MOST RECENT EXAM 2026 ACTUAL COMPLETE REAL
EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED
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What is the most important part of Phase 2 in
Catabolism? - ANSWER-
Glycolosis
When does the action potential occur during transmission of a
nerve impulse? -
ANSWER-After the threshold potential
is reached
Kussmauls respirations are indicative of respiratory
compensation in metabolic
acidosis, which causes: - ANSWER-
Decrease in Co2
Increased capillary hydrostatic pressure, decreased plasma
oncotic pressure
,and increased capillary permeability can cause: -
ANSWER-edema
Causes cellular damage by indirect ionizing radiation -
ANSWER-free radicals
Bronchial lining changes due to smoking is an example of
which cellular
adaptation: - ANSWER-
Metaplasia
loss of cell differentiation, irregular size and shape of
nucleus, loss of normal
tissue structure all describe - ANSWER-
anaplasia
Alcohol decreases fibrinolysis and HDL-C increases blood flow
and decreased
plaque formation. Reduces risk for: -
ANSWER-CAD
Gene regulation occurs in - ANSWER-Transcription
A disease is said to show ___ penetrance when an individual
carrying a disease
associated genotype always develops the condition -
ANSWER-Complete
,Variants of genes are called ____, and these arise by a process
called ____. -
ANSWER-Alleles;
mutations
Multifactorial disorders are determined by - ANSWER-
genes and the
environment
What if a disorder exists in a offspring but parents are not
carriers? - ANSWER-
Spontaneous
mutation
X-linked recessive disorders are - ANSWER-Mutations on X
chromosome
Males are more often affected by X linked disorders because -
ANSWER-males
only have one X
chromosome
females have 2 ___ chromosomes - ANSWER-x
Mutations would have to occur in __ X chromosomes to be
affected - ANSWER-
both
Fathers cannot pass __ disorders to sons - ANSWER-X-linked
, X-linked recessive inheritance include: - ANSWER-No
male to male
transmission.
Sons have a 50 % chance of being
affected.
Daughters have 50% of being
unaffected
Xlinked recessive disorder examples - ANSWER-hemophilia A,
MD
2 copies of disease allele are required for females - ANSWER-to
be affected by
X linked recessive
disorders
affected male - ANSWER-will always transmit disease to
daughter who will be
carrier
incidence rate - ANSWER-# of new cases of a disease
reported during a
specific time period/number of individuals in
the population
prevalence rate - ANSWER-Proportion of the population
affected by a disease