Page 1 of 35
“CERTIFIED DIALYSIS NURSE TEST REVIEW
EXAM”LATEST EXAM SOLVED QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS VERIFIED 100% GRADED A+ (LATEST
VERSION) WELL REVISED 100% GUARANTEE
PASS
Certified Dialysis Nurse Test Review
A patient with chronic renal failure asks the nurse why he is anemic. The nurse
explains that anemia accompanies chronic renal failure secondary to:
A. blood loss via the urine
B. renal insensitivity to vitamin A (retinol)
C. inadequate production of erythropoietin
D. inadequate retention of serum iron
C. inadequate production of erythropoietin
The kidney is sensitive to oxygen saturation, and secretes erythropoietin as needed
to signal the bone marrow to make more RBC's. When the kidneys fail,
erythropoietin reduces and eventually stops being produced, causing anemia.
Functions of kidney include:
A. formation of urine
B. regulation of body water and electrolytes
C. acid-base balance
D. all of the above
, Page 2 of 35
D. all of the above
the kidney regulates many hormonal and electrolyte functions. the major functions
are: formation of urine, regulation of body water and electrolytes, acid-base balabce,
production of erythropoietin, and production of renin
Renal regulation of homeostasis includes:
A. excretion of metabolic waste
B. promotion of perfusion
C. secretion of anti-diuretic hormone
D. absorption of vancomycin
A. excretion of metabolic waste
one of the major functions of the kidney is to remove waste products. perfusion is
supported by cardiac function and volume status, secretion of ADH is from the
pituitary, and absorption of vancomycin occurs at the tissue level- vancomycin is
cleared via the kidney.
The three processes of urine formation include:
A. glomerular filtration, tubular filtration, and tubular secretion
B. glomerular filteration, tubular reabsorption, and tubular secretion.
C. glomerular filtration, water reabsorption, excretion of sodium
D. glomerular filtration, water secretion,and sodium secretion.
The formation of the urine begins with glomerular filtration- then the tubules reabsorb
or secrete electrolytes and particles.
NB: the tubules do not filtrate; sodium is regulated by multiple processes and is not a
major process of the kidney funtion. water reabsorption is a function of tubular
reabsorption or secretion.
The glomerular filtration rate (GFR):
A. equals about 180 L/day
B. equals about 125 mL/ minute
C. Is often calculated by pharmacy and intensivists for drug administration
D. All of the above
D. All of the above
GFR, a good indication of renal function, equals about 180 L/day or about 125
mL/min, and is a calculated number by critical care specialists to dose drugs. GFR is
excellent measure of current renal function.
, Page 3 of 35
Renal assessment includes:
A. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
B. Creatinine
C. Urine output for 24 hours
D. All of the above
D. All of the above
The best measure of current renal function is to measure 24-hour-urine formation,
GFR, and creatinine. These three focus on the kidney's abililty to filter, absorb and
secret. This information is found in the RIFLE study.
Blood-urea-nitrogen (BUN) is a reflection of:
A. Hydration, catabolic state and presence of blood in the gut
B. Hydration, liver function and renal clearance
C. Renal absorption of sodium, total parenteral nutrition (TPN) and
disseminated intravasular coagulation (DIC)
D. Renal excretion of potassium, liver failure and fluid overload
A. Hydration, catabolic state and presence of blood in the gut
- BUN is refection of the intravascular volume status; if intravascularly dehydrated;
the BUN will rise without creatinine elevation.
- If the patient has not had enough protein in their diet- the body will break down
muscle to make protein and that will release nitrogen into the blood, elevating BUN.
- Free blood in the gut (GI bleed) will also break down to protein and elevate the
BUN.
The RIFLE criteria includes the risk of renal injury. List the criteria for
determining renal risk, injury and failure:
A. Creatinine, urine output and GFR
B. Creatinine, BP and HR
C. BP, pulse pressure and GFR
D. BP, GFR and urine output
A. creatinine, urine output and GFR
Creatinine, urine output and GFR are the major criteria for the assessment of current
renal function according to the RIFLE study. Looking at creatinine alone does not
reflect the current status of renal function.
Strategies to prevent acute kidney injury include:
A. limiting dehydration
, Page 4 of 35
B. limiting and correcting hypotension
C. limiting exposure to nephrotoxins
D. All of the above
D. All of the above
Excellent strategies for protecting renal function include: limiting intravascular
dehydration, limiting and correcting hypotension, and limiting exposure to
nephrotoxins- pharmokinetic therapy for pt on nephrotoxic drugs, renal protection for
those receiving contrast media would also be included in this function
Preventative measures for the onset of acute kidney injury include:
A. IV isotonic hydration before nephrotoxins are administered
B. Maintenance of adequate MAP
C. Use of N-acetylcysteine for renal protection
D. All of the above
D. All of the above
Renal protection includes:
- IV hydration before administering nephrotoxins, such as intravenous contrast dye.
- Use of drugs to further protect the kidney- the use of N-acetylcysteine before IV
contrast dye (this is an oxygen radical scavenger that protects the nephrons from
injury that occurs with IV contrast dye)
- Maintenance of an adequate MAP to profuse the kidney,
Prerenal failure is caused by:
A. Poor cardiac output
B. Poor volume status
C. Renal artery stenosis
D. All of the above
D. All of the above
The three main causes of prerenal failure are: poor cardiac function, poor volume
status, and renal artery stenosis. All three prevent blood from reaching the kidney
In the oliguric phase of acute renal failure the urine output:
A. Is less than 400 ml/24 hours
B. Is greater than 500 ml/24 hours
C. Totally ceases
D. Is not measure
“CERTIFIED DIALYSIS NURSE TEST REVIEW
EXAM”LATEST EXAM SOLVED QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS VERIFIED 100% GRADED A+ (LATEST
VERSION) WELL REVISED 100% GUARANTEE
PASS
Certified Dialysis Nurse Test Review
A patient with chronic renal failure asks the nurse why he is anemic. The nurse
explains that anemia accompanies chronic renal failure secondary to:
A. blood loss via the urine
B. renal insensitivity to vitamin A (retinol)
C. inadequate production of erythropoietin
D. inadequate retention of serum iron
C. inadequate production of erythropoietin
The kidney is sensitive to oxygen saturation, and secretes erythropoietin as needed
to signal the bone marrow to make more RBC's. When the kidneys fail,
erythropoietin reduces and eventually stops being produced, causing anemia.
Functions of kidney include:
A. formation of urine
B. regulation of body water and electrolytes
C. acid-base balance
D. all of the above
, Page 2 of 35
D. all of the above
the kidney regulates many hormonal and electrolyte functions. the major functions
are: formation of urine, regulation of body water and electrolytes, acid-base balabce,
production of erythropoietin, and production of renin
Renal regulation of homeostasis includes:
A. excretion of metabolic waste
B. promotion of perfusion
C. secretion of anti-diuretic hormone
D. absorption of vancomycin
A. excretion of metabolic waste
one of the major functions of the kidney is to remove waste products. perfusion is
supported by cardiac function and volume status, secretion of ADH is from the
pituitary, and absorption of vancomycin occurs at the tissue level- vancomycin is
cleared via the kidney.
The three processes of urine formation include:
A. glomerular filtration, tubular filtration, and tubular secretion
B. glomerular filteration, tubular reabsorption, and tubular secretion.
C. glomerular filtration, water reabsorption, excretion of sodium
D. glomerular filtration, water secretion,and sodium secretion.
The formation of the urine begins with glomerular filtration- then the tubules reabsorb
or secrete electrolytes and particles.
NB: the tubules do not filtrate; sodium is regulated by multiple processes and is not a
major process of the kidney funtion. water reabsorption is a function of tubular
reabsorption or secretion.
The glomerular filtration rate (GFR):
A. equals about 180 L/day
B. equals about 125 mL/ minute
C. Is often calculated by pharmacy and intensivists for drug administration
D. All of the above
D. All of the above
GFR, a good indication of renal function, equals about 180 L/day or about 125
mL/min, and is a calculated number by critical care specialists to dose drugs. GFR is
excellent measure of current renal function.
, Page 3 of 35
Renal assessment includes:
A. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
B. Creatinine
C. Urine output for 24 hours
D. All of the above
D. All of the above
The best measure of current renal function is to measure 24-hour-urine formation,
GFR, and creatinine. These three focus on the kidney's abililty to filter, absorb and
secret. This information is found in the RIFLE study.
Blood-urea-nitrogen (BUN) is a reflection of:
A. Hydration, catabolic state and presence of blood in the gut
B. Hydration, liver function and renal clearance
C. Renal absorption of sodium, total parenteral nutrition (TPN) and
disseminated intravasular coagulation (DIC)
D. Renal excretion of potassium, liver failure and fluid overload
A. Hydration, catabolic state and presence of blood in the gut
- BUN is refection of the intravascular volume status; if intravascularly dehydrated;
the BUN will rise without creatinine elevation.
- If the patient has not had enough protein in their diet- the body will break down
muscle to make protein and that will release nitrogen into the blood, elevating BUN.
- Free blood in the gut (GI bleed) will also break down to protein and elevate the
BUN.
The RIFLE criteria includes the risk of renal injury. List the criteria for
determining renal risk, injury and failure:
A. Creatinine, urine output and GFR
B. Creatinine, BP and HR
C. BP, pulse pressure and GFR
D. BP, GFR and urine output
A. creatinine, urine output and GFR
Creatinine, urine output and GFR are the major criteria for the assessment of current
renal function according to the RIFLE study. Looking at creatinine alone does not
reflect the current status of renal function.
Strategies to prevent acute kidney injury include:
A. limiting dehydration
, Page 4 of 35
B. limiting and correcting hypotension
C. limiting exposure to nephrotoxins
D. All of the above
D. All of the above
Excellent strategies for protecting renal function include: limiting intravascular
dehydration, limiting and correcting hypotension, and limiting exposure to
nephrotoxins- pharmokinetic therapy for pt on nephrotoxic drugs, renal protection for
those receiving contrast media would also be included in this function
Preventative measures for the onset of acute kidney injury include:
A. IV isotonic hydration before nephrotoxins are administered
B. Maintenance of adequate MAP
C. Use of N-acetylcysteine for renal protection
D. All of the above
D. All of the above
Renal protection includes:
- IV hydration before administering nephrotoxins, such as intravenous contrast dye.
- Use of drugs to further protect the kidney- the use of N-acetylcysteine before IV
contrast dye (this is an oxygen radical scavenger that protects the nephrons from
injury that occurs with IV contrast dye)
- Maintenance of an adequate MAP to profuse the kidney,
Prerenal failure is caused by:
A. Poor cardiac output
B. Poor volume status
C. Renal artery stenosis
D. All of the above
D. All of the above
The three main causes of prerenal failure are: poor cardiac function, poor volume
status, and renal artery stenosis. All three prevent blood from reaching the kidney
In the oliguric phase of acute renal failure the urine output:
A. Is less than 400 ml/24 hours
B. Is greater than 500 ml/24 hours
C. Totally ceases
D. Is not measure
