Test Bank For Essentials of Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy 5th Edition by Ellen Hillegass. All Chapters . Latest 2025

Copyright ©2011, 2001, 1994 by Saunders, an imprint of
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Elsevier
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, Hillegass: Essentials of Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy, 3rd Edition
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Chapter 1: Anatomy of the Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Systems
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MULTIPLE CHOICE vb




1. Which of the following chest wall structures is located level with the second
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vb costal cartilage anteriorly and thoracic vertebra T4 and T5 posteriorly?
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A. Sternal angle vb




B. Jugular notch vb




C. Xiphoid process vb




D. Third costal cartilage vb vb




ANS: A

The sternal angle of the “angle of Louis” is level with the second costal cartilage anteriorly
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vb and thoracic vertebrae T4 and T5 posteriorly.
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PTS: 1



2. Pectus excuvatum is BEST described as:
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A. Deformity of the sternum caused by trauma vb vb vb vb vb vb




B. Caved-in appearance of the chest vb vb vb vb




C. Diminished rib angle anteriorly vb vb vb




D. Conical shape of the thoracic cage vb vb vb vb vb




Copyright ©2011, 2001, 1994 by Saunders, an imprint of
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Elsevier
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, ANS: B

Pectus excuvatum is a common congenital deformity of the anterior wall of the chest,
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vb in which several ribs and the sternum grow abnormally; it produces a caved-in or
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vb sunken appearance of the chest.
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PTS: 1



3. The true ribs are BEST defined by which of the following statements?
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A. Vertebrochondral ribs vb




B. Vertebrosternal ribs vb




C. Ribs 11 and 12 vb vb vb




D. Ribs 8, 9, and 10 vb vb vb vb




ANS: B

The first seven ribs attach via their costal cartilages to the sternum and are called the
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vb true ribs (also known as the vertebrosternal ribs).
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PTS: 1




Copyright ©2011, 2001, 1994 by Saunders, an imprint of
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Elsevier
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, Test 1-2
Bank
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4. Which of the following interventions is MOST appropriate for a patient with
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vb lower rib fractures?
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A. Short, shallow breaths vb vb




B. Pursed lip breathing vb vb




C. Deep breaths with splinting
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D. Breathing with arms raised vb vb vb




ANS: C

It is important for all therapists to recommend breathing (deep breathing), splinting
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vb (i.e., pillow), and coughing strategies for patients with rib fractures.
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PTS: 1



5. Which of the following positions facilitates greater excursion of both hemidiaphragms at
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rest?
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A. Supine position vb




B. Sidelying position vb




C. Standing position vb




D. Sitting position vb




ANS: A

In the supine position, without the effects of gravity, the level of the diaphragm in the
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vb thoracic cavity rises. This allows for a relatively greater excursion.
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Copyright ©2011, 2001, 1994 by Saunders, an imprint of
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Elsevier
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