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POB EXAM 3 UARK SHADWICK 2026
NEWEST EXAM ALL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS |
ALREADY A GRADED | NEW AND
REVISED
Biological Evolution - ANSWER- organisms change over time
Darwin - ANSWER- Theory of Natural Selection (short necked giraffes
die and therefore, don't reproduce)
Lamarck - ANSWER- Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics (giraffes
stretch their necks to reach food and then their offspring are born with
the longer neck)
Evidence of Evolution - ANSWER- Fossils, Transitional Forms,
Analogous Structures, Homologous Structures, Vestigial Structures
Fossils - ANSWER- hard body parts, embedded in sedimentary rock,
deposited in Strata
Mold - ANSWER- air space remains
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Cast - ANSWER- Silica fills space
Transitional Form - ANSWER- Whale: reduced hind limbs and pelvic
bones
Analogous Structure - ANSWER- evolved separately but have similar
functions ex. human and octopi eyes
Homologous Structure - ANSWER- similar structure but have different
functions ex. arm, cat, whale, bat
biochemical evidence of evolution - ANSWER- DNA, ATP, enzymes
are universal
Genetic Code evidence of evolution - ANSWER- RNA to amino acid
triplets are universal, many genes are shared by all organisms
Microevolution - ANSWER- change in allele frequency in a population
over time
who evolves - ANSWER- populations
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium - ANSWER- No mutations, No genetic
drift, No gene flow, No natural selection, Random Mating
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Mutation - ANSWER- cause allele frequency in a populations, only
source of variation, random events
Genetic Drift - ANSWER- causes allele frequency to fluctuate; greater
in smaller populations
Bottleneck Effect - ANSWER- catastrophe kills large amount of people,
loss of genetic diversity; recessive alleles become more present
Gene Flow - ANSWER- movement of alleles between populations;
mixes genetic diversity in a populations; makes two pools or more
similar populations similar
Random Mating - ANSWER- individuals do not choose mates, never
observed in natural population
Natural Selection - ANSWER- heritable variation, over-reproduction
causes competition and differ in reproductive success and fitness,
Adaptation
Natural Selection: Stabilizing Selection - ANSWER- select against
extremes
Natural Selection: Directional selection - ANSWER- one extreme is
favored
POB EXAM 3 UARK SHADWICK 2026
NEWEST EXAM ALL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS |
ALREADY A GRADED | NEW AND
REVISED
Biological Evolution - ANSWER- organisms change over time
Darwin - ANSWER- Theory of Natural Selection (short necked giraffes
die and therefore, don't reproduce)
Lamarck - ANSWER- Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics (giraffes
stretch their necks to reach food and then their offspring are born with
the longer neck)
Evidence of Evolution - ANSWER- Fossils, Transitional Forms,
Analogous Structures, Homologous Structures, Vestigial Structures
Fossils - ANSWER- hard body parts, embedded in sedimentary rock,
deposited in Strata
Mold - ANSWER- air space remains
,2|Page
Cast - ANSWER- Silica fills space
Transitional Form - ANSWER- Whale: reduced hind limbs and pelvic
bones
Analogous Structure - ANSWER- evolved separately but have similar
functions ex. human and octopi eyes
Homologous Structure - ANSWER- similar structure but have different
functions ex. arm, cat, whale, bat
biochemical evidence of evolution - ANSWER- DNA, ATP, enzymes
are universal
Genetic Code evidence of evolution - ANSWER- RNA to amino acid
triplets are universal, many genes are shared by all organisms
Microevolution - ANSWER- change in allele frequency in a population
over time
who evolves - ANSWER- populations
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium - ANSWER- No mutations, No genetic
drift, No gene flow, No natural selection, Random Mating
, 3|Page
Mutation - ANSWER- cause allele frequency in a populations, only
source of variation, random events
Genetic Drift - ANSWER- causes allele frequency to fluctuate; greater
in smaller populations
Bottleneck Effect - ANSWER- catastrophe kills large amount of people,
loss of genetic diversity; recessive alleles become more present
Gene Flow - ANSWER- movement of alleles between populations;
mixes genetic diversity in a populations; makes two pools or more
similar populations similar
Random Mating - ANSWER- individuals do not choose mates, never
observed in natural population
Natural Selection - ANSWER- heritable variation, over-reproduction
causes competition and differ in reproductive success and fitness,
Adaptation
Natural Selection: Stabilizing Selection - ANSWER- select against
extremes
Natural Selection: Directional selection - ANSWER- one extreme is
favored
