ENDOCRINE SYSTEM: TESTS,
HORMONES, AND DISORDERS FOR
MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING. EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS. VERIFIED
2025/2026.
When should ketone testing be performed? - ANS Whenever illness has interfered with
normal eating and activity for more than 24 hours and whenever signs of hyperglycemia are
present.
What is considered good diabetic control in terms of hemoglobin A1c? - ANS A hemoglobin
A1c result of less than 7%.
What are the normal hemoglobin A1c values? - ANS Normal values are between 4% and
5.9%.
What does a hemoglobin A1c value of 8.2% indicate? - ANS Poor diabetic control.
What is the purpose of the glucose tolerance test? - ANS To detect abnormal glucose
metabolism and assist in the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus.
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, What are the normal fasting glucose results for the glucose tolerance test? - ANS Less than
110 mg/dL.
What should a patient do before the glucose tolerance test? - ANS Fast for 10 to 12 hours,
eat a balanced diet with at least 150 g of carbohydrates for 3 days prior, and maintain normal
physical activity.
What does a thyroid scan assess? - ANS The function of the thyroid gland by measuring the
rate of iodine uptake.
What can prevent goiter? - ANS Sufficient intake of iodine.
What is the role of the pituitary gland? - ANS It connects to the hypothalamus via the
hypophyseal stalk and regulates various endocrine functions.
What hormones are secreted by the adrenal cortex? - ANS Adrenal corticosteroids.
What is the consequence of lacking mineralocorticoids? - ANS A person would die within 3 to
7 days due to loss of fluid balance and nutrient exchange.
What hormones does the pancreas produce? - ANS Insulin and glucagon.
What is the primary glucocorticoid? - ANS Cortisol, or hydrocortisone.
What does cortisol do? - ANS It increases glucose levels in the blood and counteracts the
inflammatory response.
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
HORMONES, AND DISORDERS FOR
MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING. EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS. VERIFIED
2025/2026.
When should ketone testing be performed? - ANS Whenever illness has interfered with
normal eating and activity for more than 24 hours and whenever signs of hyperglycemia are
present.
What is considered good diabetic control in terms of hemoglobin A1c? - ANS A hemoglobin
A1c result of less than 7%.
What are the normal hemoglobin A1c values? - ANS Normal values are between 4% and
5.9%.
What does a hemoglobin A1c value of 8.2% indicate? - ANS Poor diabetic control.
What is the purpose of the glucose tolerance test? - ANS To detect abnormal glucose
metabolism and assist in the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus.
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, What are the normal fasting glucose results for the glucose tolerance test? - ANS Less than
110 mg/dL.
What should a patient do before the glucose tolerance test? - ANS Fast for 10 to 12 hours,
eat a balanced diet with at least 150 g of carbohydrates for 3 days prior, and maintain normal
physical activity.
What does a thyroid scan assess? - ANS The function of the thyroid gland by measuring the
rate of iodine uptake.
What can prevent goiter? - ANS Sufficient intake of iodine.
What is the role of the pituitary gland? - ANS It connects to the hypothalamus via the
hypophyseal stalk and regulates various endocrine functions.
What hormones are secreted by the adrenal cortex? - ANS Adrenal corticosteroids.
What is the consequence of lacking mineralocorticoids? - ANS A person would die within 3 to
7 days due to loss of fluid balance and nutrient exchange.
What hormones does the pancreas produce? - ANS Insulin and glucagon.
What is the primary glucocorticoid? - ANS Cortisol, or hydrocortisone.
What does cortisol do? - ANS It increases glucose levels in the blood and counteracts the
inflammatory response.
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
