Advanced Health Assessment Final questions
and answers 2026\2027 A+ Grade
Select the correct sequence of techniques used during an examination of a child's abdomen:
a. Percussion, inspection, palpation, auscultation
b. Inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation
c. Inspection, auscultation, percussion, palpation
d. Auscultation, inspection, palpation, percussion
- correct answer c. Inspection, auscultation, percussion, palpation
When percussing a child's abdomen, you note tympany. This is indicative of the presence of:
a. Fluid
b. Air
c. Feces
d. Hepatomegaly
- correct answer b. Air
When inspecting the child's abdomen, the examiner notes a midline muscular separation with bulging at
the child cries. This finding is a(n):
a. Umbilical hernia
b. Inguinal hernia
c. Omphalocele
d. Diastasis recti
- correct answer d. Diastasis recti
A 10-month-old infant is brought to the clinic with complaints of cough and rhinorrhea. When
auscultating the child's lungs, you note a large, bulging umbilical mass. The mass is easily reducible but
increases when the child cries. This assessment finding is a(n):
,a. Inguinal hernia
b. Umbilical hernia
c. Gastroschisis
d. Omphalocele
- correct answer b. Umbilical hernia
The iliopsoas (psoas sign) test is used to identify:
a. Splenic enlargement
b. Costovertebral tenderness
c. Intra-abdominal inflammation
d. Decreased peristalsis or intestinal activity
- correct answer c. Intra-abdominal inflammation
When auscultating bowel sounds in an infant or a young child, it is essential to use a pediatric
stethoscope because:
a. A stethoscope diaphragm that is too large may also encompass lung sounds, confusing the clinical
picture
b. A stethoscope diaphragm that is too large may also encompass vascular sounds, confusing the clinical
picture
c. A stethoscope diaphragm that is too large may cause pain in a small infant if pressure is applied during
auscultation
d. A stethoscope diaphragm that is too large may decrease the child's cooperation
- correct answer a. A stethoscope diaphragm that is too large may also encompass lung sounds,
confusing the clinical picture
Decreased hepatic enzyme function in children from birth until age 3 to 4 years causes:
a. Short drug half-lives
b. Long drug half-lives
c. Physiologic jaundice
d. Hypoglycemia
- correct answer b. Long drug half-lives
,The stomach capacity in a neonate is approximately:
a. 30 mL
b. 60 mL
c. 90 mL
d. 120 mL
- correct answer b. 60 mL
A dull percussion note at or beyond the anterior axillary line on the left indicates:
a. Hepatomegaly
b. Splenomegaly
c. A normal finding
d. A fibrotic spleen
- correct answer b. Splenomegaly
Assessment for renal tenderness should be performed with the child:
a. Lying supine
b. Lying prone
c. In a side-lying position
d. Sitting upright
- correct answer d. Sitting upright
Indirect percussion can be used to detect:
a. Costovertebral tenderness
b. Abdominal masses
c. Rebound tenderness
d. Hepatomegaly
- correct answer a. Costovertebral tenderness
The lower left quadrant (LLQ) contains the:
a. Left ureter
, b. Pancreas (body)
c. Stomach
d. Liver (left lobe)
- correct answer a. Left ureter
The percussion note that is normally heard over a child's stomach is:
a. Dull
b. Tympany
c. Resonance
d. Hyperactive
- correct answer b. Tympany
A firm, olive-like mass palpable in the RUQ of a 3-week-old infant is likely a(n):
a. Fecal mass
b. Pyloric stenosis
c. Umbilical hernia
d. Inguinal hernia
- correct answer b. Pyloric Stenosis
Infants and toddlers have a protuberant abdomen due to:
a. Increased pancreatic enzyme activity
b. Weak abdominal musculature
c. More abdominal subcutaneous tissue
d. Decreased hepatic enzyme function
- correct answer b. Weak abdominal musculature
A young child's kidney is more susceptible to trauma because:
a. Until age 5 years, kidneys rupture more easily
b. More of the kidney is exposed because of the thin abdominal wall
c. There is a proportionately larger abdomen in young children
and answers 2026\2027 A+ Grade
Select the correct sequence of techniques used during an examination of a child's abdomen:
a. Percussion, inspection, palpation, auscultation
b. Inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation
c. Inspection, auscultation, percussion, palpation
d. Auscultation, inspection, palpation, percussion
- correct answer c. Inspection, auscultation, percussion, palpation
When percussing a child's abdomen, you note tympany. This is indicative of the presence of:
a. Fluid
b. Air
c. Feces
d. Hepatomegaly
- correct answer b. Air
When inspecting the child's abdomen, the examiner notes a midline muscular separation with bulging at
the child cries. This finding is a(n):
a. Umbilical hernia
b. Inguinal hernia
c. Omphalocele
d. Diastasis recti
- correct answer d. Diastasis recti
A 10-month-old infant is brought to the clinic with complaints of cough and rhinorrhea. When
auscultating the child's lungs, you note a large, bulging umbilical mass. The mass is easily reducible but
increases when the child cries. This assessment finding is a(n):
,a. Inguinal hernia
b. Umbilical hernia
c. Gastroschisis
d. Omphalocele
- correct answer b. Umbilical hernia
The iliopsoas (psoas sign) test is used to identify:
a. Splenic enlargement
b. Costovertebral tenderness
c. Intra-abdominal inflammation
d. Decreased peristalsis or intestinal activity
- correct answer c. Intra-abdominal inflammation
When auscultating bowel sounds in an infant or a young child, it is essential to use a pediatric
stethoscope because:
a. A stethoscope diaphragm that is too large may also encompass lung sounds, confusing the clinical
picture
b. A stethoscope diaphragm that is too large may also encompass vascular sounds, confusing the clinical
picture
c. A stethoscope diaphragm that is too large may cause pain in a small infant if pressure is applied during
auscultation
d. A stethoscope diaphragm that is too large may decrease the child's cooperation
- correct answer a. A stethoscope diaphragm that is too large may also encompass lung sounds,
confusing the clinical picture
Decreased hepatic enzyme function in children from birth until age 3 to 4 years causes:
a. Short drug half-lives
b. Long drug half-lives
c. Physiologic jaundice
d. Hypoglycemia
- correct answer b. Long drug half-lives
,The stomach capacity in a neonate is approximately:
a. 30 mL
b. 60 mL
c. 90 mL
d. 120 mL
- correct answer b. 60 mL
A dull percussion note at or beyond the anterior axillary line on the left indicates:
a. Hepatomegaly
b. Splenomegaly
c. A normal finding
d. A fibrotic spleen
- correct answer b. Splenomegaly
Assessment for renal tenderness should be performed with the child:
a. Lying supine
b. Lying prone
c. In a side-lying position
d. Sitting upright
- correct answer d. Sitting upright
Indirect percussion can be used to detect:
a. Costovertebral tenderness
b. Abdominal masses
c. Rebound tenderness
d. Hepatomegaly
- correct answer a. Costovertebral tenderness
The lower left quadrant (LLQ) contains the:
a. Left ureter
, b. Pancreas (body)
c. Stomach
d. Liver (left lobe)
- correct answer a. Left ureter
The percussion note that is normally heard over a child's stomach is:
a. Dull
b. Tympany
c. Resonance
d. Hyperactive
- correct answer b. Tympany
A firm, olive-like mass palpable in the RUQ of a 3-week-old infant is likely a(n):
a. Fecal mass
b. Pyloric stenosis
c. Umbilical hernia
d. Inguinal hernia
- correct answer b. Pyloric Stenosis
Infants and toddlers have a protuberant abdomen due to:
a. Increased pancreatic enzyme activity
b. Weak abdominal musculature
c. More abdominal subcutaneous tissue
d. Decreased hepatic enzyme function
- correct answer b. Weak abdominal musculature
A young child's kidney is more susceptible to trauma because:
a. Until age 5 years, kidneys rupture more easily
b. More of the kidney is exposed because of the thin abdominal wall
c. There is a proportionately larger abdomen in young children
