Spring Semester 2026 | HESI Exit RN Comprehensive Exam Review |
Latest 2025–2026 Updated Practice Questions, Detailed Rationales,
NCLEX-RN Style Test Bank, Predictor & Readiness Assessment for
Nursing Graduates
Question 1: Pharmacology
Which medication is commonly prescribed to treat respiratory distress in
asthmatic patients?
A) Albuterol
B) Metoprolol
C) Lisinopril
D) Furosemide
CORRECT ANSWER: A) Albuterol
Rationale: Albuterol is a bronchodilator that relaxes muscles in the airways and
increases airflow to the lungs, making it effective for asthma.
Question 2: Medical-Surgical Nursing
What is the priority nursing intervention for a patient experiencing a hypertensive
crisis?
A) Administer oral antihypertensives
B) Monitor vital signs closely
C) Position the patient in a sitting position
D) Assess for signs of organ damage
CORRECT ANSWER: D) Assess for signs of organ damage
Rationale: In a hypertensive crisis, assessing for signs of organ damage is critical to
prevent severe complications such as stroke or heart failure.
Question 3: Maternal and Child Health
At what gestational age is a fetus considered "viable"?
A) 20 weeks
B) 24 weeks
C) 28 weeks
D) 32 weeks
CORRECT ANSWER: B) 24 weeks
Rationale: A fetus is generally considered viable around 24 weeks of gestation, as this
is when it has a better chance of survival outside the womb.
,Question 4: Pediatric Nursing
What is the most important nursing action when a child ingests a toxic substance?
A) Induce vomiting
B) Call Poison Control
C) Wait for symptoms to appear
D) Provide milk or water
CORRECT ANSWER: B) Call Poison Control
Rationale: Immediate consultation with Poison Control is essential to determine the
appropriate course of action and avoid potentially harmful interventions like inducing
vomiting.
Question 5: Mental Health Nursing
Which of the following is the best approach to a patient with schizophrenia who is
experiencing hallucinations?
A) Tell the patient that the hallucinations are not real
B) Validate the patient’s feelings
C) Ignore the hallucinations to reduce attention on them
D) Laugh it off to lighten the mood
CORRECT ANSWER: B) Validate the patient’s feelings
Rationale: Validating the patient's feelings helps build trust and rapport, allowing for
better communication and therapeutic intervention.
Question 6: Anatomy and Physiology
Which structure of the heart prevents backflow of blood into the left ventricle?
A) Aortic valve
B) Pulmonary valve
C) Mitral valve
D) Tricuspid valve
CORRECT ANSWER: A) Aortic valve
Rationale: The aortic valve prevents blood from flowing back into the left ventricle after
it has been pumped into the aorta.
Question 7: Pathophysiology
Which condition is characterized by an increase in red blood cell production?
,A) Anemia
B) Polycythemia vera
C) Leukopenia
D) Thrombocytopenia
CORRECT ANSWER: B) Polycythemia vera
Rationale: Polycythemia vera is a type of blood cancer that leads to the overproduction
of red blood cells.
Question 8: Pharmacology
What class of drugs is primarily used to control hypertension?
A) Antidepressants
B) Anticoagulants
C) Beta-blockers
D) Corticosteroids
CORRECT ANSWER: C) Beta-blockers
Rationale: Beta-blockers are commonly used to lower blood pressure by reducing heart
rate and the heart's workload.
Question 9: Nutrition
What dietary requirement is critical for a patient with chronic kidney disease?
A) High potassium
B) High protein
C) Low sodium
D) High phosphorus
CORRECT ANSWER: C) Low sodium
Rationale: A low-sodium diet helps manage blood pressure and fluid retention in
patients with chronic kidney disease.
Question 10: Evidence-Based Practice
What is the primary purpose of evidence-based practice in nursing?
A) Increase hospital revenue
B) Improve patient outcomes
C) Decrease nursing workload
D) Standardize treatment protocols
, CORRECT ANSWER: B) Improve patient outcomes
Rationale: Evidence-based practice aims to integrate the best research evidence with
clinical expertise to enhance patient care and outcomes.
Question 11: Community Health
Which is a primary prevention strategy for heart disease?
A) Stress management
B) Beta-blocker therapy
C) Surgery
D) Cardiac rehabilitation
CORRECT ANSWER: A) Stress management
Rationale: Primary prevention focuses on reducing risk factors before the onset of
disease, such as managing stress.
Question 12: Maternal and Child Health
What is the recommended daily folic acid intake for pregnant women?
A) 100 mcg
B) 400 mcg
C) 800 mcg
D) 1200 mcg
CORRECT ANSWER: B) 400 mcg
Rationale: A daily intake of 400 mcg of folic acid is recommended to prevent neural
tube defects.
Question 13: Psychiatric Nursing
Which therapeutic communication technique involves summarizing what the
patient has said?
A) Reflection
B) Clarification
C) Paraphrasing
D) Summarization
CORRECT ANSWER: D) Summarization
Rationale: Summarization helps clarify and validate the information shared by the
patient, enhancing understanding.
Latest 2025–2026 Updated Practice Questions, Detailed Rationales,
NCLEX-RN Style Test Bank, Predictor & Readiness Assessment for
Nursing Graduates
Question 1: Pharmacology
Which medication is commonly prescribed to treat respiratory distress in
asthmatic patients?
A) Albuterol
B) Metoprolol
C) Lisinopril
D) Furosemide
CORRECT ANSWER: A) Albuterol
Rationale: Albuterol is a bronchodilator that relaxes muscles in the airways and
increases airflow to the lungs, making it effective for asthma.
Question 2: Medical-Surgical Nursing
What is the priority nursing intervention for a patient experiencing a hypertensive
crisis?
A) Administer oral antihypertensives
B) Monitor vital signs closely
C) Position the patient in a sitting position
D) Assess for signs of organ damage
CORRECT ANSWER: D) Assess for signs of organ damage
Rationale: In a hypertensive crisis, assessing for signs of organ damage is critical to
prevent severe complications such as stroke or heart failure.
Question 3: Maternal and Child Health
At what gestational age is a fetus considered "viable"?
A) 20 weeks
B) 24 weeks
C) 28 weeks
D) 32 weeks
CORRECT ANSWER: B) 24 weeks
Rationale: A fetus is generally considered viable around 24 weeks of gestation, as this
is when it has a better chance of survival outside the womb.
,Question 4: Pediatric Nursing
What is the most important nursing action when a child ingests a toxic substance?
A) Induce vomiting
B) Call Poison Control
C) Wait for symptoms to appear
D) Provide milk or water
CORRECT ANSWER: B) Call Poison Control
Rationale: Immediate consultation with Poison Control is essential to determine the
appropriate course of action and avoid potentially harmful interventions like inducing
vomiting.
Question 5: Mental Health Nursing
Which of the following is the best approach to a patient with schizophrenia who is
experiencing hallucinations?
A) Tell the patient that the hallucinations are not real
B) Validate the patient’s feelings
C) Ignore the hallucinations to reduce attention on them
D) Laugh it off to lighten the mood
CORRECT ANSWER: B) Validate the patient’s feelings
Rationale: Validating the patient's feelings helps build trust and rapport, allowing for
better communication and therapeutic intervention.
Question 6: Anatomy and Physiology
Which structure of the heart prevents backflow of blood into the left ventricle?
A) Aortic valve
B) Pulmonary valve
C) Mitral valve
D) Tricuspid valve
CORRECT ANSWER: A) Aortic valve
Rationale: The aortic valve prevents blood from flowing back into the left ventricle after
it has been pumped into the aorta.
Question 7: Pathophysiology
Which condition is characterized by an increase in red blood cell production?
,A) Anemia
B) Polycythemia vera
C) Leukopenia
D) Thrombocytopenia
CORRECT ANSWER: B) Polycythemia vera
Rationale: Polycythemia vera is a type of blood cancer that leads to the overproduction
of red blood cells.
Question 8: Pharmacology
What class of drugs is primarily used to control hypertension?
A) Antidepressants
B) Anticoagulants
C) Beta-blockers
D) Corticosteroids
CORRECT ANSWER: C) Beta-blockers
Rationale: Beta-blockers are commonly used to lower blood pressure by reducing heart
rate and the heart's workload.
Question 9: Nutrition
What dietary requirement is critical for a patient with chronic kidney disease?
A) High potassium
B) High protein
C) Low sodium
D) High phosphorus
CORRECT ANSWER: C) Low sodium
Rationale: A low-sodium diet helps manage blood pressure and fluid retention in
patients with chronic kidney disease.
Question 10: Evidence-Based Practice
What is the primary purpose of evidence-based practice in nursing?
A) Increase hospital revenue
B) Improve patient outcomes
C) Decrease nursing workload
D) Standardize treatment protocols
, CORRECT ANSWER: B) Improve patient outcomes
Rationale: Evidence-based practice aims to integrate the best research evidence with
clinical expertise to enhance patient care and outcomes.
Question 11: Community Health
Which is a primary prevention strategy for heart disease?
A) Stress management
B) Beta-blocker therapy
C) Surgery
D) Cardiac rehabilitation
CORRECT ANSWER: A) Stress management
Rationale: Primary prevention focuses on reducing risk factors before the onset of
disease, such as managing stress.
Question 12: Maternal and Child Health
What is the recommended daily folic acid intake for pregnant women?
A) 100 mcg
B) 400 mcg
C) 800 mcg
D) 1200 mcg
CORRECT ANSWER: B) 400 mcg
Rationale: A daily intake of 400 mcg of folic acid is recommended to prevent neural
tube defects.
Question 13: Psychiatric Nursing
Which therapeutic communication technique involves summarizing what the
patient has said?
A) Reflection
B) Clarification
C) Paraphrasing
D) Summarization
CORRECT ANSWER: D) Summarization
Rationale: Summarization helps clarify and validate the information shared by the
patient, enhancing understanding.
