Drugs and Behavior (Introduction to Psychopharmacology & Pharmacokinetics) questions with correct answers

What are the 4 significant membranes and barriers to consider in the absorption of drugs? - Answer capillary wall, cell membranes, blood-brain barrier, and placental barrier How do psychoactive drugs exert their effect? - Answer They do this by altering brain chemicals called neurotransmitters. What is the difference between specific and nonspecific drug effects? - Answer Specific effects: Those effects caused by the biochemical interactions of drug with a target site. Amount of concentration of the drug is important Nonspecific effects: Expectations, present mood, previous experience with the drug, placebo What are the five pharmacokinetic factors in drug action? - Answer Drug administration, absorption and distribution, binding, inactivation, excretion What are the different routes of drug administration? - Answer Oral, injection, inhalation, rectally, transdermal, sublingual (under your tongue) What are the different types of injection? - Answer Intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous What is the effectiveness of a drug determined by? - Answer Its ability to cross cell membranes and barriers