOES THE SAME THING HAPPEN IN OTHER SETTINGS? GENERALIZED internal validity the degree of control an investigator exercises over the condition of an experimental design. INSIDE THE STUDY- ability of the design to test the hypothesis it was designed to test construct validity intangible described as a concept representing something that is not directly observable. LOOKS TO SEE IF WE ARE USING THE APPROPRIATE TOOLS AND INSTRUMENTS TO MEASURE WHAT WE ARE TRYING TO MEASURE. reliability - to be reliable the instrument must prove the same result from one us to the next. Consider the scale used in the clinic to weigh patients. The greater the degree of consistence the more reliable to scale. Validity has to do with whether the instrument measures what it is intended to measure and if it does so both within itself as well as in comparison to other methods of measurement. Bias a form of systematic error that can affect scientific investigations and distort the measurement process. A biased study loses validity in relation to the degree of the bias selection bias occurs when there is a systematic procedural error in the selection of subjects or when a nonrandom (nonprobability) sample is utilized. recall bias a related type of measurement biased caused by the subjects in a study. Patients might not remember completely or accurately the history of their symptoms, exposure or behaviors. publication bias when the determination of whether to publish a study is based on factors other than the quality of the research and the relevance of its findings. Attrition bias individuals drop out of your study, you will have a small sample and a population whose outcomes may be influenced by the decreasing sample size Detection Bias systematic differences btw groups in how outcomes are determined. "if you look hard enough for something, you will likely find it."