Peds Nursing 4 Exam 1 & 2 Respiratory NCLEX questions well answered rated A+

Peds Nursing 4 Exam 1 & 2 Respiratory NCLEX questionsWhen planning care for a 4-month-old child admitted with respiratory distress caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and bronchiolitis, it is essential to include which of the following? a. Give antibiotics. b. Ensure adequate hydration. c. Administer cough syrup. d. Feed 4 oz of formula every 4 hours. - correct answer b. Ensure adequate hydration. *Rational*: When respiratory distress is present, hydration is an essential consideration. Usually infants cannot take fluids by the oral route because of the difficulty breathing. Intravenous fluid administration may be necessary. RSV is a virus, so antibiotics are not beneficial. Cough syrup is not routinely used in RSV. Although fluid and calories are important, an infant with respiratory distress is usually unable to drink this amount of fluid. A humidified atmosphere is recommended for a young child with an upper respiratory tract infection because it a. Liquefies secretions. b. Improves oxygenation. c. Promotes less labored ventilation. d. Soothes inflamed mucous membranes. - correct answer d. Soothes inflamed mucous membranes. *Rational*: Warm or cold mist is useful to soothe the inflamed mucous membranes. Humidification is most useful when hoarseness of laryngeal involvement occurs. Normal saline nose drops should be used to liquefy secretions. The mist particles do not penetrate in sufficient amounts to accomplish this. There is no additional oxygen in the mist therapy commonly used for respiratory tract infections. The primary effect of mist is to soothe the inflamed membranes. A reduction in swelling might ease ventilatory effect, but it is not the primary purpose of the therapy. An appropriate nursing intervention when caring for a child with pneumonia is which of the following? a. Avoiding placing child on the affected side. b. Monitor the respiratory status frequently. c. Place in a Trendelenburg position. d. Administer antitussive agents around the clock. - correct answer b. Monitor the respiratory status frequently. *Rational*: The child's respiratory rate, status, oxygenation, general disposition, and level of activity are frequently monitored. Lying on the affected side may promote comfort by splinting the chest and reducing pleural rubbing. The child should be positioned on the unaffected side up to promote maximum expansion. Children should be placed in a semi-erect position or position of comfort. Antitussives are usually not indicated. What is an appropriate nursing intervention when caring for an infant with an upper respiratory tract infection and elevated temperature? a. Give tepid water baths to reduce fever. b. Encourage fluid intake to maintain caloric needs. c. Have the child wear heavy clothing to prevent chilling. d. Give small amounts of favorite fluids frequently to prevent dehydration. - correct answer d. Give small amounts of favorite fluids frequently to prevent dehydration. *Rational*: Preventing dehydration by small, frequent feedings is an important intervention in a febrile child. Tepid water baths may induce shivering, which raises temperature. Food should not be forced; it may result in the child vomiting. A febrile child should be dressed in light, loose clothing. Which statement accurately expresses the genetic implications of cystic fibrosis (CF)? a. It is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. b. It is a genetic defect found primarily in nonwhite population groups. c. If it is present in a child, both parents are carriers of the defective gene. d. There is a 50% chance that siblings of an affected child will also be affected. - correct answer c. If it is present in a child, both parents are carriers of the defective gene. *Rational*: CF is an autosomal recessive gene inherited from both parents. CF is inherited as an autosomal recessive, not autosomal dominant, trait. CF is found primarily in white populations. An autosomal recessive inheritance patterns means that there is an 25% chance a sibling will be infected but a 50% chance a sibling will be a carrier. One of the goals for children with asthma is to prevent respiratory tract infection. This is because respiratory tract infection does which of the following? a. Increases sensitivity to allergens.