ENVSOCTY 1HB3 EXAM REVIEW
space - Answer -the areal extent of something
absolute space - Answer -objective, physically real with definable boundaries
relative space - Answer -subjective (perceptual) and variable overtime
spatial - Answer -refers to space on the earth's surface
location - Answer -refers to a particular position in space
absolute location - Answer -latitude and longitude coordinates
relative (perceived) location - Answer -e.g., a short drive from downtown, or adjacent to
cootes paradise
nominal location - Answer -a location that is given a name
toponym - Answer -a place name
place - Answer -a location that has acquired particular meaning or significance
sense of place - Answer -the feelings evoked by, or deep attachments to, specific
locations (places) such as home, that result from the experiences individuals associate
with the location
sacred place - Answer -a locatio with particular significance to an individual or a group,
usually (but not necessarily) for religious reasons
placelessness - Answer -the nature of locations that lack uniqueness or individual
character (ex: chain stores)
region - Answer -a part of the earth's surface that displays internal homogeneity and is
relatively distinct from surrounding areas according to certain criteria
regionalization - Answer -process of classifying locations or areas of the earth's surface
into various regions
scale - Answer -regions vary depending on one's spatial perspective
theme - Answer -regions vary depending on one's thematic perspective
,landscape - Answer -the characteristics or overall appearances of a particular area or
location, comprising of a combination of natural and human influences
cultural landscape - Answer -the characteristics, or overall appearance of a particular
area or location, resulting from human modification of the natural environment
distance - Answer -a measure of the amount of space between two or more locations
absolute distance - Answer -measured in km, ft, miles, etc
travel distance - Answer -"How long does it take to travel to that place"
economic/communication distance - Answer -"How much gas (money) does it cost to
get there"
psychological distance - Answer -distance varies depending on the circumstances yoou
are (perception), for example going on a road trip with your friends would seem to go by
faster compared to if you went on a road trip by yourself in the rain
perception - Answer -the process by which humans acquire information about physical
and social environments
distribution - Answer -the spatial arrangement of geographic phenomena (e.g., people)
within an area
Three forms of spatial distribution - Answer -Density, concentration, pattern
density - Answer -a measure of the relationship between the number of geoographic
phenomena (e.g., people) and a unit of area; typically expressed as a ratio
concentration - Answer -the spread of geographic phenomena over a given area
clustered/agglomerated/concentrated - Answer -occurs when the distance between
geographic phenomena is small
dispersed/deagglomerated/scattered - Answer -occurs when geographic phenomena is
large
pattern - Answer -the geometric, regular, or other spatial arrangement of geographic
phenomena in a given area
diffusion - Answer -the process of geographic phenomena spreading over space and
through time
cultural diffusion - Answer -the process of cultural phenomena (e.g., ideas, innovations,
trends, languages) spreading over space and through time
, relocation diffusion - Answer -one of two basic forms of diffusion, in whch the
geographic phenomena are physically moved from one area to another, such as
through immigratin or trade
expansion diffusion - Answer -one of the two basic forms of diffusion in which
geographic phenomena spread from one area to another through an additive process
contagious diffusion - Answer -one of two forms of expasion diffusion in which
geographic phenomena spread rapidly and throughout an area
hierarchial diffusion - Answer -one of two forms of expansion diffusion in which
geographic phenomena spread to key people or places and then gradually hroughout
the rest of a population or an area
spatial interaction - Answer -The nature and extent of the relationship or linkages
between locations; the extent of spatial interaction is related to the distances between
locations and the physical and intangible connections between them.
First law of geography - Answer -everything is related to everything else, but near
things are more related than distant things (Waldo Tobler, 1970)
distance decay - Answer -the effects of distance on spatiial interaction; generally,
intensity of interaction diminishes with increasing distance
friction of distance - Answer -a measure of the restraining effect of distance on human
interaction and movement; generally, greater time and cost are incurred with increasing
distance
accesibility - Answer -a variable quality of a location, expressing the opportunity for
interaction with other locations
connectivity - Answer -the direct and indirect linkages between two or more locations
How are maps constructed - Answer -Maps are socially constructed - they reflect the
power of the people that draw them
map - Answer -A two-dimensional, or flat, representation of Earth's surface or a portion
of it
projection - Answer -a process to transform the spherical earth's surface onto two-
dimensional map; a process to transfer locations from the earth;s surface onto a flat
map
space - Answer -the areal extent of something
absolute space - Answer -objective, physically real with definable boundaries
relative space - Answer -subjective (perceptual) and variable overtime
spatial - Answer -refers to space on the earth's surface
location - Answer -refers to a particular position in space
absolute location - Answer -latitude and longitude coordinates
relative (perceived) location - Answer -e.g., a short drive from downtown, or adjacent to
cootes paradise
nominal location - Answer -a location that is given a name
toponym - Answer -a place name
place - Answer -a location that has acquired particular meaning or significance
sense of place - Answer -the feelings evoked by, or deep attachments to, specific
locations (places) such as home, that result from the experiences individuals associate
with the location
sacred place - Answer -a locatio with particular significance to an individual or a group,
usually (but not necessarily) for religious reasons
placelessness - Answer -the nature of locations that lack uniqueness or individual
character (ex: chain stores)
region - Answer -a part of the earth's surface that displays internal homogeneity and is
relatively distinct from surrounding areas according to certain criteria
regionalization - Answer -process of classifying locations or areas of the earth's surface
into various regions
scale - Answer -regions vary depending on one's spatial perspective
theme - Answer -regions vary depending on one's thematic perspective
,landscape - Answer -the characteristics or overall appearances of a particular area or
location, comprising of a combination of natural and human influences
cultural landscape - Answer -the characteristics, or overall appearance of a particular
area or location, resulting from human modification of the natural environment
distance - Answer -a measure of the amount of space between two or more locations
absolute distance - Answer -measured in km, ft, miles, etc
travel distance - Answer -"How long does it take to travel to that place"
economic/communication distance - Answer -"How much gas (money) does it cost to
get there"
psychological distance - Answer -distance varies depending on the circumstances yoou
are (perception), for example going on a road trip with your friends would seem to go by
faster compared to if you went on a road trip by yourself in the rain
perception - Answer -the process by which humans acquire information about physical
and social environments
distribution - Answer -the spatial arrangement of geographic phenomena (e.g., people)
within an area
Three forms of spatial distribution - Answer -Density, concentration, pattern
density - Answer -a measure of the relationship between the number of geoographic
phenomena (e.g., people) and a unit of area; typically expressed as a ratio
concentration - Answer -the spread of geographic phenomena over a given area
clustered/agglomerated/concentrated - Answer -occurs when the distance between
geographic phenomena is small
dispersed/deagglomerated/scattered - Answer -occurs when geographic phenomena is
large
pattern - Answer -the geometric, regular, or other spatial arrangement of geographic
phenomena in a given area
diffusion - Answer -the process of geographic phenomena spreading over space and
through time
cultural diffusion - Answer -the process of cultural phenomena (e.g., ideas, innovations,
trends, languages) spreading over space and through time
, relocation diffusion - Answer -one of two basic forms of diffusion, in whch the
geographic phenomena are physically moved from one area to another, such as
through immigratin or trade
expansion diffusion - Answer -one of the two basic forms of diffusion in which
geographic phenomena spread from one area to another through an additive process
contagious diffusion - Answer -one of two forms of expasion diffusion in which
geographic phenomena spread rapidly and throughout an area
hierarchial diffusion - Answer -one of two forms of expansion diffusion in which
geographic phenomena spread to key people or places and then gradually hroughout
the rest of a population or an area
spatial interaction - Answer -The nature and extent of the relationship or linkages
between locations; the extent of spatial interaction is related to the distances between
locations and the physical and intangible connections between them.
First law of geography - Answer -everything is related to everything else, but near
things are more related than distant things (Waldo Tobler, 1970)
distance decay - Answer -the effects of distance on spatiial interaction; generally,
intensity of interaction diminishes with increasing distance
friction of distance - Answer -a measure of the restraining effect of distance on human
interaction and movement; generally, greater time and cost are incurred with increasing
distance
accesibility - Answer -a variable quality of a location, expressing the opportunity for
interaction with other locations
connectivity - Answer -the direct and indirect linkages between two or more locations
How are maps constructed - Answer -Maps are socially constructed - they reflect the
power of the people that draw them
map - Answer -A two-dimensional, or flat, representation of Earth's surface or a portion
of it
projection - Answer -a process to transform the spherical earth's surface onto two-
dimensional map; a process to transfer locations from the earth;s surface onto a flat
map
