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ABFM + KSA Care of Children Exam Actual
Exam 2026/2027 | American Board of Family
Medicine | Questions with Verified Answers |
100% Correct | Pass Guaranteed
Q001: A 4-year-old boy presents with fever 38.5 °C and right ear pain for 2 days.
On exam the right TM is bulging and erythematous with decreased mobility.
Which is first-line management?
Options:
A. Observation without antibiotics
B. Amoxicillin 45 mg/kg/day divided BID for 10 days - CORRECT
C. Azithromycin 10 mg/kg daily × 3 days
D. Topical ofloxacin drops only
ANSWER: B
Q002: A 6-month-old girl has persistent nighttime cough and wheeze for 3 weeks.
She is afebrile and feeds well. CXR is normal. Which is the most appropriate next
step?
Options:
A. Start high-dose inhaled fluticasone
B. Trial of albuterol MDI with spacer - CORRECT
C. Order sweat test
D. Prescribe oral prednisolone
ANSWER: B
, 2
Q003: A 2-year-old boy has not received any immunizations. Which vaccine
should be given first at this visit?
Options:
A. MMR only
B. DTaP-Hib-IPV combination - CORRECT
C. HPV vaccine
D. Varicella only
ANSWER: B
Q004: A 12-year-old girl presents with sore throat, fever 38.8 °C, and tonsillar
exudate. Rapid strep is positive. Which is first-line therapy?
Options:
A. Amoxicillin 50 mg/kg once daily × 10 days - CORRECT
B. Oral clindamycin
C. Intramuscular ceftriaxone once
D. Observation only
ANSWER: A
Q005: A 3-week-old infant presents with poor feeding, vomiting, and weight loss.
Serum sodium is 125 mEq/L and potassium 6.8 mEq/L. Which diagnosis is most
likely?
Options:
A. Pyloric stenosis
B. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia - CORRECT
C. Gastroenteritis
D. Sepsis
ANSWER: B
, 3
Q006: A 5-year-old boy with asthma uses albuterol 3×/week and wakes coughing
nightly. He has never been on daily controller. Which step is indicated?
Options:
A. Continue albuterol PRN
B. Start low-dose inhaled corticosteroid - CORRECT
C. Add montelukast only
D. Oral prednisone burst
ANSWER: B
Q007: A 9-month-old boy has not yet sat unsupported. Which developmental
domain is most delayed?
Options:
A. Language
B. Gross motor - CORRECT
C. Social
D. Fine motor
ANSWER: B
Q008: A 14-year-old girl requests contraception for dysmenorrhea. She is
nulliparous and has no contraindications. Which is first-line?
Options:
A. Depot medroxyprogesterone
B. Combined oral contraceptive pill - CORRECT
C. Copper IUD
D. Condoms only
ANSWER: B
ABFM + KSA Care of Children Exam Actual
Exam 2026/2027 | American Board of Family
Medicine | Questions with Verified Answers |
100% Correct | Pass Guaranteed
Q001: A 4-year-old boy presents with fever 38.5 °C and right ear pain for 2 days.
On exam the right TM is bulging and erythematous with decreased mobility.
Which is first-line management?
Options:
A. Observation without antibiotics
B. Amoxicillin 45 mg/kg/day divided BID for 10 days - CORRECT
C. Azithromycin 10 mg/kg daily × 3 days
D. Topical ofloxacin drops only
ANSWER: B
Q002: A 6-month-old girl has persistent nighttime cough and wheeze for 3 weeks.
She is afebrile and feeds well. CXR is normal. Which is the most appropriate next
step?
Options:
A. Start high-dose inhaled fluticasone
B. Trial of albuterol MDI with spacer - CORRECT
C. Order sweat test
D. Prescribe oral prednisolone
ANSWER: B
, 2
Q003: A 2-year-old boy has not received any immunizations. Which vaccine
should be given first at this visit?
Options:
A. MMR only
B. DTaP-Hib-IPV combination - CORRECT
C. HPV vaccine
D. Varicella only
ANSWER: B
Q004: A 12-year-old girl presents with sore throat, fever 38.8 °C, and tonsillar
exudate. Rapid strep is positive. Which is first-line therapy?
Options:
A. Amoxicillin 50 mg/kg once daily × 10 days - CORRECT
B. Oral clindamycin
C. Intramuscular ceftriaxone once
D. Observation only
ANSWER: A
Q005: A 3-week-old infant presents with poor feeding, vomiting, and weight loss.
Serum sodium is 125 mEq/L and potassium 6.8 mEq/L. Which diagnosis is most
likely?
Options:
A. Pyloric stenosis
B. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia - CORRECT
C. Gastroenteritis
D. Sepsis
ANSWER: B
, 3
Q006: A 5-year-old boy with asthma uses albuterol 3×/week and wakes coughing
nightly. He has never been on daily controller. Which step is indicated?
Options:
A. Continue albuterol PRN
B. Start low-dose inhaled corticosteroid - CORRECT
C. Add montelukast only
D. Oral prednisone burst
ANSWER: B
Q007: A 9-month-old boy has not yet sat unsupported. Which developmental
domain is most delayed?
Options:
A. Language
B. Gross motor - CORRECT
C. Social
D. Fine motor
ANSWER: B
Q008: A 14-year-old girl requests contraception for dysmenorrhea. She is
nulliparous and has no contraindications. Which is first-line?
Options:
A. Depot medroxyprogesterone
B. Combined oral contraceptive pill - CORRECT
C. Copper IUD
D. Condoms only
ANSWER: B
