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Factors affecting oral drug absorption

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How does the degree of ionization affect drug absorption?

The ionization of a drug depends on its pKa and the pH of the medium. Acidic drugs are more unionized in acidic environments and are better absorbed in such conditions, while basic drugs are more unionized in basic environments and are better absorbed there.

How can other substances impact drug absorption?

Foods and drugs can alter absorption rates. For example, statins are better absorbed with food, while iron absorption is decreased by milk but enhanced by vitamin C. Phytates and calcium salts can interfere with iron and tetracycline absorption, respectively. Some drugs, like aspirin, are taken with food, while antibiotics are taken on an empty stomach. Liquid paraffin and cholestyramine can also affect drug absorption.

How do achlorhydria and cirrhosis affect drug absorption?

Achlorhydria: Decreases gastric acid, increasing pH, which can enhance the absorption of weakly acidic drugs like aspirin due to faster dissolution in a higher pH environment. Cirrhosis: Affects portal circulation, which can impair the metabolism of drugs and potentially alter their absorption.

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Summary Aulton's Pharmaceutics the design and manufacture of med - Biopharmaceutics (PHA426)

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This document includes detailed information about the factors affecting drug absorption and barriers of drug absorption in the GI tract. It includes factors like GIT diseases, transporters across the membrane, the presence of food in GIT, the physicochemical properties of a drug , dosage forms,...

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