ENDOCRINE SYSTEM: GLANDS,
DISORDERS, AND TREATMENTS FOR
MEDICAL-SURGICAL NURSING EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS. VERIFIED
2025/2026.
What is the primary function of the pituitary gland? - ANS It is referred to as the MASTER
gland and is controlled by the hypothalamus.
What are common treatments for pituitary tumors? - ANS Hormones, irradiation, or surgery.
What is a hypophysectomy? - ANS Surgical removal of the pituitary gland.
What are signs of hyperfunction of the pituitary gland in children? - ANS Gigantism, which is
the enlargement of the entire body.
What condition results in acromegaly in adults? - ANS Hyperfunction of the pituitary gland
due to increased hormone release.
What is the most common cause of hypofunction of the pituitary gland? - ANS A tumor.
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, What syndrome can occur due to postpartum hemorrhage? - ANS Sheehan syndrome.
What are the symptoms of diabetes insipidus? - ANS Thirst, weakness, fatigue, and nocturia.
What is central diabetes insipidus associated with? - ANS Brain tumors, head injury,
neurosurgery, or CNS infections.
What is the treatment for diabetes insipidus? - ANS Fluid and electrolyte replacement, and
hormone therapy with Desmopressin (DDAVP).
What does SIADH stand for? - ANS Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone.
What is a key symptom of SIADH? - ANS Fluid volume overload leading to confusion, seizures,
and weight gain.
How is SIADH diagnosed? - ANS Urine and serum osmolality tests, along with blood tests for
BUN and creatinine clearance.
What is a goiter? - ANS An enlarged thyroid gland due to iodine deficiency or lack of thyroid
hormone.
What are the earliest symptoms of hyperthyroidism? - ANS Weight loss and nervousness.
What is a thyroid storm? - ANS A sudden increase in thyroxine output, potentially leading to
severe symptoms and death.
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
DISORDERS, AND TREATMENTS FOR
MEDICAL-SURGICAL NURSING EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS. VERIFIED
2025/2026.
What is the primary function of the pituitary gland? - ANS It is referred to as the MASTER
gland and is controlled by the hypothalamus.
What are common treatments for pituitary tumors? - ANS Hormones, irradiation, or surgery.
What is a hypophysectomy? - ANS Surgical removal of the pituitary gland.
What are signs of hyperfunction of the pituitary gland in children? - ANS Gigantism, which is
the enlargement of the entire body.
What condition results in acromegaly in adults? - ANS Hyperfunction of the pituitary gland
due to increased hormone release.
What is the most common cause of hypofunction of the pituitary gland? - ANS A tumor.
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, What syndrome can occur due to postpartum hemorrhage? - ANS Sheehan syndrome.
What are the symptoms of diabetes insipidus? - ANS Thirst, weakness, fatigue, and nocturia.
What is central diabetes insipidus associated with? - ANS Brain tumors, head injury,
neurosurgery, or CNS infections.
What is the treatment for diabetes insipidus? - ANS Fluid and electrolyte replacement, and
hormone therapy with Desmopressin (DDAVP).
What does SIADH stand for? - ANS Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone.
What is a key symptom of SIADH? - ANS Fluid volume overload leading to confusion, seizures,
and weight gain.
How is SIADH diagnosed? - ANS Urine and serum osmolality tests, along with blood tests for
BUN and creatinine clearance.
What is a goiter? - ANS An enlarged thyroid gland due to iodine deficiency or lack of thyroid
hormone.
What are the earliest symptoms of hyperthyroidism? - ANS Weight loss and nervousness.
What is a thyroid storm? - ANS A sudden increase in thyroxine output, potentially leading to
severe symptoms and death.
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
