NUR 2092 / NUR2092: HEALTH ASSESSMENT FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS (LATEST Already GRADED A+) 2023/2024

NUR 2092 / NUR2092: HEALTH ASSESSMENT FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS (LATEST Already GRADED A+) 2023/2024. A 65-year-old patient remarks that she just cannot believe that her breasts "sag so much". She states it must be from a lack of exercise. What explanation should the nurse offer her? After menopause: The glandular and fat tissue atrophies, causing breast size and elasticity to diminish, resulting in sagging (flat and gabby) breasts. 20. In examining a 70-year-old male patient, the nurse notices that he has bilateral gynecomastia. Which of the following describes the nurse's best course of action? Explain that this is the result of hormonal changes (testosterone) and recommend a visit to their provider. 21. During a breast health interview, a patient states that she has noticed pain in her left breast. The nurse's most appropriate response to this would be: To seek more specific information about the pain, such as: ▪ When did you first notice it? ▪ Is the pain localized or all over? ▪ Is it painful to touch? ▪ Is the pain in relation to your menstrual cycle? ▪ Is the pain associated with activity or exercise? 22. During a physical examination, a 45-year-old woman states that she has had a crusty, itchy rash on her breast for approximately 2 weeks. In trying to find the cause of the rash, which questions would be important for the nurse to ask? Where did the rash first appear- on the nipple, areola, or the surrounding skin? When did you first notice this? 23. During an annual physical examination, a 43-year-old patient states that she does not perform monthly breast self-examinations (BSEs). She tells the nurse that she believes that mammograms "do a much better job than I ever could to find a lump." The nurse should explain to her that: Breast self-exams may detect lumps that appear between mammograms 24. List risk factors for breast cancer 1) History of breast cancer - family history—first-degree relative 2) Medications such as estrogen and progestin combined 3) Certain tumor suppressor genes called BRCA1 and BRCA2 (inherited mutation) 4) Age 25. During an examination of a woman, the nurse notices that her left breast is slightly larger than her right breast. Which of these statements is true about this finding? Asymmetry is not unusual, but the nurse should verify that this change is not new 26. During the physical examination, the nurse notices that a female patient has an inverted left nipple. Which statement regarding this is most accurate? Whether the inversion is a recent change should be determined. 27. The nurse is performing a breast examination. Which of these statements best describes the correct procedure to use when screening for nipple and skin retraction during a breast examination? Have the woman: Slowly lift her arms above her head, and note any retraction or lag in movement. 28. The nurse is palpating a female patient's breasts during an examination. Which of these positions is most likely to make significant lumps more distinct during breast palpation? Supine with the arms raised over the head 29. The nurse is conducting a class on BSE. Which of these statements indicates the proper BSE technique? The best time to perform a BSE is 4 to 7 days after the first day of the menstrual period. 30. The nurse is preparing to teach a woman about BSE. Which statement by the nurse is correct? "BSE on a monthly basis will help you become familiar with your own breasts and feel their normal variations." 31. A 55-year-old postmenopausal woman is being seen in the clinic for her annual examination. She is concerned about changes in her breasts that she has noticed over the past 5 years. She states that her breasts have decreased in size and that the elasticity has changed so that her breasts seem "flat and flabby." The nurse's best reply would be: The decrease in hormones after menopause causes atrophy of the glandular tissue in the breast and is a normal process of aging. 32. A 43-year-old woman is at the clinic for a routine examination. She reports that she has had a breast lump in her right breast for years. Recently, it has begun to change in consistency and is becoming harder. She reports that 5 years ago her physician evaluated the lump and determined that it "was nothing to worry about." The examination validates the presence of a mass in the right upper outer quadrant at 1 o'clock, approximately 5 cm from the nipple. It is firm, mobile, and non-tender, with borders that are not well defined. The nurse replies: Because of the change in consistency of the lump, it should be further evaluated by the physician. 33. The nurse is discussing BSEs with a postmenopausal woman. The best time for postmenopausal women to perform BSEs is? On the same day every month. 34. During a discussion about BSEs with a 30-year-old woman, what statement by the nurse is most appropriate? Examine your breast shortly after your menstrual period each month. 35. Peau d' orange- Lymphatic obstruction causes edema, which thickens the skin and exaggerates the hair follicles; this creates a pigskin or orange peel look. Could be an indication of cancer. 36. DullnessA high-pitched muffled thud sound obtained by percussing over relatively dense organs such as liver or spleen, distended bladder, mass of adipose tissue 37. TympanyA high-pitchedmusical and drum like note obtained by percussing the surface of a large air-containing space, such as the abdomen 38. ResonanceA low-pitched, clear, hollow note obtained by percussing over normal lung tissue 39. HyperresonanceA low-booming note obtained by percussing over the adult lungs that have increased air such as with a patient who has emphysema, present with distended abdomen 40. Which structure is located in the left lower quadrant of the abdomen? Sigmoid colon 41. Aneurysmdefect or sec formed by dilation in artery wall due to atherosclerosis, trauma, or congenital defect (aortic aneurysm) 42. DysphasiaDifficulty swallowing 43. AnorexiaLoss of appetite 44. Ascites abnormal accumulation of serous fluid within the peritoneal cavity, associated with heart failure, cirrhosis, cancer or portal hypertension 45. Bruitblowing, swoishing sound her through a stethoscope when an artery is partially occluded 46. Hepatomegalyabnormally enlarged liver 47. Paralytic ileuscomplete absence of peristaltic movement that may follow abdominal surgery or complete bowel obstruction 48. Peritonitisinflammation of the peritoneum 49. Nurse suspects a patient has a distended bladder. How should the nurse assess? Percuss and palpate the midline area above the suprapubic bone. 50. The nurse is aware that one change that may occur in the gastrointestinal system of an aging adult is: Decreased gastric acid secretion. 51. A patient has hypoactive bowel sounds. The nurse knows that a potential cause of hypoactive bowel sounds is: Peritonitis, 52. The nurse is watching a new graduate nurse perform auscultation of a patient's abdomen. Which statement by the new graduate shows a correct understanding of the reason auscultation precedes percussion and palpation of the abdomen? "Auscultation prevents distortion of bowel sounds that might occur after percussion and palpation." 53. Abdominal borborygmiHyperactive bowel sounds 54. Percussion notes heard during the abdominal assessment may include: Tympany, hyperresonnance, and dullness. 55. Causes of Abdominal DistentionObesity, Ascites, Air or Gas, Ovarian cyst, Pregnancy, Tumor 56. Before reporting silent bowel sounds, the nurse should listen for at least: 5 minutes 57. The nurse is preparing to examine a patient who has been complaining of right lower quadrant pain. Which technique is correct during the assessment? The nurse should: Examine the tender area first. 58. State the rationale for performing auscultation of the abdomen before palpation or percussion. Percussion and palpation may increase peristalsis, which gives a false interpretation of bowel sounds 59. Specific questions to ask a patient with abdominal pain for the past week Describe the pain, is it in one spot, or does it move around, have the patient point to the area, when did it start, how long have you had the pain, is it constant or does it come and go, does it occur before a meal or after meals, describe the pain is it a cramping, burning, dull, stabbing, or aching pain, are there any changes associated with meals does the pain become worse or better, what have you tried to relieve the pain, what makes the pain worse, is the pain associated with your menstrual cycle 60. Right Upper Quadrant OrgansLiver, Gallbladder, Duodenum, Head of Pancreas, Right Kidney and adrenal gland, Hepatic flexure of colon, Part of ascending and transverse colon 61. Left Upper Quadrant OrgansStomach, spleen, left lobe of liver, Body of Pancreas, Left kidney and adrenal, splenic flexure of colon, part of transverse and descending colon 62. Right Lower Quadrant OrgansCecum, Appendix, Right over and tube, Right ureter, Right spermatic cord 63. Left Lower Quadrant OrgansPart of descending colon, Sigmoid colon, Left ovary and tube, left ureter, left spermatic cord 64. MidlineAorta, Uterus, Bladder 65. Specific questions you would ask a patient who is complaining of nausea and vomiting How often, how much come up, color, odor, bloody, pain associated, any diarrhea, fever, chills, what did you eat in the last 24 hours, where, is there anyone else in the family with the same symptoms? 66. Functional units of the musculoskeletal systemJoints 67. Fibrous bands running directly from one bone to another that strengthen the joint and help prevent movement in undesirable directions are called: Ligaments 68. To jump rope, they should have to be capable of: Circumduction 69. Articulation of the mandible and temporal bone is: Temporomandibular joint 70. Palpation of the temporomandibular joint: Anterior to the tragus 71. An 85-year-old patient comments during his annual physical examination that he seems to be getting shorter as he ages. How would you explain this to the patient? With aging, the vertebral column shortens