Evidence Based Practice in Nursing & Healthcare A Guide to Best Practice 2nd Edition By Bernadette Mazurek Melnyk

Evidence Based Practice in Nursing & Healthcare A Guide to Best Practice 2nd Edition By Bernadette Mazurek Melnyk Critically Appraising Qualitative Evidence for Clinical Decision Making 1. A qualitative research study would be considered to be level one evidence in a nurse’s attempt to answer which of the following clinical questions? A) “What is the meaning of hope among patients undergoing treatment with burn injuries?” B) “What factors contribute to diabetic patients’ decisions to infrequently monitor their blood glucose levels?” C) “How does an exercise program compared with dietary control affect weight loss in obese patients?” D) “How does partial assistance with feeding compared with total assistance affect the nutritional outcomes of stroke patients younger than 70?” 2. A nurse has recognized a need to understand the ways in which women with fibromyalgia adjust their lifestyles to accommodate the effects of their diagnosis. Which of the following domains of research is most likely to provide evidence for the nurse? A) Randomized controlled trials B) Qualitative studies C) Case control studies D) Cohort studies 3. A nurse is searching for evidence in an effort to answer a series of clinical questions related to childhood asthma. In which of the following areas is qualitative research likely to be most valuable? A) Identifying if nebulized delivery of bronchodilators is superior to the use of metered-dose inhalers B) Identifying which environmental exposures are most closely linked to the incidence of bronchospasm C) Identifying how a family’s accessibility to primary care affects the course of a child’s asthma D) Identifying values that determine children’s choices of where and when to use their metered-dose inhalers 4. A nurse is seeking to understand the processes of adjustment and coping that parents go through in the year after giving birth to a child with a neural tube defect. Which of the following qualitative traditions is most likely to inform the nurse? A) Ethnography B) Phenomenology C) Grounded theory D) Hermeneutics 5. A nurse researcher is conducting a phenomenological study among men who have been diagnosed with prostate cancer. Which of the following focuses is most indicative of the nurse’s chosen methodology? A) Identifying what support programs best meet men’s emotional needs following diagnosis B) Identifying the role that culture plays in men’s sense-making of their diagnoses C) Identifying the process that men go through as they suspect, receive, and then live with their diagnoses D) Identifying and examining the meanings of the lived experiences that the men associate with their diagnoses 6. In the course of gathering and analyzing data for a qualitative study that examines the effect that a child’s chronic illness has on his or her siblings, a nurse has produced fieldnotes. What is the purpose of the nurse’s fieldnotes? A) Making a record of the nurse’s observations and interactions that occur during data gathering B) Producing a written record through which other researchers may follow the research process C) Recording the analytic conclusions of the data D) Relating the changes in the phenomenon that occur over time 7. While conducting a qualitative research study on patients’ responses to having a colostomy, the nurse is at the stage of doing content analysis. What activities characterize this component of the qualitative research process? A) Identifying practical applications of the research findings B) Reflecting on the nurse’s own response to the informants’ experiences C) Breaking down data and reconstituting them in some other form D) Gathering data from participants in the form of interviews and focus groups 8. A nurse is writing a research proposal for a grounded theory study that will address the experiences and transitions of women in the months following spontaneous abortion. Which of the following guidelines should the nurse follow when choosing a sampling strategy? A) Random sampling should be the nurse’s goal with participant self-selection if this is not practicable. B) The nurse should identify a minimum of 10 informants or 15 informants if purposeful sampling is utilized. C) The nurse should have a sample small enough to allow depth of inquiry but large enough to include a variety of voices. D) The nurse should seek as large a sample as possible in order to facilitate thick description and the validity of findings. 9. Which of the following facts about a qualitative study addresses the meanings of a support group for adults with type 1 diabetes that may present a potential flaw? A) The researcher provides original insights into the etiology of diabetes. B) The researcher has type 1 diabetes. C) The researcher was an open attendee of the support group meetings. D) The researcher did not do random sampling.