XPerformance
Exit
Final 100 Practice HESI EAQ's from Prof. C
[ Due Apr 23, 2023 by 8:59 pm
Final Score
73%
73 out of 100 questions answered correctly
\/ Completed on Apr 23,2023 10:10 am
Incorrect (27) v
Correct (73) ~
Which bacteria live in the large intestine and act to protect the body by preventing the
overgrowth of other microorganisms?
O Bile
(O Pathogens
° @ Normal flora
(O Clostridium difficile
Rationale
Normal flora are bacteria that live in the large intestine and protect the body by preventing an overgrowth of
harmful microorganisms. Bile is a green-brown alkaline fluid that assists in digestion. A pathogen is a
microorganism that causes disease or harm to the body. Clostridium difficile is a gram-positive pathogen that
causes diarrhea.
p212
Which is the primary function of red blood cells (RBCs)?
(O Initiating the blood coagulation process
@ @) Transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide
(O Ingesting and destroying unwanted organisms
(O) Protecting the body against infections and foreign invaders
Rationale
RBCs transport oxygen and carbon dioxide by binding those chemicals to the iron component of hemoglobin.
Platelets initiate the blood coagulation process. Phagocytosis (the process of engulfing and destroying
unwanted organisms) is the primary function of granular leukocytes. Leukocytes play an important role in
protecting the body against infections.
pp. 586-587
Which action would the nurse implement when assessing a postoperative patient who had a
urinary catheter discontinued eight hours ago, is tolerating fluids, but is unable to void?
° @ Perform a bladder scan.
(O Schedule a cystometrogram.
O Obtain a residual urine test.
(O Order a kidneys, ureters, bladder (KUB) x-ray.
,Rationale
If the patient is unable to void, the bladder may be palpated for distention and percussed for dullness if it is
full, or a bladder scan may be done to determine the approximate amount of urine in the bladder. A
cystometrogram visualizes the bladder and evaluates vesicoureteral reflux. A KUB x-ray delineates size, shape,
and positions of kidneys and possibly a full bladder. Neither of these would be useful in this situation. A
residual urine test requires urination before catheterizing the patient to determine the amount of urine left in
the bladder, so this assessment would not be helpful for this patient.
p. 1016
Which term would the nurse use for factors related to health of individuals and groups that
explain why some people experience poorer health than others?
O Health status
O Social environment
° @ Determinants of health
(O Physical environment
Rationale
Determinants of health are factors related to the health of individuals and groups that explain why some
people experience poorer health than others. Health status describes the health of a person or a community.
Social environment and physical environment are factors that influence the health of an individual or group of
people.
.17
Which statement by the nurse is true regarding the health disparities associated with
patients of a minority group?
(O "They can easily communicate with health care professionals."
(O) "Older adults of this group receive more screening for prostate cancer."
@ @) 'Bias and prejudice can affect health care—seeking behavior in these people."
(O) "Chrenic illness rates for diabetes and hypertension are lower among these people.”
Rationale
Factors such as bias and prejudice of the health care provider can affect health care-seeking behavior in
minority populations and thus lead to health disparities. Minority patients generally face more difficulty
communicating with their health care provider. Older adults who belong to minority groups are less likely to
receive screening for prostate cancer. Obesity and chronic illness rates for diabetes and hypertension are
higher among minorities.
p. 20
Which drug is prescribed to stabilize vital signs and prevent seizures and delirium in a
patient withdrawing from alcohol?
O Thiamine
o @ Lorazepam
O Folic acid
(O Magnesium sulfate
Rationale
Patients withdrawing from alcohol experience tremors, seizures, and delirium. Benzodiazepines (e.g.,
lorazepam) reduce the signs and symptoms of alcohol withdrawal and the incidence of delirium and seizures.
Thiamine is given to prevent Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. Folic acid is a supplement for vitamin
deficiencies. Magnesium sulfate is given if serum levels of magnesium are low.
Test-Taking Tip: Identify option components as correct or incorrect. This may help you identify a wrong
answer.
p. 148
\X/hich henefit cameac fram 1ice af a clinical nathwav af rare hv the niirea?
, FY IS D ICI SN U MOn U G SISt U TGy U S by bie o
(O Length of stay increases.
(O Patient therapies are the primary focus.
(O The health care provider uses the pathway to prescribe medications.
@ @) The health care team is directed in daily care goals, which improves outcomes.
Rationale
A clinical pathway describes the patient care required at a specific time and day, which directs the health care
team in daily care goals. The interventions are initiated by the nurse and health care provider and designed to
achieve improved patient outcomes. Clinical pathways are designed to move the patient toward desired
outcomes within an estimated length ofstay and not designed to increase the length of stay. A clinical
pathway includes more than just therapies. A clinical pathway is an interdisciplinary approach that includes
interventions from multiple disciplines caring for the patient, not just prescription of medications.
Test-Taking Tip: Many times the correct answer is the longest alternative given, but do not count on it. NCLEX
item writers (those who write the questions) are also aware of this and attempt to avoid offering you such
"helpful hints."
5.9
In any clinical setting, which health care team member is responsible for developing an
individualized plan of care that includes nursing diagnoses, interventions, and outcomes
including the patient’s self-management care plan?
@ @ Registered nurse (RN)
O Nursing supervisor
(O Health care provider
(O Licensed practical/vocational nurse (LPN/VN)
Rationale
The RN is responsible for developing individualized plans of care for patients. The nursing plan of care
includes identification of nursing diagnoses based on assessment data, patient goals or outcomes, provision
of interventions, and continued evaluation of the plan’s effectiveness. The nursing supervisor is a manager or
administrator responsible for overseeing and directing multiple health care team members. The health care
provider determines the medical diagnosis based on testing and physical examination, prescribes
medications, and orders testing as needed. It is the nurse’s responsibility to carry out the health care
provider's prescription. The LPN/VN works under the supervision of an RN and cannot be responsible for
nursing interventions that require independent nursing knowledge, skill, or judgment.
5.6
Which explanation would the nurse associate with the patient who experienced progressive
renal failure over the last 10 years, dialysis for the last 5 years, and now has a diagnosis of
chronic anemia?
(O) Decreased renin production
(O Increased vitamin D production
(O Increased erythropoietin production
@ @) Decreased erythropoietin production
Rationale
The kidneys perform vital functions through participation in red blood cell (RBC) production and BP
regulation. Erythropoietin is a hormone produced in the kidneys and secreted in response to hypoxia and
decreased renal blood flow. Erythropoietin stimulates RBC production in the bone marrow. A deficiency of
erythropoietin occurs in kidney failure, leading to anemia. The patient with kidney failure (also called renal
failure) has a deficiency of the active metabolite of vitamin D and manifests problems of altered calcium and
phosphate balance. Renin is released into the bloodstream in response to decreased renal perfusion,
decreased arterial BP, decreased extracellular fluid (ECF), decreased serum Na * concentration, and increased
urinary Na * concentration. It has no direct effect on blood cell production.
p. 1009
A nurse is explaining mitosis and meiosis to a group of nursing students. Which statement
would the nurse include while educating the group?
Exit
Final 100 Practice HESI EAQ's from Prof. C
[ Due Apr 23, 2023 by 8:59 pm
Final Score
73%
73 out of 100 questions answered correctly
\/ Completed on Apr 23,2023 10:10 am
Incorrect (27) v
Correct (73) ~
Which bacteria live in the large intestine and act to protect the body by preventing the
overgrowth of other microorganisms?
O Bile
(O Pathogens
° @ Normal flora
(O Clostridium difficile
Rationale
Normal flora are bacteria that live in the large intestine and protect the body by preventing an overgrowth of
harmful microorganisms. Bile is a green-brown alkaline fluid that assists in digestion. A pathogen is a
microorganism that causes disease or harm to the body. Clostridium difficile is a gram-positive pathogen that
causes diarrhea.
p212
Which is the primary function of red blood cells (RBCs)?
(O Initiating the blood coagulation process
@ @) Transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide
(O Ingesting and destroying unwanted organisms
(O) Protecting the body against infections and foreign invaders
Rationale
RBCs transport oxygen and carbon dioxide by binding those chemicals to the iron component of hemoglobin.
Platelets initiate the blood coagulation process. Phagocytosis (the process of engulfing and destroying
unwanted organisms) is the primary function of granular leukocytes. Leukocytes play an important role in
protecting the body against infections.
pp. 586-587
Which action would the nurse implement when assessing a postoperative patient who had a
urinary catheter discontinued eight hours ago, is tolerating fluids, but is unable to void?
° @ Perform a bladder scan.
(O Schedule a cystometrogram.
O Obtain a residual urine test.
(O Order a kidneys, ureters, bladder (KUB) x-ray.
,Rationale
If the patient is unable to void, the bladder may be palpated for distention and percussed for dullness if it is
full, or a bladder scan may be done to determine the approximate amount of urine in the bladder. A
cystometrogram visualizes the bladder and evaluates vesicoureteral reflux. A KUB x-ray delineates size, shape,
and positions of kidneys and possibly a full bladder. Neither of these would be useful in this situation. A
residual urine test requires urination before catheterizing the patient to determine the amount of urine left in
the bladder, so this assessment would not be helpful for this patient.
p. 1016
Which term would the nurse use for factors related to health of individuals and groups that
explain why some people experience poorer health than others?
O Health status
O Social environment
° @ Determinants of health
(O Physical environment
Rationale
Determinants of health are factors related to the health of individuals and groups that explain why some
people experience poorer health than others. Health status describes the health of a person or a community.
Social environment and physical environment are factors that influence the health of an individual or group of
people.
.17
Which statement by the nurse is true regarding the health disparities associated with
patients of a minority group?
(O "They can easily communicate with health care professionals."
(O) "Older adults of this group receive more screening for prostate cancer."
@ @) 'Bias and prejudice can affect health care—seeking behavior in these people."
(O) "Chrenic illness rates for diabetes and hypertension are lower among these people.”
Rationale
Factors such as bias and prejudice of the health care provider can affect health care-seeking behavior in
minority populations and thus lead to health disparities. Minority patients generally face more difficulty
communicating with their health care provider. Older adults who belong to minority groups are less likely to
receive screening for prostate cancer. Obesity and chronic illness rates for diabetes and hypertension are
higher among minorities.
p. 20
Which drug is prescribed to stabilize vital signs and prevent seizures and delirium in a
patient withdrawing from alcohol?
O Thiamine
o @ Lorazepam
O Folic acid
(O Magnesium sulfate
Rationale
Patients withdrawing from alcohol experience tremors, seizures, and delirium. Benzodiazepines (e.g.,
lorazepam) reduce the signs and symptoms of alcohol withdrawal and the incidence of delirium and seizures.
Thiamine is given to prevent Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. Folic acid is a supplement for vitamin
deficiencies. Magnesium sulfate is given if serum levels of magnesium are low.
Test-Taking Tip: Identify option components as correct or incorrect. This may help you identify a wrong
answer.
p. 148
\X/hich henefit cameac fram 1ice af a clinical nathwav af rare hv the niirea?
, FY IS D ICI SN U MOn U G SISt U TGy U S by bie o
(O Length of stay increases.
(O Patient therapies are the primary focus.
(O The health care provider uses the pathway to prescribe medications.
@ @) The health care team is directed in daily care goals, which improves outcomes.
Rationale
A clinical pathway describes the patient care required at a specific time and day, which directs the health care
team in daily care goals. The interventions are initiated by the nurse and health care provider and designed to
achieve improved patient outcomes. Clinical pathways are designed to move the patient toward desired
outcomes within an estimated length ofstay and not designed to increase the length of stay. A clinical
pathway includes more than just therapies. A clinical pathway is an interdisciplinary approach that includes
interventions from multiple disciplines caring for the patient, not just prescription of medications.
Test-Taking Tip: Many times the correct answer is the longest alternative given, but do not count on it. NCLEX
item writers (those who write the questions) are also aware of this and attempt to avoid offering you such
"helpful hints."
5.9
In any clinical setting, which health care team member is responsible for developing an
individualized plan of care that includes nursing diagnoses, interventions, and outcomes
including the patient’s self-management care plan?
@ @ Registered nurse (RN)
O Nursing supervisor
(O Health care provider
(O Licensed practical/vocational nurse (LPN/VN)
Rationale
The RN is responsible for developing individualized plans of care for patients. The nursing plan of care
includes identification of nursing diagnoses based on assessment data, patient goals or outcomes, provision
of interventions, and continued evaluation of the plan’s effectiveness. The nursing supervisor is a manager or
administrator responsible for overseeing and directing multiple health care team members. The health care
provider determines the medical diagnosis based on testing and physical examination, prescribes
medications, and orders testing as needed. It is the nurse’s responsibility to carry out the health care
provider's prescription. The LPN/VN works under the supervision of an RN and cannot be responsible for
nursing interventions that require independent nursing knowledge, skill, or judgment.
5.6
Which explanation would the nurse associate with the patient who experienced progressive
renal failure over the last 10 years, dialysis for the last 5 years, and now has a diagnosis of
chronic anemia?
(O) Decreased renin production
(O Increased vitamin D production
(O Increased erythropoietin production
@ @) Decreased erythropoietin production
Rationale
The kidneys perform vital functions through participation in red blood cell (RBC) production and BP
regulation. Erythropoietin is a hormone produced in the kidneys and secreted in response to hypoxia and
decreased renal blood flow. Erythropoietin stimulates RBC production in the bone marrow. A deficiency of
erythropoietin occurs in kidney failure, leading to anemia. The patient with kidney failure (also called renal
failure) has a deficiency of the active metabolite of vitamin D and manifests problems of altered calcium and
phosphate balance. Renin is released into the bloodstream in response to decreased renal perfusion,
decreased arterial BP, decreased extracellular fluid (ECF), decreased serum Na * concentration, and increased
urinary Na * concentration. It has no direct effect on blood cell production.
p. 1009
A nurse is explaining mitosis and meiosis to a group of nursing students. Which statement
would the nurse include while educating the group?
