ATI Comprehensive Practice B 2025 | RN ATI capstone proctored
comprehensive assessment 2025 B | Exam Questions and Answers |
Already Verified Answers
Question 1
A nurse is assessing a client who received 2 units of packed RBCs 48 hours ago for anemia.
Which of the following findings indicates that the therapy has been effective?
A) White blood cell count 8,000/mm³
B) Hemoglobin 14.9 g/dL
C) Platelet count 250,000/mm³
D) Serum potassium 4.2 mEq/L
Correct Answer: B) hemoglobin 14.9 g/dL
Rationale: Packed RBCs are administered to increase the oxygen-carrying capacity of the
blood by raising the red blood cell count and hemoglobin levels. A hemoglobin of 14.9 g/dL
is within the normal range for an adult male and indicates a successful response to the
transfusion.
Question 2
A nurse working in an emergency department is triaging four clients. Which of the following
clients should the nurse recommend for treatment first?
A) A school-age child with a minor wrist sprain.
B) A young adult with a temperature of 101°F and a sore throat.
C) A middle adult client who has unstable vital signs following a motor vehicle accident.
D) An older adult client who needs a prescription refill for hypertension.
Correct Answer: C) a middle adult client who has unstable vital signs
Rationale: According to triage principles (ABC - Airway, Breathing, Circulation), the client
with unstable vital signs is the highest priority as they are at the greatest risk for rapid
deterioration and death.
Question 3
A nurse is caring for a client who has fluid volume overload. Which of the following tasks
should the nurse delegate to an assistive personnel (AP)?
,A) Assessing for peripheral edema.
B) Monitoring the client's intake and output.
C) Educating the client on fluid restrictions.
D) Measuring the client's daily weight.
Correct Answer: D) measure the client's daily weight
Rationale: Obtaining a daily weight is a standard, routine task that falls within the scope of
practice for an AP. Assessing, teaching, and monitoring intake and output (which requires
analysis) are nursing functions.
Question 4
A nurse is preparing to administer mannitol 0.2 g/kg IV bolus over 5 min as a test dose to a client
who has severe oliguria. The client weighs 198 lb. What is the amount in grams the nurse should
administer?
A) 9 g
B) 18 g
C) 39.6 g
D) 90 g
Correct Answer: B) 18 g
Rationale: First, convert the client's weight to kilograms: 198 lb / 2.2 lb/kg = 90 kg. Then,
calculate the dose: 90 kg * 0.2 g/kg = 18 g.
Question 5
A nurse is assessing an adolescent's range of motion of the legs. Which action demonstrates
abduction of the hip joint?
A) Moving the leg forward from the body.
B) Moving the leg backward from the body.
C) Moving the leg toward the midline of the body.
D) Moving the leg away from the midline of the body.
Correct Answer: D) Moving the leg away from the midline of the body
Rationale: Abduction is the movement of a limb away from the midline of the body.
Adduction is the movement toward the midline.
,Question 6
A nurse is caring for a client who has hyperthyroidism. Which of the following findings should
the nurse expect?
A) Dry, coarse hair
B) Bradycardia
C) Tremors
D) Periorbital edema
Correct Answer: C) tremors
Rationale: Hyperthyroidism creates a hypermetabolic state. The increased metabolic rate
and heightened sympathetic nervous system activity lead to symptoms such as tremors,
tachycardia, diaphoresis, weight loss, and exophthalmos. The other options are signs of
hypothyroidism.
Question 7
A nurse is assessing a school-age child who has bacterial meningitis. Which of the following
findings should the nurse expect?
A) A negative Kernig's sign
B) Jaundice
C) Nuchal rigidity
D) Periorbital edema
Correct Answer: C) nuchal rigidity
Rationale: Nuchal rigidity (stiff neck) is a classic sign of meningeal irritation, which is a
hallmark of meningitis. Other signs include fever, headache, photophobia, and positive
Kernig's and Brudzinski's signs.
Question 8
A nurse is assessing a newborn's heart rate. Which of the following actions should the nurse
take?
A) Palpate the radial pulse for 30 seconds and multiply by 2.
B) Auscultate the apical pulse for at least 1 minute.
C) Palpate the brachial pulse for 15 seconds and multiply by 4.
D) Use a Doppler device on the carotid artery.
, Correct Answer: B) auscultate the apical pulse at least 1 min
Rationale: A newborn's heart rate can be rapid and irregular. The most accurate method
for assessing the heart rate in an infant is to auscultate the apical pulse (at the apex of the
heart) for a full 60 seconds.
Question 9
A nurse is preparing to assist with a thoracentesis for a client who has pleurisy. The nurse should
plan to perform which of the following actions?
A) Instruct the client to take deep breaths and cough during the procedure.
B) Place the client in a supine position.
C) Instruct the client to avoid coughing during the procedure.
D) Administer a sedative after the procedure.
Correct Answer: C) instruct the client to avoid coughing during the procedure
Rationale: During a thoracentesis, the client must remain as still as possible and avoid deep
breathing or coughing to prevent accidental puncture of the lung (pneumothorax) by the
needle.
Question 10
A nurse is assessing a preschooler with a facial laceration and notes the child exhibits discomfort
while walking. The nurse should identify this as a potential indication of:
A) A normal reaction to being in the emergency department.
B) A leg injury from the same accident.
C) Child sexual abuse.
D) A neurological problem.
Correct Answer: C) the child exhibits discomfort while walking
Rationale: Difficulty walking, sitting, or pain in the genital area can be physical indicators
of sexual abuse in a child. This finding, especially when the presenting injury is elsewhere,
is a red flag that requires further assessment and reporting.
Question 11
A nurse is preparing to teach about dietary management to a client who has Crohn's disease and
an enteroenteric fistula. Which nutrient should the nurse instruct the client to decrease in their
diet?
comprehensive assessment 2025 B | Exam Questions and Answers |
Already Verified Answers
Question 1
A nurse is assessing a client who received 2 units of packed RBCs 48 hours ago for anemia.
Which of the following findings indicates that the therapy has been effective?
A) White blood cell count 8,000/mm³
B) Hemoglobin 14.9 g/dL
C) Platelet count 250,000/mm³
D) Serum potassium 4.2 mEq/L
Correct Answer: B) hemoglobin 14.9 g/dL
Rationale: Packed RBCs are administered to increase the oxygen-carrying capacity of the
blood by raising the red blood cell count and hemoglobin levels. A hemoglobin of 14.9 g/dL
is within the normal range for an adult male and indicates a successful response to the
transfusion.
Question 2
A nurse working in an emergency department is triaging four clients. Which of the following
clients should the nurse recommend for treatment first?
A) A school-age child with a minor wrist sprain.
B) A young adult with a temperature of 101°F and a sore throat.
C) A middle adult client who has unstable vital signs following a motor vehicle accident.
D) An older adult client who needs a prescription refill for hypertension.
Correct Answer: C) a middle adult client who has unstable vital signs
Rationale: According to triage principles (ABC - Airway, Breathing, Circulation), the client
with unstable vital signs is the highest priority as they are at the greatest risk for rapid
deterioration and death.
Question 3
A nurse is caring for a client who has fluid volume overload. Which of the following tasks
should the nurse delegate to an assistive personnel (AP)?
,A) Assessing for peripheral edema.
B) Monitoring the client's intake and output.
C) Educating the client on fluid restrictions.
D) Measuring the client's daily weight.
Correct Answer: D) measure the client's daily weight
Rationale: Obtaining a daily weight is a standard, routine task that falls within the scope of
practice for an AP. Assessing, teaching, and monitoring intake and output (which requires
analysis) are nursing functions.
Question 4
A nurse is preparing to administer mannitol 0.2 g/kg IV bolus over 5 min as a test dose to a client
who has severe oliguria. The client weighs 198 lb. What is the amount in grams the nurse should
administer?
A) 9 g
B) 18 g
C) 39.6 g
D) 90 g
Correct Answer: B) 18 g
Rationale: First, convert the client's weight to kilograms: 198 lb / 2.2 lb/kg = 90 kg. Then,
calculate the dose: 90 kg * 0.2 g/kg = 18 g.
Question 5
A nurse is assessing an adolescent's range of motion of the legs. Which action demonstrates
abduction of the hip joint?
A) Moving the leg forward from the body.
B) Moving the leg backward from the body.
C) Moving the leg toward the midline of the body.
D) Moving the leg away from the midline of the body.
Correct Answer: D) Moving the leg away from the midline of the body
Rationale: Abduction is the movement of a limb away from the midline of the body.
Adduction is the movement toward the midline.
,Question 6
A nurse is caring for a client who has hyperthyroidism. Which of the following findings should
the nurse expect?
A) Dry, coarse hair
B) Bradycardia
C) Tremors
D) Periorbital edema
Correct Answer: C) tremors
Rationale: Hyperthyroidism creates a hypermetabolic state. The increased metabolic rate
and heightened sympathetic nervous system activity lead to symptoms such as tremors,
tachycardia, diaphoresis, weight loss, and exophthalmos. The other options are signs of
hypothyroidism.
Question 7
A nurse is assessing a school-age child who has bacterial meningitis. Which of the following
findings should the nurse expect?
A) A negative Kernig's sign
B) Jaundice
C) Nuchal rigidity
D) Periorbital edema
Correct Answer: C) nuchal rigidity
Rationale: Nuchal rigidity (stiff neck) is a classic sign of meningeal irritation, which is a
hallmark of meningitis. Other signs include fever, headache, photophobia, and positive
Kernig's and Brudzinski's signs.
Question 8
A nurse is assessing a newborn's heart rate. Which of the following actions should the nurse
take?
A) Palpate the radial pulse for 30 seconds and multiply by 2.
B) Auscultate the apical pulse for at least 1 minute.
C) Palpate the brachial pulse for 15 seconds and multiply by 4.
D) Use a Doppler device on the carotid artery.
, Correct Answer: B) auscultate the apical pulse at least 1 min
Rationale: A newborn's heart rate can be rapid and irregular. The most accurate method
for assessing the heart rate in an infant is to auscultate the apical pulse (at the apex of the
heart) for a full 60 seconds.
Question 9
A nurse is preparing to assist with a thoracentesis for a client who has pleurisy. The nurse should
plan to perform which of the following actions?
A) Instruct the client to take deep breaths and cough during the procedure.
B) Place the client in a supine position.
C) Instruct the client to avoid coughing during the procedure.
D) Administer a sedative after the procedure.
Correct Answer: C) instruct the client to avoid coughing during the procedure
Rationale: During a thoracentesis, the client must remain as still as possible and avoid deep
breathing or coughing to prevent accidental puncture of the lung (pneumothorax) by the
needle.
Question 10
A nurse is assessing a preschooler with a facial laceration and notes the child exhibits discomfort
while walking. The nurse should identify this as a potential indication of:
A) A normal reaction to being in the emergency department.
B) A leg injury from the same accident.
C) Child sexual abuse.
D) A neurological problem.
Correct Answer: C) the child exhibits discomfort while walking
Rationale: Difficulty walking, sitting, or pain in the genital area can be physical indicators
of sexual abuse in a child. This finding, especially when the presenting injury is elsewhere,
is a red flag that requires further assessment and reporting.
Question 11
A nurse is preparing to teach about dietary management to a client who has Crohn's disease and
an enteroenteric fistula. Which nutrient should the nurse instruct the client to decrease in their
diet?
