ATI PN Pediatric Final Exam With
Actual Questions & Verified
Answers,Plus Rationales/Expert
Verified For Guaranteed Pass
2025/2026 /Latest Update/Instant
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1. A 4-year-old child is brought to the clinic with a fever, cough, and runny nose. The
nurse suspects a viral infection. Which symptom would most likely indicate a
bacterial infection instead?
A. Mild fever
B. Clear nasal discharge
C. Persistent high fever
D. Occasional cough
C. Persistent high fever
Rationale: A persistent high fever, especially above 102°F (38.9°C), is more
indicative of a bacterial infection, whereas viral infections often present with
milder, self-limiting symptoms.
2. A parent asks about appropriate nutrition for a 2-year-old toddler. Which statement
indicates a need for further teaching?
A. “I will give my child whole milk.”
B. “I will offer small, frequent meals.”
C. “I will give honey to sweeten my child’s tea.”
D. “I will provide a variety of fruits and vegetables.”
C. “I will give honey to sweeten my child’s tea.”
Rationale: Honey should not be given to children under 1 year due to the risk of
botulism. At 2 years, small amounts are safe, but it is not recommended for routine
sweetening.
3. A nurse is assessing a child with dehydration. Which clinical finding is most
concerning?
A. Dry mucous membranes
, B. Sunken fontanel (in infants)
C. Increased capillary refill
D. Normal urine output
B. Sunken fontanel (in infants)
Rationale: A sunken fontanel indicates significant fluid loss in infants and is a
serious sign of dehydration requiring prompt intervention.
4. A child with asthma is prescribed a rescue inhaler. Which instruction should the
nurse emphasize?
A. Use the inhaler every day at the same time
B. Use the inhaler only as needed for symptoms
C. Rinse the mouth after every use
D. Use the inhaler even when sleeping
B. Use the inhaler only as needed for symptoms
Rationale: Rescue inhalers (short-acting bronchodilators) are used for acute asthma
symptoms, not for routine daily use.
5. A nurse is teaching parents about signs of hypoglycemia in a 6-year-old with type 1
diabetes. Which sign should the nurse include?
A. Increased thirst
B. Shakiness and irritability
C. Frequent urination
D. Weight gain
B. Shakiness and irritability
Rationale: Hypoglycemia in children presents with neuroglycopenic and adrenergic
symptoms such as shakiness, irritability, palpitations, and sweating.
6. A 5-year-old child with cystic fibrosis is receiving pancreatic enzyme replacement
therapy. The nurse should instruct the parent to:
A. Administer enzymes once daily
B. Give enzymes before meals and snacks
C. Crush the enzymes and mix with hot food
D. Skip enzymes if the child feels well
B. Give enzymes before meals and snacks
Rationale: Pancreatic enzymes should be given with every meal and snack to aid in
digestion and nutrient absorption.
7. Which play activity is most appropriate for a hospitalized 3-year-old child?
A. Board games
B. Coloring and drawing
C. Video games
D. Watching television for long periods
B. Coloring and drawing
, Rationale: Toddlers and preschoolers benefit from activities that promote creativity
and fine motor skills, such as coloring and drawing. Board games may be too
complex, and passive screen time is less stimulating.
8. A child with Kawasaki disease is receiving intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). The
nurse should monitor for which adverse effect?
A. Bradycardia
B. Hypertension
C. Allergic reaction
D. Hypoglycemia
C. Allergic reaction
Rationale: IVIG can cause allergic reactions, including rash, fever, and rarely
anaphylaxis. Close monitoring during infusion is essential.
9. A nurse is caring for a child with nephrotic syndrome. Which lab finding is most
consistent with this diagnosis?
A. Elevated WBC
B. Hyperalbuminemia
C. Proteinuria
D. Hypokalemia
C. Proteinuria
Rationale: Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by significant proteinuria,
hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema.
10. A nurse is teaching a parent about managing a febrile seizure. Which instruction is
correct?
A. Place a solid object in the child’s mouth during the seizure
B. Administer acetaminophen to prevent seizures
C. Lay the child on their side during the seizure
D. Restrain the child’s movements
C. Lay the child on their side during the seizure
Rationale: Positioning the child on their side prevents aspiration. Objects should
never be placed in the mouth, and restraints are unsafe.
11. A 7-year-old child with iron-deficiency anemia is prescribed iron supplements. The
nurse should advise the parent to:
A. Give the iron with milk
B. Give the iron with citrus juice
C. Crush the iron tablet and mix with chocolate milk
D. Give the iron before bedtime
B. Give the iron with citrus juice
Rationale: Vitamin C enhances iron absorption. Iron should not be given with milk
or calcium-rich foods, which reduce absorption.
Actual Questions & Verified
Answers,Plus Rationales/Expert
Verified For Guaranteed Pass
2025/2026 /Latest Update/Instant
Download Pdf
1. A 4-year-old child is brought to the clinic with a fever, cough, and runny nose. The
nurse suspects a viral infection. Which symptom would most likely indicate a
bacterial infection instead?
A. Mild fever
B. Clear nasal discharge
C. Persistent high fever
D. Occasional cough
C. Persistent high fever
Rationale: A persistent high fever, especially above 102°F (38.9°C), is more
indicative of a bacterial infection, whereas viral infections often present with
milder, self-limiting symptoms.
2. A parent asks about appropriate nutrition for a 2-year-old toddler. Which statement
indicates a need for further teaching?
A. “I will give my child whole milk.”
B. “I will offer small, frequent meals.”
C. “I will give honey to sweeten my child’s tea.”
D. “I will provide a variety of fruits and vegetables.”
C. “I will give honey to sweeten my child’s tea.”
Rationale: Honey should not be given to children under 1 year due to the risk of
botulism. At 2 years, small amounts are safe, but it is not recommended for routine
sweetening.
3. A nurse is assessing a child with dehydration. Which clinical finding is most
concerning?
A. Dry mucous membranes
, B. Sunken fontanel (in infants)
C. Increased capillary refill
D. Normal urine output
B. Sunken fontanel (in infants)
Rationale: A sunken fontanel indicates significant fluid loss in infants and is a
serious sign of dehydration requiring prompt intervention.
4. A child with asthma is prescribed a rescue inhaler. Which instruction should the
nurse emphasize?
A. Use the inhaler every day at the same time
B. Use the inhaler only as needed for symptoms
C. Rinse the mouth after every use
D. Use the inhaler even when sleeping
B. Use the inhaler only as needed for symptoms
Rationale: Rescue inhalers (short-acting bronchodilators) are used for acute asthma
symptoms, not for routine daily use.
5. A nurse is teaching parents about signs of hypoglycemia in a 6-year-old with type 1
diabetes. Which sign should the nurse include?
A. Increased thirst
B. Shakiness and irritability
C. Frequent urination
D. Weight gain
B. Shakiness and irritability
Rationale: Hypoglycemia in children presents with neuroglycopenic and adrenergic
symptoms such as shakiness, irritability, palpitations, and sweating.
6. A 5-year-old child with cystic fibrosis is receiving pancreatic enzyme replacement
therapy. The nurse should instruct the parent to:
A. Administer enzymes once daily
B. Give enzymes before meals and snacks
C. Crush the enzymes and mix with hot food
D. Skip enzymes if the child feels well
B. Give enzymes before meals and snacks
Rationale: Pancreatic enzymes should be given with every meal and snack to aid in
digestion and nutrient absorption.
7. Which play activity is most appropriate for a hospitalized 3-year-old child?
A. Board games
B. Coloring and drawing
C. Video games
D. Watching television for long periods
B. Coloring and drawing
, Rationale: Toddlers and preschoolers benefit from activities that promote creativity
and fine motor skills, such as coloring and drawing. Board games may be too
complex, and passive screen time is less stimulating.
8. A child with Kawasaki disease is receiving intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). The
nurse should monitor for which adverse effect?
A. Bradycardia
B. Hypertension
C. Allergic reaction
D. Hypoglycemia
C. Allergic reaction
Rationale: IVIG can cause allergic reactions, including rash, fever, and rarely
anaphylaxis. Close monitoring during infusion is essential.
9. A nurse is caring for a child with nephrotic syndrome. Which lab finding is most
consistent with this diagnosis?
A. Elevated WBC
B. Hyperalbuminemia
C. Proteinuria
D. Hypokalemia
C. Proteinuria
Rationale: Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by significant proteinuria,
hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema.
10. A nurse is teaching a parent about managing a febrile seizure. Which instruction is
correct?
A. Place a solid object in the child’s mouth during the seizure
B. Administer acetaminophen to prevent seizures
C. Lay the child on their side during the seizure
D. Restrain the child’s movements
C. Lay the child on their side during the seizure
Rationale: Positioning the child on their side prevents aspiration. Objects should
never be placed in the mouth, and restraints are unsafe.
11. A 7-year-old child with iron-deficiency anemia is prescribed iron supplements. The
nurse should advise the parent to:
A. Give the iron with milk
B. Give the iron with citrus juice
C. Crush the iron tablet and mix with chocolate milk
D. Give the iron before bedtime
B. Give the iron with citrus juice
Rationale: Vitamin C enhances iron absorption. Iron should not be given with milk
or calcium-rich foods, which reduce absorption.
