Psychopharmacology Final Exam
nonessential physiological processes shut down (i.e. digestion & reproduction), energy is
channeled into a host of functions preparing for rapid action.
When a person or animal confronts actual (or perceived) danger situations, what
neurochemical and hormonal reactions start to occur?
cortex, amygdala
Stressful events are perceived at the __________, processed at the _______, which then
activates lower brain areas & puts the limbic system on alert
norepinephrine
when there is imminent danger, a burst of excitation originates from the locus coeruleus
which releases _____________, which results in instantaneous hypervigilance.
limbic system and hypothalamus by activating the SNS, HTA, or HPA
what is responsible for the release of stress hormones?
chloride
_________ ions act as a brake and dampen the limbic alert
benzodiazepines
________ enhance the flow of negative (chloride) ions which results in widespread calming
in may areas of the brain
serotonin
excitability in the locus coerulues is also mediated by _______
inhibitory
in the Locus Coeruleus, serotonin is ____________.
activation
A decrease in serotonin may impact the locus coeruleus by making it more disinhibited and
more sensitive to ___________.
, amygdala
Acquired fears appear to be mediated primarily by the ___________.
encodes
After very frightening events, the amygdala ________ certain stimulus events of the
experience. These memories are highly resistant to extinction.
serotonin
There is speculation that _______ many play a role in inhibiting cellular reactivity in the
amygdala
benzodiazepines, atypical antianxiety (buspirone), SNRIs and SSRIs, andn gabapentin
What are four medication options for treating GAD?
dependence/substance abuse
Benzodiazepines can be used to treat severe cases of GAD, but should not be used if the
patient is at risk for ___________
Buspirone
_______ reduces worry and rumination seen in GAD, but it is not addictive
gabapentin
This antiseizure medication is primarily used to treat anxiety in bipolar disorder
psychotropic medications
Specific phobias are generally not treated with __________________.
beta-blockers
what is effective at reducing anxiety surrounding public speaking?
SSRIs, SNRIs, or MAOIs
Pervasive forms social anxiety (and avoidant personality disorder) may be treated with what
three medications?
panic disorder
____________ is the anxiety disorder for which medication treatment plays its most
important role
nonessential physiological processes shut down (i.e. digestion & reproduction), energy is
channeled into a host of functions preparing for rapid action.
When a person or animal confronts actual (or perceived) danger situations, what
neurochemical and hormonal reactions start to occur?
cortex, amygdala
Stressful events are perceived at the __________, processed at the _______, which then
activates lower brain areas & puts the limbic system on alert
norepinephrine
when there is imminent danger, a burst of excitation originates from the locus coeruleus
which releases _____________, which results in instantaneous hypervigilance.
limbic system and hypothalamus by activating the SNS, HTA, or HPA
what is responsible for the release of stress hormones?
chloride
_________ ions act as a brake and dampen the limbic alert
benzodiazepines
________ enhance the flow of negative (chloride) ions which results in widespread calming
in may areas of the brain
serotonin
excitability in the locus coerulues is also mediated by _______
inhibitory
in the Locus Coeruleus, serotonin is ____________.
activation
A decrease in serotonin may impact the locus coeruleus by making it more disinhibited and
more sensitive to ___________.
, amygdala
Acquired fears appear to be mediated primarily by the ___________.
encodes
After very frightening events, the amygdala ________ certain stimulus events of the
experience. These memories are highly resistant to extinction.
serotonin
There is speculation that _______ many play a role in inhibiting cellular reactivity in the
amygdala
benzodiazepines, atypical antianxiety (buspirone), SNRIs and SSRIs, andn gabapentin
What are four medication options for treating GAD?
dependence/substance abuse
Benzodiazepines can be used to treat severe cases of GAD, but should not be used if the
patient is at risk for ___________
Buspirone
_______ reduces worry and rumination seen in GAD, but it is not addictive
gabapentin
This antiseizure medication is primarily used to treat anxiety in bipolar disorder
psychotropic medications
Specific phobias are generally not treated with __________________.
beta-blockers
what is effective at reducing anxiety surrounding public speaking?
SSRIs, SNRIs, or MAOIs
Pervasive forms social anxiety (and avoidant personality disorder) may be treated with what
three medications?
panic disorder
____________ is the anxiety disorder for which medication treatment plays its most
important role
