LUCHTVERVOER
Thomas De Boeck
Academiejaar: 2023-2024
Docent: Nikki Leys
Bedrijfsmanagement: Supply Chain Management
,Inhoudsopgave
Hoofdstuk 1: Oorsprong en belang van de luchtvaart ...................................................................................... 6
1.1 Inleiding ................................................................................................................................................ 6
1.2 Geschiedenis van de luchtvaart ............................................................................................................ 6
1.3 Belang van de luchtvaart ..................................................................................................................... 6
1.3.1 Enkele kerncijfers ............................................................................................................................. 6
1.3.2 Groeifactoren ........................................................................................................................................ 7
1.4 Waarom kiezen voor luch>ransport? ................................................................................................... 7
Factor 1: WAARDE.......................................................................................................................................... 7
Factor 2: SNELHEID ........................................................................................................................................ 8
Factor 3: VOLUME .......................................................................................................................................... 8
1.5 OrganisaDes in het luch>ransport........................................................................................................ 8
InternaGonale publiekrechtelijke organisaGes............................................................................................... 8
InternaGonale privaatrechtelijke organisaGes ............................................................................................... 9
NaGonale publiekrechtelijke organisaGes .................................................................................................... 10
NaGonale privaatrechtelijke organisaGes .................................................................................................... 10
Hoofdstuk 2: Luchtvracht in België ................................................................................................................ 11
2.1 De luchthavens ........................................................................................................................................... 11
Brussels Airport (BRU) ................................................................................................................................. 11
Liège Airport (LGG) ...................................................................................................................................... 12
Charleroi Airport (CRL) ................................................................................................................................. 12
Ostend Airport (OST) ................................................................................................................................... 12
Antwerp Airport (ANR) ................................................................................................................................ 12
2.2 ParDjen binnen de luchtvracht .................................................................................................................... 13
Verzender (shipper/consignor) .................................................................................................................... 13
Geadresseerde (consignee) ......................................................................................................................... 13
Luchtvrachtagenten/expediteurs ................................................................................................................. 13
Luchtvaartmaatschappijen (airlines/carriers) .............................................................................................. 13
A\andelaars (ground handling agent/handlers) ......................................................................................... 14
General Sales and Service Agents (GSSA’s) .................................................................................................. 14
Douane (Customs) ....................................................................................................................................... 14
Beveiligingsbedrijven ................................................................................................................................... 14
Brokers (makelaars) ..................................................................................................................................... 15
Anderen ....................................................................................................................................................... 15
2.3 Het vliegtuig ............................................................................................................................................... 15
Hoofdstuk 3: Juridisch kader ......................................................................................................................... 16
3.1 Publiekrechtelijke regeling van het internaDonaal luchtvervoer ................................................................ 16
Freedoms of the air / privileges of the air / Air traffic rights ....................................................................... 17
3.1 Privaat recht ....................................................................................................................................... 19
Juridische bronnen ...................................................................................................................................... 19
Verdrag van Montreal .................................................................................................................................. 19
Hoofdstuk 4: Oefeningen les 4 ...................................................................................................................... 20
4.1 Oefeningen juridisch kader ......................................................................................................................... 20
4.2 Oefeningen technische aspecten ........................................................................................................ 22
Oefeningen opzoeken van codes ................................................................................................................. 22
Oefeningen opzoeken van landgegevens ..................................................................................................... 22
2
, 4.3 AfmeDngen van goederen .................................................................................................................. 23
Uitgangspunt ............................................................................................................................................... 23
ULD interchangeability................................................................................................................................. 23
4.4 Opzoeken van vluchten ....................................................................................................................... 24
4.5 Tijdzones en Djdverschillen ................................................................................................................. 25
4.6 Werkelijke transportduur.................................................................................................................... 25
Hoofdstuk 5: Basisprocessen ......................................................................................................................... 26
5.1 Inleiding ...................................................................................................................................................... 26
Verzender/shipper ....................................................................................................................................... 26
Geadresseerde/consignee ........................................................................................................................... 26
Expediteur/cargo agent/freight forwarder .................................................................................................. 26
Vervoerder (airline)/carrier.......................................................................................................................... 26
General Sales Agent (GSA) – General Sales & Services Agent (GSSA) .......................................................... 27
Gronda\andelaar/handling agent .............................................................................................................. 27
Douane/customs.......................................................................................................................................... 27
5.2 Exportproces ............................................................................................................................................... 28
Mogelijke afwijkingen .................................................................................................................................. 28
5.3 Importproces .............................................................................................................................................. 29
Mogelijke afwijkingen .................................................................................................................................. 29
5.4 Doorvoerproces .......................................................................................................................................... 30
5.5 Air waybill (AWB) ........................................................................................................................................ 30
5.6 Luchtvrachtbeveiliging ................................................................................................................................ 31
Weeelijk kader ............................................................................................................................................. 31
Verloop proces ............................................................................................................................................. 31
Cargo Security DeclaraGon........................................................................................................................... 32
5.7 Exportproces Brussels Airport ..................................................................................................................... 33
Ontstaan van de exportzending ................................................................................................................... 33
Aanmelding van de zending ......................................................................................................................... 33
A\alen en aanleveren van goederen .......................................................................................................... 33
Controle veiligheidsstatus ............................................................................................................................ 33
ReservaGe .................................................................................................................................................... 34
Fysieke behandeling .................................................................................................................................... 34
Uitklaring van de goederen.......................................................................................................................... 34
Aanleveren van de goederen bij de a\andelaar ......................................................................................... 35
Behandeling door de a\andelaar ............................................................................................................... 35
Opvolging zending door Expediteur............................................................................................................. 35
FacturaGe ..................................................................................................................................................... 35
5.8 Importproces Brussels Airport .................................................................................................................... 36
Ontstaan van de importzending .................................................................................................................. 36
Aankomst goederen bij a\andelaar ............................................................................................................ 36
Invoerformaliteiten ...................................................................................................................................... 36
5.9 Claims procedure ........................................................................................................................................ 37
Weeelijk kader ............................................................................................................................................. 37
Aansprakelijkheidsbeperkingen ................................................................................................................... 37
Procedure .................................................................................................................................................... 38
Claims: prakGsch .......................................................................................................................................... 38
Hoofdstuk 6: FarmaceuFsche producten ....................................................................................................... 39
6.1 Life science / Healthcare industrie .............................................................................................................. 39
3
, 6.2 Types farmaceuDsche producten ................................................................................................................ 39
Biologische geneesmiddelen ....................................................................................................................... 39
Generische geneesmiddelen ....................................................................................................................... 40
Blockbusters................................................................................................................................................. 40
Medische instrumenten en apparatuur ....................................................................................................... 40
Over the counter medicijnen ....................................................................................................................... 40
6.3 Services Djdens transport ........................................................................................................................... 41
Keep Cool (COL) ........................................................................................................................................... 41
Controlled Room Temperature (CRT) ........................................................................................................... 41
Keep Frozen (FRZ) ........................................................................................................................................ 41
General Cargo .............................................................................................................................................. 41
6.4 Verpakking .................................................................................................................................................. 42
AcGve packaging .......................................................................................................................................... 42
Passive packaging ........................................................................................................................................ 42
Normal packaging ........................................................................................................................................ 42
Markeringen ................................................................................................................................................ 42
Behandeling ................................................................................................................................................. 42
6.5 HCCP’s in air cargo en CEIV ......................................................................................................................... 43
Hazardous CriGcal Control Points (HCCP)..................................................................................................... 43
CEIV Pharma ................................................................................................................................................ 43
Hoofdstuk 7: Vrachtprijs................................................................................................................................ 44
7.1 Inleiding ...................................................................................................................................................... 44
Factoren ....................................................................................................................................................... 44
Basisformule ................................................................................................................................................ 44
Tarifeerbaar gewicht .................................................................................................................................... 44
Afrondingsregels voor afmeGngen .............................................................................................................. 44
Afrondingsregels voor gewichten ................................................................................................................ 45
Afrondingsregels voor munten .................................................................................................................... 45
7.2 Airport-to-airportkosten (rate of charge) ................................................................................................... 46
Inleiding ....................................................................................................................................................... 46
Basisregels in verband met tarieven ............................................................................................................ 46
General Cargo Rate (GCR) ............................................................................................................................ 46
Andere vorm van GCR: Europese vrachearievenstructuur .......................................................................... 48
Specific Commodity Rates (SCR) .................................................................................................................. 48
Class Rates (CR) ............................................................................................................................................ 51
Andere mogelijkheden................................................................................................................................. 52
ConsolidaGe ................................................................................................................................................. 53
Hoofdstuk 8: Bijkomende kosten en kosten bij aankomst .............................................................................. 55
8.1 Bijkomende kosten – surcharges................................................................................................................. 55
ValuaGon Charge .......................................................................................................................................... 55
Charges Collect Fee (FC) .............................................................................................................................. 56
Insurance premium (IN) ............................................................................................................................... 56
DocumentaGon Charges .............................................................................................................................. 57
Check Fees ................................................................................................................................................... 57
Fuel Surcharge (MY) ..................................................................................................................................... 58
Security Surcharge (SC) ................................................................................................................................ 58
Dibursement Fee (DB).................................................................................................................................. 58
8.2 Kosten bij aankomst.................................................................................................................................... 59
Laat volgen ................................................................................................................................................... 59
Inklaring ....................................................................................................................................................... 59
Behandeling en opslag ................................................................................................................................. 59
4
Thomas De Boeck
Academiejaar: 2023-2024
Docent: Nikki Leys
Bedrijfsmanagement: Supply Chain Management
,Inhoudsopgave
Hoofdstuk 1: Oorsprong en belang van de luchtvaart ...................................................................................... 6
1.1 Inleiding ................................................................................................................................................ 6
1.2 Geschiedenis van de luchtvaart ............................................................................................................ 6
1.3 Belang van de luchtvaart ..................................................................................................................... 6
1.3.1 Enkele kerncijfers ............................................................................................................................. 6
1.3.2 Groeifactoren ........................................................................................................................................ 7
1.4 Waarom kiezen voor luch>ransport? ................................................................................................... 7
Factor 1: WAARDE.......................................................................................................................................... 7
Factor 2: SNELHEID ........................................................................................................................................ 8
Factor 3: VOLUME .......................................................................................................................................... 8
1.5 OrganisaDes in het luch>ransport........................................................................................................ 8
InternaGonale publiekrechtelijke organisaGes............................................................................................... 8
InternaGonale privaatrechtelijke organisaGes ............................................................................................... 9
NaGonale publiekrechtelijke organisaGes .................................................................................................... 10
NaGonale privaatrechtelijke organisaGes .................................................................................................... 10
Hoofdstuk 2: Luchtvracht in België ................................................................................................................ 11
2.1 De luchthavens ........................................................................................................................................... 11
Brussels Airport (BRU) ................................................................................................................................. 11
Liège Airport (LGG) ...................................................................................................................................... 12
Charleroi Airport (CRL) ................................................................................................................................. 12
Ostend Airport (OST) ................................................................................................................................... 12
Antwerp Airport (ANR) ................................................................................................................................ 12
2.2 ParDjen binnen de luchtvracht .................................................................................................................... 13
Verzender (shipper/consignor) .................................................................................................................... 13
Geadresseerde (consignee) ......................................................................................................................... 13
Luchtvrachtagenten/expediteurs ................................................................................................................. 13
Luchtvaartmaatschappijen (airlines/carriers) .............................................................................................. 13
A\andelaars (ground handling agent/handlers) ......................................................................................... 14
General Sales and Service Agents (GSSA’s) .................................................................................................. 14
Douane (Customs) ....................................................................................................................................... 14
Beveiligingsbedrijven ................................................................................................................................... 14
Brokers (makelaars) ..................................................................................................................................... 15
Anderen ....................................................................................................................................................... 15
2.3 Het vliegtuig ............................................................................................................................................... 15
Hoofdstuk 3: Juridisch kader ......................................................................................................................... 16
3.1 Publiekrechtelijke regeling van het internaDonaal luchtvervoer ................................................................ 16
Freedoms of the air / privileges of the air / Air traffic rights ....................................................................... 17
3.1 Privaat recht ....................................................................................................................................... 19
Juridische bronnen ...................................................................................................................................... 19
Verdrag van Montreal .................................................................................................................................. 19
Hoofdstuk 4: Oefeningen les 4 ...................................................................................................................... 20
4.1 Oefeningen juridisch kader ......................................................................................................................... 20
4.2 Oefeningen technische aspecten ........................................................................................................ 22
Oefeningen opzoeken van codes ................................................................................................................. 22
Oefeningen opzoeken van landgegevens ..................................................................................................... 22
2
, 4.3 AfmeDngen van goederen .................................................................................................................. 23
Uitgangspunt ............................................................................................................................................... 23
ULD interchangeability................................................................................................................................. 23
4.4 Opzoeken van vluchten ....................................................................................................................... 24
4.5 Tijdzones en Djdverschillen ................................................................................................................. 25
4.6 Werkelijke transportduur.................................................................................................................... 25
Hoofdstuk 5: Basisprocessen ......................................................................................................................... 26
5.1 Inleiding ...................................................................................................................................................... 26
Verzender/shipper ....................................................................................................................................... 26
Geadresseerde/consignee ........................................................................................................................... 26
Expediteur/cargo agent/freight forwarder .................................................................................................. 26
Vervoerder (airline)/carrier.......................................................................................................................... 26
General Sales Agent (GSA) – General Sales & Services Agent (GSSA) .......................................................... 27
Gronda\andelaar/handling agent .............................................................................................................. 27
Douane/customs.......................................................................................................................................... 27
5.2 Exportproces ............................................................................................................................................... 28
Mogelijke afwijkingen .................................................................................................................................. 28
5.3 Importproces .............................................................................................................................................. 29
Mogelijke afwijkingen .................................................................................................................................. 29
5.4 Doorvoerproces .......................................................................................................................................... 30
5.5 Air waybill (AWB) ........................................................................................................................................ 30
5.6 Luchtvrachtbeveiliging ................................................................................................................................ 31
Weeelijk kader ............................................................................................................................................. 31
Verloop proces ............................................................................................................................................. 31
Cargo Security DeclaraGon........................................................................................................................... 32
5.7 Exportproces Brussels Airport ..................................................................................................................... 33
Ontstaan van de exportzending ................................................................................................................... 33
Aanmelding van de zending ......................................................................................................................... 33
A\alen en aanleveren van goederen .......................................................................................................... 33
Controle veiligheidsstatus ............................................................................................................................ 33
ReservaGe .................................................................................................................................................... 34
Fysieke behandeling .................................................................................................................................... 34
Uitklaring van de goederen.......................................................................................................................... 34
Aanleveren van de goederen bij de a\andelaar ......................................................................................... 35
Behandeling door de a\andelaar ............................................................................................................... 35
Opvolging zending door Expediteur............................................................................................................. 35
FacturaGe ..................................................................................................................................................... 35
5.8 Importproces Brussels Airport .................................................................................................................... 36
Ontstaan van de importzending .................................................................................................................. 36
Aankomst goederen bij a\andelaar ............................................................................................................ 36
Invoerformaliteiten ...................................................................................................................................... 36
5.9 Claims procedure ........................................................................................................................................ 37
Weeelijk kader ............................................................................................................................................. 37
Aansprakelijkheidsbeperkingen ................................................................................................................... 37
Procedure .................................................................................................................................................... 38
Claims: prakGsch .......................................................................................................................................... 38
Hoofdstuk 6: FarmaceuFsche producten ....................................................................................................... 39
6.1 Life science / Healthcare industrie .............................................................................................................. 39
3
, 6.2 Types farmaceuDsche producten ................................................................................................................ 39
Biologische geneesmiddelen ....................................................................................................................... 39
Generische geneesmiddelen ....................................................................................................................... 40
Blockbusters................................................................................................................................................. 40
Medische instrumenten en apparatuur ....................................................................................................... 40
Over the counter medicijnen ....................................................................................................................... 40
6.3 Services Djdens transport ........................................................................................................................... 41
Keep Cool (COL) ........................................................................................................................................... 41
Controlled Room Temperature (CRT) ........................................................................................................... 41
Keep Frozen (FRZ) ........................................................................................................................................ 41
General Cargo .............................................................................................................................................. 41
6.4 Verpakking .................................................................................................................................................. 42
AcGve packaging .......................................................................................................................................... 42
Passive packaging ........................................................................................................................................ 42
Normal packaging ........................................................................................................................................ 42
Markeringen ................................................................................................................................................ 42
Behandeling ................................................................................................................................................. 42
6.5 HCCP’s in air cargo en CEIV ......................................................................................................................... 43
Hazardous CriGcal Control Points (HCCP)..................................................................................................... 43
CEIV Pharma ................................................................................................................................................ 43
Hoofdstuk 7: Vrachtprijs................................................................................................................................ 44
7.1 Inleiding ...................................................................................................................................................... 44
Factoren ....................................................................................................................................................... 44
Basisformule ................................................................................................................................................ 44
Tarifeerbaar gewicht .................................................................................................................................... 44
Afrondingsregels voor afmeGngen .............................................................................................................. 44
Afrondingsregels voor gewichten ................................................................................................................ 45
Afrondingsregels voor munten .................................................................................................................... 45
7.2 Airport-to-airportkosten (rate of charge) ................................................................................................... 46
Inleiding ....................................................................................................................................................... 46
Basisregels in verband met tarieven ............................................................................................................ 46
General Cargo Rate (GCR) ............................................................................................................................ 46
Andere vorm van GCR: Europese vrachearievenstructuur .......................................................................... 48
Specific Commodity Rates (SCR) .................................................................................................................. 48
Class Rates (CR) ............................................................................................................................................ 51
Andere mogelijkheden................................................................................................................................. 52
ConsolidaGe ................................................................................................................................................. 53
Hoofdstuk 8: Bijkomende kosten en kosten bij aankomst .............................................................................. 55
8.1 Bijkomende kosten – surcharges................................................................................................................. 55
ValuaGon Charge .......................................................................................................................................... 55
Charges Collect Fee (FC) .............................................................................................................................. 56
Insurance premium (IN) ............................................................................................................................... 56
DocumentaGon Charges .............................................................................................................................. 57
Check Fees ................................................................................................................................................... 57
Fuel Surcharge (MY) ..................................................................................................................................... 58
Security Surcharge (SC) ................................................................................................................................ 58
Dibursement Fee (DB).................................................................................................................................. 58
8.2 Kosten bij aankomst.................................................................................................................................... 59
Laat volgen ................................................................................................................................................... 59
Inklaring ....................................................................................................................................................... 59
Behandeling en opslag ................................................................................................................................. 59
4
