lOMoAR cPSD| 29828812
lOMoAR cPSD| 29828812
GENETICS FINAL EXAMS| GENETICS TEST BANK WITH
FOUR DIFFERENT ACTUAL EXAMS AND 100% CORRECT
ANSWERS| LATEST UPDATE 2024 SCORED A+
Genetics Exam 1
1. Beginning with a monohybrid cross of two true-breeding parents (AA X aa), what proportion of
the F2 generation will be homozygous dominant?
A. 1/8
B. 1/4
C. 1/3
D. 1/2
E. 100%
2. Beginning with a dihybrid cross of two true-breeding parents (AABB X aabb), you recover
progeny in the F2 generation in the phenotypic ratio of 9:3:3:1. This indicates
A. Codominance
B. Independent assortment
C. Incomplete dominance
D. Epistasis
E. Interaction of at least three different alleles
3. The probability of two events occurring are calculated using the multiplication rule when the two
events
A. Are equally likely to occur.
B. Are independent.
C. Are mutually exclusive.
D. Occur at unequal frequencies.
E. The multiplication rule is not applicable to determining probability when applied to
Mendel’s Law of Inheritance.
4. A cell has a nucleus containing pairs of homologous chromosomes and would also be
called a cell.
A. Diploid; germline
B. Diploid: somatic
C. Haploid: somatic
D. Haploid: germline
E. Select this answer if none of the answers A-D are correct.
5. Following DNA replication, the sister chromatids are held together in the specialized region where
the will form to allow attachment of the microtubules during mitosis or meiosis.
A. Telomere
B. Mitotic spindle
C. Nucleus
D. Kinetochore
E. Centriole
6. The process of cell division that ensures that each of the two daughter cells receives a full
complement of chromosomes identical to that of the parent cell is called
A. Meiosis
B. Metaphase
C. Mitosis
D. Non-disjunction
E. Telophase
, lOMoAR cPSD| 29828812
7. Which statement is true concerning the use of a testcross?
A. It is a mating involving an individual known to be homozygous dominant.
B. It is a mating between an F1 progeny and an individual with the genotype of a parent with
a dominant phenotype.
C. It is used to determine if there is an epistatic effect.
D. The phenotype of the progeny from a test cross can determine whether the parent with the
dominant phenotype is heterozygous for the allele responsible for the recessive trait.
E. Select this answer if none of the choices A-D are true.
8. An example of occurs when the expression of the alleles of one gene prevents the
identification of the alleles of another gene.
A. Epistasis
B. Incomplete dominance
C. Penetrance
D. Continuous variation
E. Epigenetics
9. Sometimes an individual possesses a certain genotype, but does not express the expected
phenotype. This genetic phenomenon is referred to as
A. Pleiotropy
B. Mendel’s Paradox
C. Incomplete penetrance
D. Recessive inheritance
E. Incomplete dominance
10. In both mitosis and meiosis, each chromosome replicates to produce two sister chromatids during
, which is part of in the cell cycle.
A. Metaphase; M-phase
B. S-phase; G1
C. S-phase; interphase
D. S-phase; G2
E. S-phase; M-phase
11. During mitosis and meiosis II, occurs when the chromosomes reach the opposite
sides of the cell.
A. S-phase
B. Metaphase
C. Prophase
D. Interphase
E. Telophase
12. Immediately following prophase and prometaphase, the chromosomes migrate to the center of the
cell. This stage of mitosis is known as
A. Anaphase
B. Metaphase
C. Interphase
D. Telophase
E. Out-of-phase
13. One form of color blindness in humans results from an X-linked recessive gene. Which of the
statements below regarding the inheritance of the trait is TRUE?
A. Heterozygous females transmit the allele causing color blindness to all of their daughters.
B. Males that inherit the recessive allele exhibit color blindness.
C. Sons always inherit color blindness from their father.
D. Color blindness occurs more frequently in females than males.
E. Select this answer if none of the choices A-D is true.
, lOMoAR cPSD| 29828812
14. The probability that all three children in a family are girls is
A. 1/16
B. 1/4
C. 1/32
D. 1/64
E. 1/8
Use the following information for the next two questions.
Jr. Scientist has recently found two new varieties of pumpkins. One is a traditional orange while the other is
pure white. She crossed true-breeding strains of each pumpkin and found only orange pumpkins in the F 1
generation. When she intercrossed the F1 pumpkins, she obtained 90 orange pumpkins, 30 yellow
pumpkins, and 40 white pumpkins.
15. This is most likely and example of
A. Dominant epistasis
B. Duplicate recessive epistasis
C. Recessive epistasis
D. Pseudo epistasis
E. Retrograde epistasis
16. Which of the following explanations for formation of white pumpkins is most consistent with the
data?
A. The trait is influenced by at least three different genes.
B. The trait occurs because of a dominant mutation in a gene that produces an inhibitor that
interferes with one of the biochemical steps in the synthesis of the orange pigment.
C. The trait occurs because two genes are required for the coloration. One gene produces a
protein needed to synthesize the pigment, either orange or yellow depending on the
alleles. The second gene makes an enzyme required to deposit the pigment in the skin of
the pumpkin. A recessive mutation in the second gene in the pathway leads to a white
skin on the pumpkin.
D. The data cannot distinguish between answers B and C.
E. None of the above is supported by the data.
17. Which of the following is FALSE about Barr bodies in mammals?
A. Females are genetic mosaics for heterozygous X-linked genes.
B. Females are genetic mosaics for homozygous X-linked genes.
C. Males are genetic mosaics for hemizygous X-linked genes.
D. Females are genetic mosaics for heterozygous autosomal genes.
E. Select this answer if more than one of the answers A-D are false.
18. Junior Scientist mates two haploid strains of yeast. Neither strain is able to synthesize the amino
acid histidine. That is, each haploid strain requires addition of histidine to minimal medium to
grow. However, after crossing the two mutants, the resulting diploid strain grows well on minimal
nutrient medium without the addition of histidine. Which of the following can be confidently
concluded from this experiment?
A. Both auxotrophic mutants have mutations in the same gene, which encodes an enzyme
required for histidine biosynthesis.
B. The auxotrophic mutants have mutations in different genes that each encode an enzyme
required for histidine biosynthesis. This is an example of genetic complementation.
C. For at least one of the mutants, there has been a spontaneous mutation that returned the
gene to the wild-type.
D. The data are best explained as an epistatic interaction.
E. This is a clear example of codominance.
, lOMoAR cPSD| 29828812
Use the following information for the next three questions.
In humans, an allele b for early baldness (“pattern baldness”) is dominant to its allele B in males, but is
recessive in females. Identify the genotype of the indicated individual in the pedigree shown below using
the following key. The question does include a human pedigree (Chapter 6 material), but the question is
based on material from Chapter 5 and you are provided information to help interpret the diagram. HINT:
Two of the three questions can be answered without referring to the pedigree diagram.
A for BB
B for Bb
C for bb
D for either Bb or bb; cannot be determined further by
data provided
E for none of the above.
Square indicates male while circle indicates female. Dark symbols indicate affected individuals
while open symbols indicate unaffected individuals. Horizontal lines indicate each generation. Vertical
lines indicate progeny of the two parents connected by a horizontal line.
19. Affected male I-1 Answer: D
20. Unaffected male II-4 Answer: A
21. Affected female III-2 Answer: C
22. When a flower with yellow petals was crossed with another flower whose petals were red, all the
F1 heterozygotes displayed red petals. The F2 phenotypic ratio of the offspring produced by the
self-fertilization of F1 individuals was: 3 red and 1 yellow. The alleles of this gene exhibit
A. Complete dominance
B. Codominance
C. Incomplete dominance
D. Epistatic interactions
E. Incomplete penetrance
23. If the genotypes of two parents are AabbCcDd and aabbCcdd, what is the probability that a child
will be homozygous recessive for each of the four genes?
A. 1/8
B. 1/16
C. 1/32
D. 1/64
E. Select this answer if none of the choices A-D are correct.
24. How did Mendel obtain true-breeding parents for his genetic experiments with pea plants?
A. He mated two plants that were randomly selected until the desired phenotypic trait was
displayed.
B. He allowed a single plant to be cross-fertilized with a plant with the recessive phenotype
for many generations until the desired trait consistently appeared with every generation.
C. He mated the first two pea plants of each new growing season.
D. He statistically determined the genotypes of each plant to see which were homozygous
for the desired trait.
E. True-breeding parents were plants that exhibited a consistent phenotype generation after
generation.
lOMoAR cPSD| 29828812
GENETICS FINAL EXAMS| GENETICS TEST BANK WITH
FOUR DIFFERENT ACTUAL EXAMS AND 100% CORRECT
ANSWERS| LATEST UPDATE 2024 SCORED A+
Genetics Exam 1
1. Beginning with a monohybrid cross of two true-breeding parents (AA X aa), what proportion of
the F2 generation will be homozygous dominant?
A. 1/8
B. 1/4
C. 1/3
D. 1/2
E. 100%
2. Beginning with a dihybrid cross of two true-breeding parents (AABB X aabb), you recover
progeny in the F2 generation in the phenotypic ratio of 9:3:3:1. This indicates
A. Codominance
B. Independent assortment
C. Incomplete dominance
D. Epistasis
E. Interaction of at least three different alleles
3. The probability of two events occurring are calculated using the multiplication rule when the two
events
A. Are equally likely to occur.
B. Are independent.
C. Are mutually exclusive.
D. Occur at unequal frequencies.
E. The multiplication rule is not applicable to determining probability when applied to
Mendel’s Law of Inheritance.
4. A cell has a nucleus containing pairs of homologous chromosomes and would also be
called a cell.
A. Diploid; germline
B. Diploid: somatic
C. Haploid: somatic
D. Haploid: germline
E. Select this answer if none of the answers A-D are correct.
5. Following DNA replication, the sister chromatids are held together in the specialized region where
the will form to allow attachment of the microtubules during mitosis or meiosis.
A. Telomere
B. Mitotic spindle
C. Nucleus
D. Kinetochore
E. Centriole
6. The process of cell division that ensures that each of the two daughter cells receives a full
complement of chromosomes identical to that of the parent cell is called
A. Meiosis
B. Metaphase
C. Mitosis
D. Non-disjunction
E. Telophase
, lOMoAR cPSD| 29828812
7. Which statement is true concerning the use of a testcross?
A. It is a mating involving an individual known to be homozygous dominant.
B. It is a mating between an F1 progeny and an individual with the genotype of a parent with
a dominant phenotype.
C. It is used to determine if there is an epistatic effect.
D. The phenotype of the progeny from a test cross can determine whether the parent with the
dominant phenotype is heterozygous for the allele responsible for the recessive trait.
E. Select this answer if none of the choices A-D are true.
8. An example of occurs when the expression of the alleles of one gene prevents the
identification of the alleles of another gene.
A. Epistasis
B. Incomplete dominance
C. Penetrance
D. Continuous variation
E. Epigenetics
9. Sometimes an individual possesses a certain genotype, but does not express the expected
phenotype. This genetic phenomenon is referred to as
A. Pleiotropy
B. Mendel’s Paradox
C. Incomplete penetrance
D. Recessive inheritance
E. Incomplete dominance
10. In both mitosis and meiosis, each chromosome replicates to produce two sister chromatids during
, which is part of in the cell cycle.
A. Metaphase; M-phase
B. S-phase; G1
C. S-phase; interphase
D. S-phase; G2
E. S-phase; M-phase
11. During mitosis and meiosis II, occurs when the chromosomes reach the opposite
sides of the cell.
A. S-phase
B. Metaphase
C. Prophase
D. Interphase
E. Telophase
12. Immediately following prophase and prometaphase, the chromosomes migrate to the center of the
cell. This stage of mitosis is known as
A. Anaphase
B. Metaphase
C. Interphase
D. Telophase
E. Out-of-phase
13. One form of color blindness in humans results from an X-linked recessive gene. Which of the
statements below regarding the inheritance of the trait is TRUE?
A. Heterozygous females transmit the allele causing color blindness to all of their daughters.
B. Males that inherit the recessive allele exhibit color blindness.
C. Sons always inherit color blindness from their father.
D. Color blindness occurs more frequently in females than males.
E. Select this answer if none of the choices A-D is true.
, lOMoAR cPSD| 29828812
14. The probability that all three children in a family are girls is
A. 1/16
B. 1/4
C. 1/32
D. 1/64
E. 1/8
Use the following information for the next two questions.
Jr. Scientist has recently found two new varieties of pumpkins. One is a traditional orange while the other is
pure white. She crossed true-breeding strains of each pumpkin and found only orange pumpkins in the F 1
generation. When she intercrossed the F1 pumpkins, she obtained 90 orange pumpkins, 30 yellow
pumpkins, and 40 white pumpkins.
15. This is most likely and example of
A. Dominant epistasis
B. Duplicate recessive epistasis
C. Recessive epistasis
D. Pseudo epistasis
E. Retrograde epistasis
16. Which of the following explanations for formation of white pumpkins is most consistent with the
data?
A. The trait is influenced by at least three different genes.
B. The trait occurs because of a dominant mutation in a gene that produces an inhibitor that
interferes with one of the biochemical steps in the synthesis of the orange pigment.
C. The trait occurs because two genes are required for the coloration. One gene produces a
protein needed to synthesize the pigment, either orange or yellow depending on the
alleles. The second gene makes an enzyme required to deposit the pigment in the skin of
the pumpkin. A recessive mutation in the second gene in the pathway leads to a white
skin on the pumpkin.
D. The data cannot distinguish between answers B and C.
E. None of the above is supported by the data.
17. Which of the following is FALSE about Barr bodies in mammals?
A. Females are genetic mosaics for heterozygous X-linked genes.
B. Females are genetic mosaics for homozygous X-linked genes.
C. Males are genetic mosaics for hemizygous X-linked genes.
D. Females are genetic mosaics for heterozygous autosomal genes.
E. Select this answer if more than one of the answers A-D are false.
18. Junior Scientist mates two haploid strains of yeast. Neither strain is able to synthesize the amino
acid histidine. That is, each haploid strain requires addition of histidine to minimal medium to
grow. However, after crossing the two mutants, the resulting diploid strain grows well on minimal
nutrient medium without the addition of histidine. Which of the following can be confidently
concluded from this experiment?
A. Both auxotrophic mutants have mutations in the same gene, which encodes an enzyme
required for histidine biosynthesis.
B. The auxotrophic mutants have mutations in different genes that each encode an enzyme
required for histidine biosynthesis. This is an example of genetic complementation.
C. For at least one of the mutants, there has been a spontaneous mutation that returned the
gene to the wild-type.
D. The data are best explained as an epistatic interaction.
E. This is a clear example of codominance.
, lOMoAR cPSD| 29828812
Use the following information for the next three questions.
In humans, an allele b for early baldness (“pattern baldness”) is dominant to its allele B in males, but is
recessive in females. Identify the genotype of the indicated individual in the pedigree shown below using
the following key. The question does include a human pedigree (Chapter 6 material), but the question is
based on material from Chapter 5 and you are provided information to help interpret the diagram. HINT:
Two of the three questions can be answered without referring to the pedigree diagram.
A for BB
B for Bb
C for bb
D for either Bb or bb; cannot be determined further by
data provided
E for none of the above.
Square indicates male while circle indicates female. Dark symbols indicate affected individuals
while open symbols indicate unaffected individuals. Horizontal lines indicate each generation. Vertical
lines indicate progeny of the two parents connected by a horizontal line.
19. Affected male I-1 Answer: D
20. Unaffected male II-4 Answer: A
21. Affected female III-2 Answer: C
22. When a flower with yellow petals was crossed with another flower whose petals were red, all the
F1 heterozygotes displayed red petals. The F2 phenotypic ratio of the offspring produced by the
self-fertilization of F1 individuals was: 3 red and 1 yellow. The alleles of this gene exhibit
A. Complete dominance
B. Codominance
C. Incomplete dominance
D. Epistatic interactions
E. Incomplete penetrance
23. If the genotypes of two parents are AabbCcDd and aabbCcdd, what is the probability that a child
will be homozygous recessive for each of the four genes?
A. 1/8
B. 1/16
C. 1/32
D. 1/64
E. Select this answer if none of the choices A-D are correct.
24. How did Mendel obtain true-breeding parents for his genetic experiments with pea plants?
A. He mated two plants that were randomly selected until the desired phenotypic trait was
displayed.
B. He allowed a single plant to be cross-fertilized with a plant with the recessive phenotype
for many generations until the desired trait consistently appeared with every generation.
C. He mated the first two pea plants of each new growing season.
D. He statistically determined the genotypes of each plant to see which were homozygous
for the desired trait.
E. True-breeding parents were plants that exhibited a consistent phenotype generation after
generation.
