Test Bank Complete_
Fundamentals Of Molecular Virology 3rd Edition, (2025)
By Christopher D. Richardson & Nicholas H. Acheson
All Chapters 1-42| 11 Sections| Latest Edition With Verified Answers| Rated A+
section 1: introduction to virology ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4
, chapter 1: introduction to virology -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4
chapter 2: virus structure and assembly ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 20
chapter 3: virus classification: the world of viruses ---------------------------------------------------------------- 29
chapter 4: virus entry ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 37
section 2: viruses of bacteria and archaea ------------------------------------------------------------------ 47
chapter 5: single-stranded rna bacteriophages --------------------------------------------------------------------- 47
chapter 6: microviruses ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 56
chapter 7: bacteriophage t7 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 65
chapter 8: bacteriophage t4 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 75
chapter 9: bacteriophage lambda --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 91
chapter 10: viruses of archaea ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 100
section 3: positive‐strand rna animal viruses ------------------------------------------------------------- 109
chapter 11: picornaviruses ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 109
chapter 12: flaviviruses -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 119
chapter 13: hepaciviruses ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 128
chapter 14: togaviruses and rubella virus--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 144
chapter 15: coronaviruses ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 154
section 4: negative‐strand and double‐stranded rna animal viruses ------------------------------- 162
chapter 16: paramyxoviruses and pneumoviruses --------------------------------------------------------------- 162
chapter 17: rhabdoviruses ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 172
chapter 18: filoviruses ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 181
chapter 19: bunyaviruses ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 189
chapter 20: influenza viruses ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 198
chapter 21: reoviruses---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 208
section 5: section v: small dna animal viruses ------------------------------------------------------------ 218
chapter 22: parvoviruses ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 218
chapter 23: polyomaviruses -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 228
chapter 24: papillomaviruses------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 238
section 6: section vi: large dna animal viruses ------------------------------------------------------------ 247
chapter 25: adenoviruses------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 247
chapter 26: herpesviruses ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 257
, chapter 27: poxviruses --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 268
section 7: viruses with a reverse transcriptase ----------------------------------------------------------- 278
chapter 28: retroviruses ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 278
chapter 29: human immunodeficiency virus ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 288
chapter 30: hepadnaviruses -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 298
section 8: viroids and prions ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 308
chapter 31: viroids and hepatitis delta virus ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 308
chapter 32: prions --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 317
section 9: viruses of plants, algae, and invertebrates--------------------------------------------------- 327
chapter 33: cucumber mosaic virus----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 327
chapter 34: viruses of algae and mimivirus, a giant virus ------------------------------------------------------ 336
chapter 35: baculoviruses ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 346
chapter 36: viruses of invertebrates---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 356
section 10: host defenses against virus infection -------------------------------------------------------- 372
chapter 37: innate immune responses against virus infection ------------------------------------------------ 372
chapter 38: adaptive immune responses to virus infection---------------------------------------------------- 381
section 11: medical applications of virology -------------------------------------------------------------- 390
chapter 39: antiviral vaccines ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 390
chapter 40: antiviral chemotherapy ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 400
chapter 41: oncolytic viruses ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 410
chapter 42: virus‐mediated gene therapy -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 426
,Section 1: introduction to virology
Chapter 1: introduction to virology
christopher d. Richardson: fundamentals of molecular virology 3rd edition, (2025) test bank
Question type: multiple choice
1. What distinguishes a virus from all other microorganisms?
A) ability to reproduce independently
B) presence of a nucleus
C) dependence on host cell machinery for replication
D) ability to metabolize nutrients
E) double-stranded dna genome
ans: c
Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites—they lack the metabolic machinery needed
for self-replication and must hijack a host cell’s processes to reproduce.
2. Which component is not present in all viruses?
A) nucleic acid
B) protein capsid
C) lipid envelope
D) genetic information
E) none of the above
ans: c
All viruses have genetic material and a protein capsid, but not all have a lipid envelope.
Envelopes are acquired from host membranes and are present only in enveloped viruses.
3. The smallest known viruses are approximately what size?
A) 1 μm
,B) 300 nm
C) 20 nm
D) 1000 nm
E) 5 μm
ans: c
The smallest viruses, such as parvoviruses, can be as small as 20 nm in diameter—far
smaller than most bacteria.
4. The baltimore classification system is based on:
A) host range
B) capsid shape
C) genome type and replication strategy
D) envelope presence
E) disease symptoms
ans: c
The baltimore system groups viruses into seven classes based on the type of nucleic acid
they carry and how they replicate and produce mrna.
5. Which class of viruses must carry their own rna-dependent rna polymerase?
A) double-stranded dna viruses
B) single-stranded (+) rna viruses
C) retroviruses
D) double-stranded rna viruses
E) satellite viruses
ans: d
Dsrna viruses must carry rna-dependent rna polymerase because host cells do not have
enzymes to transcribe dsrna into mrna.
, 6. Which of the following statements best defines a virion?
A) the genome of a virus
B) a virus that has infected a host
C) the complete, infectious virus particle
D) a non-infectious viral fragment
E) the rna segment of a virus
ans: c
A virion is the fully assembled, infectious form of a virus outside a host cell, typically
including the genome, capsid, and sometimes envelope.
7. Viral envelopes are derived from which of the following?
A) viral ribosomes
B) host cell membranes
C) bacterial capsules
D) viral dna
E) host cytoplasm
ans: b
Enveloped viruses acquire their lipid membranes from host cell membranes during
budding (either plasma or organelle membranes).
8. The term "nucleocapsid" refers to:
A) viral dna only
B) capsid and envelope
C) capsid proteins only
D) genome plus capsid
E) rna plus envelope
ans: d
Fundamentals Of Molecular Virology 3rd Edition, (2025)
By Christopher D. Richardson & Nicholas H. Acheson
All Chapters 1-42| 11 Sections| Latest Edition With Verified Answers| Rated A+
section 1: introduction to virology ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4
, chapter 1: introduction to virology -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4
chapter 2: virus structure and assembly ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 20
chapter 3: virus classification: the world of viruses ---------------------------------------------------------------- 29
chapter 4: virus entry ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 37
section 2: viruses of bacteria and archaea ------------------------------------------------------------------ 47
chapter 5: single-stranded rna bacteriophages --------------------------------------------------------------------- 47
chapter 6: microviruses ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 56
chapter 7: bacteriophage t7 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 65
chapter 8: bacteriophage t4 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 75
chapter 9: bacteriophage lambda --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 91
chapter 10: viruses of archaea ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 100
section 3: positive‐strand rna animal viruses ------------------------------------------------------------- 109
chapter 11: picornaviruses ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 109
chapter 12: flaviviruses -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 119
chapter 13: hepaciviruses ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 128
chapter 14: togaviruses and rubella virus--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 144
chapter 15: coronaviruses ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 154
section 4: negative‐strand and double‐stranded rna animal viruses ------------------------------- 162
chapter 16: paramyxoviruses and pneumoviruses --------------------------------------------------------------- 162
chapter 17: rhabdoviruses ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 172
chapter 18: filoviruses ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 181
chapter 19: bunyaviruses ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 189
chapter 20: influenza viruses ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 198
chapter 21: reoviruses---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 208
section 5: section v: small dna animal viruses ------------------------------------------------------------ 218
chapter 22: parvoviruses ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 218
chapter 23: polyomaviruses -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 228
chapter 24: papillomaviruses------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 238
section 6: section vi: large dna animal viruses ------------------------------------------------------------ 247
chapter 25: adenoviruses------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 247
chapter 26: herpesviruses ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 257
, chapter 27: poxviruses --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 268
section 7: viruses with a reverse transcriptase ----------------------------------------------------------- 278
chapter 28: retroviruses ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 278
chapter 29: human immunodeficiency virus ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 288
chapter 30: hepadnaviruses -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 298
section 8: viroids and prions ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 308
chapter 31: viroids and hepatitis delta virus ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 308
chapter 32: prions --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 317
section 9: viruses of plants, algae, and invertebrates--------------------------------------------------- 327
chapter 33: cucumber mosaic virus----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 327
chapter 34: viruses of algae and mimivirus, a giant virus ------------------------------------------------------ 336
chapter 35: baculoviruses ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 346
chapter 36: viruses of invertebrates---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 356
section 10: host defenses against virus infection -------------------------------------------------------- 372
chapter 37: innate immune responses against virus infection ------------------------------------------------ 372
chapter 38: adaptive immune responses to virus infection---------------------------------------------------- 381
section 11: medical applications of virology -------------------------------------------------------------- 390
chapter 39: antiviral vaccines ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 390
chapter 40: antiviral chemotherapy ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 400
chapter 41: oncolytic viruses ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 410
chapter 42: virus‐mediated gene therapy -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 426
,Section 1: introduction to virology
Chapter 1: introduction to virology
christopher d. Richardson: fundamentals of molecular virology 3rd edition, (2025) test bank
Question type: multiple choice
1. What distinguishes a virus from all other microorganisms?
A) ability to reproduce independently
B) presence of a nucleus
C) dependence on host cell machinery for replication
D) ability to metabolize nutrients
E) double-stranded dna genome
ans: c
Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites—they lack the metabolic machinery needed
for self-replication and must hijack a host cell’s processes to reproduce.
2. Which component is not present in all viruses?
A) nucleic acid
B) protein capsid
C) lipid envelope
D) genetic information
E) none of the above
ans: c
All viruses have genetic material and a protein capsid, but not all have a lipid envelope.
Envelopes are acquired from host membranes and are present only in enveloped viruses.
3. The smallest known viruses are approximately what size?
A) 1 μm
,B) 300 nm
C) 20 nm
D) 1000 nm
E) 5 μm
ans: c
The smallest viruses, such as parvoviruses, can be as small as 20 nm in diameter—far
smaller than most bacteria.
4. The baltimore classification system is based on:
A) host range
B) capsid shape
C) genome type and replication strategy
D) envelope presence
E) disease symptoms
ans: c
The baltimore system groups viruses into seven classes based on the type of nucleic acid
they carry and how they replicate and produce mrna.
5. Which class of viruses must carry their own rna-dependent rna polymerase?
A) double-stranded dna viruses
B) single-stranded (+) rna viruses
C) retroviruses
D) double-stranded rna viruses
E) satellite viruses
ans: d
Dsrna viruses must carry rna-dependent rna polymerase because host cells do not have
enzymes to transcribe dsrna into mrna.
, 6. Which of the following statements best defines a virion?
A) the genome of a virus
B) a virus that has infected a host
C) the complete, infectious virus particle
D) a non-infectious viral fragment
E) the rna segment of a virus
ans: c
A virion is the fully assembled, infectious form of a virus outside a host cell, typically
including the genome, capsid, and sometimes envelope.
7. Viral envelopes are derived from which of the following?
A) viral ribosomes
B) host cell membranes
C) bacterial capsules
D) viral dna
E) host cytoplasm
ans: b
Enveloped viruses acquire their lipid membranes from host cell membranes during
budding (either plasma or organelle membranes).
8. The term "nucleocapsid" refers to:
A) viral dna only
B) capsid and envelope
C) capsid proteins only
D) genome plus capsid
E) rna plus envelope
ans: d
