SCCJA Pre-Academy Block 3- Prejudice and Personality, Report Writing, Interviewing, Vulnerable Adult, Officer Survival, Drug Enforcement, Crime Scene and Physical Evidence, Hazmat Questions & Answers 2023

SCCJA Pre-Academy Block 3- Prejudice and Personality, Report Writing, Interviewing, Vulnerable Adult, Officer Survival, Drug Enforcement, Crime Scene and Physical Evidence, Hazmat Questions & Answers 2023 Culture - Correct Answer-a characteristic features of everyday existence shared by people in a place or time; the integrated pattern of human knowledge, belief, and behavior that depends upon the capacity for learning and transmitting knowledge to succeeding generations, or the customary beliefs, social forms, and material traits of a racial, religious, or social group Characteristics of culture - Correct Answer-•learned •gives a range of acceptable behaviors •subject to change •can't remain in isolation Prejudice - Correct Answer-A preconceived judgment or opinion, or an adverse opinion or learning formed without just grounds or before sufficient knowledge; it can be favorable or unfavorable and shows a lack of tolerance Personal prejudice - Correct Answer-when members of another racial or ethnic group are perceived as a threat to one's own interests Group prejudice - Correct Answer-When a person conforms to group norms because it appears that is what is expected Stanford Prison Experiment - Correct Answer-study conducted to investigate the effects of becoming a prisoner or prison guard and role playing Brown Eyes, Blue Eyes Experiment - Correct Answer-Study conducted to demonstrate his prejudicial attitudes and intolerance can affect even the youngest of people intolerance - Correct Answer-unwillingness to accept views, beliefs, or behavior that differ from one's own; based on ignorance, indifference, and limited perception ignorance - Correct Answer-lack of knowledge or information indifference - Correct Answer-lack of interest, concern, or sympathy Limited perception - Correct Answer-Perceiving others through a range of limited experiences which ultimately could create stereotyping of an entire group stereotype - Correct Answer-a generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people 3 ways stereotypes change - Correct Answer-• Bookkeeping-slow adjustment as we learn and adapt to new information • Conversion-old stereotypes are thrown away, usually when there is signification contradictory evidence • Subtyping-new stereotype is created as a sub-classification of the original Hate crime - Correct Answer-criminal offense against a person or property motivated in whole or in part by an offender's bias against a race, religion, disability, ethnic origin or sexual orientation Wisconsin v. Mitchell - Correct Answer-court upheld statute providing for higher penalties if a criminal selects a victim because of their race, religion, or sexual orientation Arguments for hate crime legislation - Correct Answer-•a victim may suffer more psychological harm •victim may suffer more physical trauma •hate crimes have a wide impact •hate crimes may spark retaliation or community unrest Police response at the scene of a hate crime - Correct Answer-•secure the scene •stabilization the victim •preserve the crime scene •identify criminal evidence •1 officer interview the victim •report crime to supervisor •document thoroughly •determine if probable cause exists for arrest How to determine if a hate crime has been committed - Correct Answer-•perceptions of victim and witnesses •suspect's reflection of bias •any differences between victim and suspect •similar incidents in same or nearby location •whether victim was promoting group allegiance •whether incident was close or coincided with a significant holiday for victim •absence of other motive Reasons hate crime victims may not come forward - Correct Answer-•fear of retaliation •humiliation •lack of support •cultural or language barriers Interview techniques for victims of a hate crime - Correct Answer-•reassure them it is not their fault •try to ascertain why the victim feels this happened to them •create an open dialogue •hold neighborhood meetings to ensure community awareness Gold Personality - Correct Answer-•keeper of tradition •motivation is to belong •feel there is a right way to do everything •majority of police officers Green Personality - Correct Answer-•always questioning the status quo •motivation is a quest for power •knowledge is power •visionaries and careful planners Blue Personality - Correct Answer-•searching for meaning of life •motivation is to feel authentic •yearn for self-actualization •peacemakers and cooperative team players Orange Personality - Correct Answer-•wants to do things now •motivation is to be free •like variety and spontaneity •enjoy action and competition Baby Boomers - Correct Answer-•people born between 1946 and 1964 •work to live •motivated by people who tell them they are valued and needed Generation X - Correct Answer-•people born between 1965 and 1980 •self reliant •challenge authority •motivated by hands-off approach Generation Y (Millennials) - Correct Answer-•people both between •motivated by being surrounding with bright, creative people •change jobs frequently •value realism, confidence, and fun Who reads police reports - Correct Answer-•supervisors •investigators •attorneys •judges •backup officers •victims •civil courts •probation officers •advocates •the media Communication - Correct Answer-The exchange of information or the technique of expressing ideas effectively Report - Correct Answer-Any written or electronic communication on a departmental firm Report form - Correct Answer-A preprinted, standardized set of questions Common characteristics of a report - Correct Answer-•made at or about the time of an event and should be accurate to the best of the officer's knowledge •should also reflect what the officer heard at the time of the incident •reports serve as permanent records of events Operational reports - Correct Answer-Reports taken by individual officers in reference to crimes, incidents, arrests, and other daily activities Administrative reports - Correct Answer-Reports that affect the administration of a department When to initiate a report - Correct Answer-•whenever departmental policy prescribes •whenever police action is taken •when statutes require Elements of a good report - Correct Answer-•factual •clear •complete •concise •impartial •transition words •cardinal rule Steps to successful report writing - Correct Answer-•prewriting •organizing •revise for clarity •write in first person •proofread Objective information - Correct Answer-Verifiable facts such as a subject's address, the color of a vehicle, or the date and time of an incident; officers must ensure accuracy of their reports and never include information they have not verified Subjective facts - Correct Answer-Observations made by an officer at the scene of an incident such as suspect's demeanor, injuries of a crime victim; can convict criminals; witness credibility is key and officers can ensure this through accurate report writing field notes - Correct Answer-Personal observations recorded by the officer at the scene of an event or at the time information is first gathered Reasons for taking field notes - Correct Answer-•memory aid •key to other records •investigative aid •protection •evaluation •memorandum or official information Field Notebook - Correct Answer-•kept on the person of the officer •can be loose leaf or bound •can be entered into evidence •can be a valuable tool when used properly Report writing checklist - Correct Answer-•gather preliminary information-source of call, type of incident, location and weather condition •victim/witness/suspect statements-note what they tell you, use direct quotes •investigate the scene-describe condition of the scene, list your actions, take photographs, collect and document evidence •disposition-note particulars of arrest, note location of suspect, list recovery of any property or contraband, record any follow up activities SLED - Correct Answer-A copy of every report regarding criminal violations must be sent to what agency? Incident report - Correct Answer-Page 1 of a report, first page of any original documentation, never use more than one of this page Supplemental incident report - Correct Answer-Page 3 of a report, used for information that will not fit on page 1, such as additional victims, suspects, witnesses, stolen property, or narrative Supplementary report - Correct Answer-Page 2 of a report, used for any additional narrative space NCIC Section - Correct Answer-Part of the supplemental incident report, used to document property that, due to the nature of the offense, will be entered into NCIC Property types - Correct Answer-Groupings of items involved in an incident report based on categories defined by SLED Location/premise type - Correct Answer-Where an incident occurs; incidents involving parking lots need a secondary one of these listed in the report; motor vehicles do not count as these Types of miscellaneous report forms - Correct Answer-•vehicle tow sheets •suspect identity charts •FI cards •SLED missing person reports •Use of force reports interview - Correct Answer-A conversation with a purpose designed to obtain and evaluate information given to law enforcement officers by persons who have knowledge of the events or circumstances of a crime, accident, or other matter of police interest interrogation - Correct Answer-The process of asking questions of a person arrested or suspected of a crime Field Interview - Correct Answer-Street level encounters or contacts with individuals initiated by law enforcement officers in an effort to obtain information relating to an investigation into criminal activity, specific complaint or other matter of police interest; temporary detention based on information received from an outside source or personal knowledge of the officer; warrant check should be done Statement - Correct Answer-A single declaration or remark or an assertion; a report of facts or opinions; the act or process of stating or presenting orally or on paper People and things - Correct Answer-A police investigation involves the task of gathering and evaluating information from these 2 things Types of people interviewed - Correct Answer-•victims-as witness or otherwise, provide timeframe/timeline for crimes against people and property •witnesses-most are not dishonest but are easily susceptible to outside influences and prejudices, memory is fragile, rely on witnesses' 5 senses •suspects-usually possess the most significant information, establish probable cause for arrest, to uncover motive, one lie leads to another elderly and very young - Correct Answer-What 2 age groups will require special consideration in interviews? Detailed physical descriptions - Correct Answer-•build •complexion •hair •facial hair •hairstyle •scars •disfigurement •odor •demeanor •teeth •speech •clothing •vehicles •weapons •other items Interview classifications - Correct Answer-Formal (structured)-requires preparation, intelligence/background has been gathered, non-threatening environment, conducted on your ground Informal (casual)-normal conversation, not planned or structured Combination-used most often, less structured than formal but less casual than informal 80% - Correct Answer-What percentage of human communication is nonverbal Physiological response - Correct Answer-Unconscious and involuntary response that people show or say when they are under stress; can be verbal or nonverbal, usually occur in clusters Types of physical/physiological responses - Correct Answer-•loss of eye contact •adjusting clothes/jewelry •crossing of legs •gazing into distance •rubbing hands, back of head or neck •sweating/scratching •laughing/smiling Establishing a baseline - Correct Answer-Nonverbal indicators are useless without this Types of verbal responses - Correct Answer-•silence masked by cough •repeating question just asked •complaining of various issues Truth indicators - Correct Answer-•definitive answers •emphatic •angry and slow to cool •short time to answer •no specifics 3 integral questions to ask at the end of an interview - Correct Answer-•did you do it? •have you told me everything? •has everything you told me been the truth? Interview Considerations - Correct Answer-•status of interviewee-emotions and attitudes •personal data-age, race, sex, ethnic group, education •emotional state •attitude-cooperative, reluctant, hostile •attitude of interviewer •communication skills of interviewee-consider educational background, physical condition, emotional state, and ability to understand questions •communication skills of interviewer-simple questions are best, ABC's, listen •interview environment-no external distractions, barriers/furniture, private location, single officer interview, one note taker and one speaker if 2 •interviewer's behavior •types of questions-funnel approach •timing-ASAP after event, leave open to return to later •case background-know before you go Additional resources for interviewing - Correct Answer-•doctors •DSS •DJJ •PPP •records or ID section at your department •other officers •school officials and teachers •ministers/church personnel funnel approach - Correct Answer-Start with broad questions and progressively narrow the scope Interview Don'ts - Correct Answer-•prejudge •let prejudice or bias show •show anger •be sarcastic Interview Do's - Correct Answer-•be pleasant, polite, and interested in what the interviewee is saying •keep the parties informed •detain for as little time as possible Methods of taking statements - Correct Answer-•verbal-try to have a witness present •written-allows person to tell their story in their own words •taped-accurate account of person's mood and emotions First contact steps - Correct Answer-•identify yourself •create favorable atmosphere and build rapport •encourage interviewee to talk •get specific information, pin down and resolve inconsistencies •get all facts •use comparisons •separate facts from interference •verify and test •summarize and obtain descriptions •close Abuse - Correct Answer-Physical or psychological harm caregiver - Correct Answer-a person that provides care to a vulnerable adult, with or without compensation, on a temporary or permanent or full or part-time basis and included, but is not limited to, a relative, household member, day care personnel, adult foster home sponsor, and personnel of a public or private institution or facility Exploitation - Correct Answer-•causing or requiring a vulnerable adult to engage in activity or labor which is improper, unlawful, or against the reasonable and rational wishes of the vulnerable adult; does not include requiring a vulnerable adult to participate in an activity or labor which is a part of a written plan of care or which is prescribed or authorized by a licensed physician attending the patient •an improper, unlawful, or unauthorized use of funds, assets, property, power of attorney, guardianship, or conservatorship of a vulnerable adult by a person for the profit or advantage of that person or another person OR •causing a vulnerable adult to purchase goods or services for the profit or advantage of the seller or another person through -undue influence -harassment -duress -force -coercion OR -swindling by overreaching, cheating, or defrauding the vulnerable adult through cunning arts or devices that delude the vulnerable adult and cause him to lose money or other property Omnibus Adult Protection Act - Correct Answer-Title 43 Chapter 35, SC legislature on vulnerable adults facility - Correct Answer-A nursing care facility, community residential care facility, a psychiatric hospital, or any residential program operated or contracted for operation by the Department of Mental Health or the Department of Disabilities and Special Needs neglect - Correct Answer-The failure or omission of a caregiver to provide the care, goods, or services necessary to maintain the health or safety of a vulnerable adult including, but not limited to, food, clothing, medicine, shelter, supervision, and medical services and the failure or omission has caused, or presents a substantial risk of causing, physical or mental injury to the vulnerable adult; noncompliance with regulatory standards alone does not constitute; includes the inability of a vulnerable adult, in the absence of a caretaker, to provide for his or her own health or safety which produces or could reasonably be expected to produce serious physical or psychological harm or substantial risk of death. physical abuse - Correct Answer-Intentionally inflicting or allowing to be inflicted physical injury on a vulnerable adult by an act or failure to act; includes, but is not limited to, slapping, hitting, kicking, biting, choking, pinching, burning, actual or attempted sexual battery, use of medication outside the standards of reasonable medical practice for the purpose of controlling behavior, and unreasonable confinement; also includes the use of a restrictive or physically intrusive procedure to control behavior for the purpose of punishment except that a therapeutic procedure prescribed by a licensed physician or other qualified professional or that is part of a written plan of care by a licensed physician or other qualified professional is not considered; does not include altercations or acts of assault between vulnerable adults psychological abuse - Correct Answer-deliberately subjecting a vulnerable adult to threats or harassment or other forms of intimidating behavior causing fear, humiliation, degradation, agitation, confusion, or other forms of serious emotional distress vulnerable adult - Correct Answer-a person eighteen years of age or older who has a physical or mental condition which substantially impairs the person from adequately providing for his or her own care or protection. This includes a person who is impaired in the ability to adequately provide for the person's own care or protection because of the infirmities of aging including, but not limited to, organic brain damage, advanced age, and physical, mental, or emotional dysfunction; a resident of a facility 4 Dynamics of Vulnerable Adult Victimization - Correct Answer-1. caregiver stress 2. perpetrator characteristics 3. intergenerational/transgenerational violence 4. self abuse/neglect Caregiver Stress - Correct Answer-occurs when caregivers become overwhelmed due to the emotional and financial burden of providing care to the vulnerable adult, elder, or incapacitated person; demands to the caregivers' time, finances, duties and other factors are often times not fully known when they agree to take on the role of a caregiver; is real but it's not a justification or excuse for vulnerable adult abuse, neglect or exploitation vulnerable adult abuse perpetrator characteristics - Correct Answer--many are the children of the vulnerable/elderly person -dependent on housing or financial assistance due to personal problems in the adult child's life caused by financial or mental health issues -often find many benefits to controlling a vulnerable adult or elderly person-access to the vulnerable adult's assets and medication can be easily obtained intergenerational violence - Correct Answer-violence that occurs within one's own generation transgenerational violence - Correct Answer-violence that occurs across multiple generations self abuse/neglect characteristics - Correct Answer-•isolation to not be a burden on others •depression •self destructive decisions •may not remember how to care for themselves Suspicion - Correct Answer-Grounds for opening a vulnerable adult abuse investigation, must be based on articulation, not personal opinion SLED Vulnerable Adult Unit - Correct Answer-Which agency do you contact for abuse occurring in facilities operated or contracted for operation by the Department of Mental Health or Department of Disabilities and Special Needs? Long Term Care Ombudsman - Correct Answer-Which agency do you contact for abuse occurring in facilities not connect to the Department of Mental Health or Department of Disabilities and Special Needs? Adult Protective Services of DSS - Correct Answer-Which agency do you contact for abuse occurring at all locations other than facilities, mostly residences? If the victim is a vulnerable adult according to SC law - Correct Answer-When can photos of an abuse victim be taken without their consent? When the investigating authority was the entity who requested them - Correct AnswerWhen must medical services release x-rays or medical exams results to law enforcement? Vulnerable Adult Misdemeanor Charges - Correct Answer-•Person who is required to report abuse, neglect, or exploitation knowingly and willfully fails to do so •Person who threatens, intimidates, or attempts to intimidate a vulnerable adult subject of a report, witness, or any other person cooperating with an investigation •Person who willfully and knowingly obstructs or in any way impedes an investigation Vulnerable Adult Felony Charges - Correct Answer-•Person knowingly and willfully abuses a vulnerable adult, physical or psychological •Person knowingly and willfully neglects a vulnerable adult •Person who knowingly and willfully exploits a vulnerable adult; activity or financial •Person who knowingly and willfully abuses or neglects a vulnerable adult resulting in great bodily injury •Person who knowingly and willfully abuses or neglects a vulnerable adult resulting in death great bodily injury - Correct Answer-bodily injury which creates a substantial risk of death or which causes serious, permanent disfigurement, or protracted loss or impairment of the function of any bodily member or organ Law Enforcement Responsibilities when Investigating Vulnerable Adult Cases - Correct Answer-•focus on victim safety as number one priority •secure crime scene •identify and document the victim, caregiver and care provided, and any forms of victimization or evidence observed •notify supervisor of a situation possibly involving felony charges •contact and advise investigator to handle interview/interrogation, contact an agency with those resources if investigator is not available •avoid assumptions •recognize offender tactics •work together with other agencies and entities Interviewing Vulnerable Adult Victim Tactics - Correct Answer-•cater to their needs as best possible •be sensitive to any difficulty seeing, hearing, or speaking •ask if they need anything to assist them with communication, comfort, or safety •keep them separated from any abusers or persons who may influence them Signs of a Possible Vulnerable Adult Abuse Environment - Correct Answer-•area not well kempt (neglect) •utilities not working (financial) •unpaid bills or stacks of mail (financial) •no food, water, or appropriate clothing for victim •victim does not have required medication or medical equipment (neglect/abuse) •victim is isolated in some way •victim does not have access to outside communication •unusual or foul odors present (neglect) Signs of Possible Vulnerable Adult Victim - Correct Answer-•restricted in some way •does not appear to be in good health •not dressed appropriately •skin in bad condition •hands and feet in bad condition •marks or injuries •wound or injuries Investigative Entities of Vulnerable Adult Abuse - Correct Answer-•Long Term Care Ombudsman •Adult Protective Services •SLED •Medicaid Fraud Unit of the Attorney General's Office Interviewing Vulnerable Adult Suspect/Abuser Tactics - Correct Answer-•consider the purpose of the communication-interviewing or interrogating •determine if the person is considered a suspect •use Miranda warning and waiver if interrogating •approach with an attitude of help rather than judgment •establish who they are and how they assisted the vulnerable adult Documentation Needed for Vulnerable Adult Cases - Correct Answer-•incident report •statements •physical evidence •pictures •who law enforcement talked to, notified and when •justification for all actions Emergency Protective Custody for Vulnerable Adults - Correct Answer-•not for homeless or substance abusers •there is probable cause to believe that by reason of abuse, neglect, or exploitation there exists an imminent danger to the vulnerable adult's life or physical safety •the vulnerable adult or caregiver does not have to consent to protective custody •there is not time to apply for a court order •victim must not be taken to a detention facility •immediately notify the Adult Protective Services Program and the DSS in the county where the victim was at the during the abuse Information to Give to DSS When Placing a Vulnerable Adult in EPC - Correct Answer- •name of victim, if known; physical description if not known •address where the victim was removed •name and address of any person who was exercising temporary or permanent custody of or control over or who was the caregiver of the victim at the time of the EPC, if known •the address where the victim was taken by the officer •a description of the facts and circumstances resulting in the officer taking the victim into EPC 72 hours - Correct Answer-Family court should hold a hearing to determine whether there is probable cause for the protective custody within how many hours? 363 - Correct Answer-How many SC law enforcement officers have died in the line of duty between ? Law Enforcement Officers' Safety Act - Correct Answer-federal law that states qualified active law enforcement officers must carry the photographic identification issued by the agency for which they are employed Homicide by Gunshot While Attempting an Arrest - Correct Answer-What have the majority of SC in the line of duty deaths been from? 50,212 - Correct Answer-How many assaults against police officers occurred in 2015 according to the Department of Justice, most by personal weapons? Personal Weapons - Correct Answer-Part of the human body used defensively, such as hands, feet, knees, head, elbow, teeth, etc. Handguns - Correct Answer-The number one weapon used to kill police officers Traffic collisions - Correct Answer-The number one cause for accidental police deaths Tennessee v. Garner - Correct Answer-Deadly force may not be used against an unarmed and fleeing suspect unless necessary to prevent the escape and unless the officer has probable cause to believe that the suspect poses a significant threat of death or serious injury to the officers or others; established fleeing felon doctrine Graham v. Connor - Correct Answer-determined that the reasonableness of a particular use of force must be judged from the perspective of how a reasonable officer on the scene would respond, rather than from the 20/20 perspective of hindsight; must be both reasonable and necessary Reasonable - Correct Answer-Using or showing reasons or sound judgment and not extreme or excessive force Necessary - Correct Answer-Must be done, is mandatory, or is compelled by circumstances Threat Level I - Correct Answer-Provides protection from .22, .25, and .32 caliber weapons Threat Level II - Correct Answer-Provides protection from lower velocity .38 and 9mm weapons Threat Level IIA - Correct Answer-Provides protection from higher velocity .357 magnum and .45 weapons Threat Level IIIA - Correct Answer-Provides protection from 44 magnum and sub machine guns, recommended by SCCJA with a shock plate 4 Considerations Concerning Selection and Wearing of a Ballistic Vest - Correct Answer-•threat level •concealability •wearability •body area coverage Extra Duty Equipment That Increases Survival - Correct Answer-•back-up firearm and ammunition •availability of a long gun-shotgun or patrol rifle •additional retraining devices to secure suspects-handcuffs, flex cuffs, leg chains, hobbles •primary and secondary flashlight Equipment and personal items to avoid - Correct Answer-•gloves that prevent utilization of equipment •unnecessary or excessive jewelry Reactionary Gap - Correct Answer-The distance an officer must keep between him- or herself and the subject in order to react effectively against a sudden threat; 6-8 feet Reasons and causes of officers killed in the line of duty - Correct Answer-•climate-high temperatures in the south during the summer •single uniformed officer patrol units for large areas •superman or lone ranger mentality by officers that think they do not need help or assistance •illegal immigration •gangs and drug dealing •lack of adequate training •officers driving too fast for conditions •not handcuffing and searching suspects properly Contact Officer Responsibilities - Correct Answer-•in charge of the encounter •communication with suspect and dispatch •handcuff suspect if necessary •search, pat down, or Terry frisk suspect •directing activities of other responding officers •determining if specialized assistance is needed at crime scenes Cover officer responsibilities - Correct Answer-•assistance and coordination with contact officer •coordination of tactics with contact officer and triangulation of suspect •establishing a force presence, prevention of escape, and intervening with appropriate force if necessary Reasons for role reversal - Correct Answer-•Special skill or ability in an area such as a foreign language •gender issue when interviewing a sexual assault victim Direct assault - Correct Answer-Suspect threatens violence, is visibly prepared to attack and the assault is straightforward Sniper assault - Correct Answer-Suspect assaults from a distance using cover and/or concealment Coordinated attack - Correct Answer-Multiple suspects attack at the same time; most dangerous due to the officer having to fend off multiple assailants who are working together Countermeasures to ambushes - Correct Answer-•fight back using one level of force above the suspect's •tactically withdraw from immediate threat and seek cover and/or concealment •seek assistance from backup officers •pacify through dialogue to deescalate the situation Deadly mistakes and tactical errors that decrease officer survivability - Correct Answer- •not maintaining a survival mindset and warrior mentality •not wearing ballistic body armor •not being clearly identifiable as a law enforcement officer •overreaching control capabilities-not handcuffing and searching suspect properly •getting careless and missing danger signs and pre-attack cues •not being proficient with equipment •failure to communicate changes in situation to dispatch •explain arrest actions to onlookers •failure to recognize and evaluate the threat •not requesting backup when the situation dictates one should •improper tactical positioning within suspect's easy reach or placing yourself at a disadvantage •allowing suspect to dictate and control the encounter •failure to use proper tactical contact and cover officer principles •failure to use cover vs. concealment property •failure to protect handgun while it is being attached whether in or out of holster •failure to use that force that is reasonable and necessary Countermeasures when attacked by assailant with edged weapon - Correct Answer- •recognize and avoid the knife attack if possible •create distance and seek cover and/or concealment •get your gun out, discharge gun at suspect if use of deadly force is reasonable necessary •if unable to disengage or avoid the attack, as last resort engage suspect with empty hand disarming techniques Section 44-53-370 - Correct Answer-(a) Except as authorized by this article it shall be unlawful for any person: (1) to manufacture, distribute, dispense, deliver, purchase, aid, abet, attempt, or conspire to manufacture, distribute, dispense, deliver, or purchase, or possess with the intent to manufacture, distribute, dispense, deliver, or purchase a controlled substance or a controlled substance analogue; (2) to create, distribute, dispense, deliver, or purchase, or aid, abet, attempt, or conspire to create, distribute, dispense, deliver, or purchase, or possess with intent to distribute, dispense, deliver, or purchase a counterfeit substance. prima facie - Correct Answer-based on the first impression; accepted as correct until proved otherwise Section 44-53-375-Methamphetamine "Ice, Crank" and Cocaine Base "Crack" statute - Correct Answer-Covers possession, distribution, possession with intent to distribute (PWID) and trafficking Crack (smokeable form of cocaine base), Methamphetamine, "Crank," or "Ice" (smokeable form). Section 44-53-445-Distribution of controlled substance within proximity of school - Correct Answer-(A) It is a separate criminal offense for a person to distribute, sell, purchase, manufacture, or to unlawfully possess with intent to distribute, a controlled substance while in, on, or within a one-half mile radius of the grounds of a public or private elementary, middle, or secondary school; a public playground or park; a public vocational or trade school or technical educational center; or a public or private college or university. Drugs are placed into schedules I - V depending upon: - Correct Answer-•medical use •potential for abuse •safety or dependence liability narcotic - Correct Answer-Refers to opium, opium derivatives, and their semi-synthetic substitutes Effects include drowsiness, inability to concentrate, apathy, lessened physical activity, construction of the pupils, dilation of the subcutaneous blood vessels causing flushing of the face and neck, constipation, nausea, vomiting and mist significantly, respiratory depression poppy plant - Correct Answer-Source for non-synthetic narcotics Opium - Correct Answer-true narcotic The milky fluid that seeps from incisions in the unripe seed pod of a poppy plant Generally abused by smoking Heroin - Correct Answer-true narcotic Sold in multi-gram quantities packaged in grams and sold in small plastic bags, bindles, and ballons vary in color from white to black mostly used through injection and intravenously Synthesized from morphine Schedule I Oxycodone - Correct Answer-true narcotic Schedule II abused orally or tablets are crushed and sniffed or dissolved in water and injected Sold in milligram controlled-release tablets Fentanyl/Carfentanil - Correct Answer-true narcotic Schedule II Synthetic opioid that is stronger than morphine Generally abused transdermally, sublingually, orally, and injected Medically used for people in chronic pain As little as 2mg can be lethal Protection must be worn when handling transdermal - Correct Answer-Crossing through the skin Narcan - Correct Answer-Temporarily interrupts effects of opioids Must be trained properly to administer and must follow up with emergency medical treatment Depressants - Correct Answer-referred to as downers, sedatives, minor tranquilizers, and anti-anxiety medications Alcohol - Correct Answer-depressant one of the oldest, most universal, and widely abused drugs A central nervous system depressant rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream Heavy use can cause serious damage to the body and affects the liver, nervous system, muscles, lungs, and heart A factor in approximately 41% of deaths from motor vehicle crashes Benzodiazepines - Correct Answer-depressant Used therapeutically to produce sedation, induce sleep, relieve anxiety and muscle spasms, and to prevent seizures Among the most widely prescribed medications Examples include Xanax, Librium, and Valium Schedule I - Correct Answer-drugs with no accepted medical use, a high potential for abuse, and lacking safety measures Flunitrazepam - Correct Answer-depressant Not legally marketed in the US, smuggled in by traffickers Known as rophies, roofies, and roach Party and date rape drug Stimulants - Correct Answer-Produce a sense of exhilaration, enhance self esteem, improve mental and physical performance, increase activity, reduce appetite, produce prolonged wakefulness, produces a high referred to as uppers Cocaine/Crack - Correct Answer-stimulant most powerful of natural origin extracted from coca plant usually distributed as a crystalline powder or off white rocks generally snorted or dissolved in water and injected commonly packaged and sold in small plastic bags sold in gram increments often diluted with a variety of substances Schedule II pharmaceutical diversion - Correct Answer-maintaining drug supply by getting prescriptions from several doctors, forging prescriptions, or buying diverted pharmaceutical products on the illicit market amphetamines/methamphetamine - Correct Answer-stimulant generally taken orally or injected ice form is smoked most frequently encountered clandestine labs