UMCP/USG BCHM 463 Biochemistry Fall 2026 - Exam 1
with all Correct & 100% Verified Answers |Latest
Version| Already Graded A+
Rules of Living Matter ✔Correct Answer-1. Highly complex and organized.
Rules of Living Matter ✔Correct Answer-2. Coordinated/dynamic interaction of individual
components.
Rules of Living Matter ✔Correct Answer-3. Absorb/eat food to transform to energy to do work.
Rules of Living Matter ✔Correct Answer-4. Respond to surroundings.
Rules of Living Matter ✔Correct Answer-5. Precise self-replication with room for evolution
(changing environment necessitates evolution).
Characteristic of the Cell ✔Correct Answer-1. All Living organisms made of cells.
2. Some are single celled.
3. Specialized cells are found in more complex and larger organisms.
Shared Characteristics: Bacterium and Eukaryote ✔Correct Answer-Plasma membrane, ribosomes,
cytoplasm.
Bacteria Only ✔Correct Answer-Nucleoid (No compartmentalization)
Eukaryotic (Animal) Cells Only ✔Correct Answer-Membrane-bounded organelles.
3 Domains: Archaea, bacteria, eukaryotes ✔Correct Answer-Distinguishable by Cellular and
Molecular differences. Although, Many bio-reactions are similar (some even identical).
6 Kingdoms ✔Correct Answer-1. Archaea (Unicellular Prokaryote)
2. Bacteria (Unicellular Prokaryote)
3. Protista (Unicellular Eukaryote)
4. Fungi (Uni- OR Multi-celllar Eukaryote)
5. Plant (Multicellular Eukaryote)
6. Animalia (Multicellular Eukaryote)
Bacterium Cell Wall ✔Correct Answer-Peptidoglycan composition. Mechanical support, Provides
structure, protection, and prevents hypo/hyper-tonic pressure in aqueous environments.
Bacterium Flagella ✔Correct Answer-Motion. Think Boat Motor.
Bacterium Pilli ✔Correct Answer-Adhesive mostly, some motion.
Bacterium Fibriae ✔Correct Answer-Adhesion. Velcro for bacterium.
Bacterium Cell Membrane ✔Correct Answer-Lipid + Protein. Permeable Layer. In/Out Regulation,
Selectivity.
,Bacterium Nucloid ✔Correct Answer-DNA + Protein. Genetic Information.
Bacterium Ribosomes ✔Correct Answer-RNA + Protein. Protein synthesis.
Eukaryotic Nucleus ✔Correct Answer-"True Nucleus" . Evolutionarily successful because it protects
the DNA. Site of DNA metabolism, import/export via nuclear pores.
Anuclear Eukaryotic Cells ✔Correct Answer-No nucleus, but eukaryotic. Basically storage cells. e.g.
Red Blood Cells.
Eukaryotic Mitochondria ✔Correct Answer-Energy production in animals, plants, and fungi.
Eukaryotic Chloroplasts ✔Correct Answer-Photosynthesis in plants.
Eukaryotic Lysosomes (Not Found In Plants) ✔Correct Answer-Cellular digestion of un-needed
molecules. (NOT IN PLANTS)
Eukaryotic Organelles - The Huge Advantage ✔Correct Answer-Spatial separation of energy-
consuming and energy-yielding reactions. Maintains homeostasis and keeps cell away from
equilibrium (Equilibrium = Bad for Cells e.g. Concentration Gradients).
Specific to Plants ✔Correct Answer-NO LYSOSOMES. Chloroplasts. Cell Wall. Plasmodesmata.
Vacuole.
Cytoplasm ✔Correct Answer-A highly viscous solution which is the home of lots and lots of cellular
reactions.
Cytoskeleton BIG ✔Correct Answer-Micro-tubules.
Cytoskeleton Medium ✔Correct Answer-Intermediate Filaments.
Cytoskeleton Small ✔Correct Answer-Actin Filaments.
Cytoskeleton ✔Correct Answer-Provides shape, transport paths, organization, cellular movement.
Note: Built and Broken Constantly - Not static - (e.g. Amoeba psuedopod movement).
Biochemistry ✔Correct Answer-Chemistry of life. The basis of life and the reactions which take
place.
Chemotrophs ✔Correct Answer-"Chemical-Eater". Organism which energy is of the chemical
variety.
chemoHETEROtrophs ✔Correct Answer-"Chemical-Organic_Compound_Carbon_Source-Eater".
Final electron acceptor may or may not be O2.
Benefits of Chemical Reactions in Living Organisms ✔Correct Answer-1. Allows interactions of
Individual components to be dynamic and coordinated.
2. Allows response and sense of surroundings through feedback loops.
3. Allows precise self-replication with enough wiggle room for evolution.
, Phototrophs ✔Correct Answer-"Light_Energy-Eater". Sunlight energy combined with an option of 2
carbon sources. Plants, green bacteria, cyanobacteria.
Regulatory Measures for Cellular Environment ✔Correct Answer-Catalysts used to accelerate
reactions by stabilizing the transition state intermediate and thus lowering activation energy. Also,
Feedback loops used to organize the metabolism as part of ___.
Amino Acids - The ABC's of Life ✔Correct Answer-NH3+ and COO- and H and some R group on a
Carbon is the basic structure of an amino acid (Zwitterion Form, of course).
Histidine (R group of amino acid) ✔Correct Answer-where carbon of amino acid is C-1: 3,5-di-
amine-4,6-di-ene (think cyclopentane structure though)
Nucleic Acids ✔Correct Answer-These are examples of _____:
U,T,G,C,A.
ATP
ATP ✔Correct Answer-Adenine + Ribose Sugar + 3 Phosphate Groups
Phospholipid Composition ✔Correct Answer-Lipid + Glycerol (+ Choline)
Monomer>Macromolecule>Supra-molecule (examples) ✔Correct Answer-1.
Nucleotide>DNA>Chromatin
2. Amino Acid>Protein>Plasma Membrane
3. Sugars>Cellulose>Cell Wall
Essential Elements ✔Correct Answer-Carbon is unique. 30 Essential Elements. Mostly, CHNOPS.
And Metal ions which are important: K, Na, Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe
(important for metabolism).
Common function groups (See Text) ✔Correct Answer-A biomolecule(s) often has many function
groups in one molecule.
e.g.Methyl, Ethyl, Phenyl, Carbonyl, Ether, Ester, Acetyl, Anhydride, Guanidinium, Imidizole, etc.
Stereoisomer ✔Correct Answer-Same molecular formula and structure but different orientation
around single bonds and thus different physical properties and light refractive properties.
Enantiomers ✔Correct Answer-Mirror images with different, opposite, light refractive properties,
and identical physical properties. Same Molecular formula.
Diastereomers ✔Correct Answer-Same Molecular formula. No Mirror image thus different physical
and chemical properties.
Stereo-specificity among Bio-molecules ✔Correct Answer-Macromolecules have Unique Binding
Pockets.
Binding of chiral molecules are stereospecific. Most bio-molecules are chiral and thus produce chiral
molecules thus everything is stereospecific (most everything, of course).
ATP ✔Correct Answer-Chemical Currency of energy.
ATP >>> (-1 Phosphate Group) >>> ADP + inorganic phosphate + energy >>> (-1 Phosphate Group)
>>> AMP + inorganic phosphate + energy.
with all Correct & 100% Verified Answers |Latest
Version| Already Graded A+
Rules of Living Matter ✔Correct Answer-1. Highly complex and organized.
Rules of Living Matter ✔Correct Answer-2. Coordinated/dynamic interaction of individual
components.
Rules of Living Matter ✔Correct Answer-3. Absorb/eat food to transform to energy to do work.
Rules of Living Matter ✔Correct Answer-4. Respond to surroundings.
Rules of Living Matter ✔Correct Answer-5. Precise self-replication with room for evolution
(changing environment necessitates evolution).
Characteristic of the Cell ✔Correct Answer-1. All Living organisms made of cells.
2. Some are single celled.
3. Specialized cells are found in more complex and larger organisms.
Shared Characteristics: Bacterium and Eukaryote ✔Correct Answer-Plasma membrane, ribosomes,
cytoplasm.
Bacteria Only ✔Correct Answer-Nucleoid (No compartmentalization)
Eukaryotic (Animal) Cells Only ✔Correct Answer-Membrane-bounded organelles.
3 Domains: Archaea, bacteria, eukaryotes ✔Correct Answer-Distinguishable by Cellular and
Molecular differences. Although, Many bio-reactions are similar (some even identical).
6 Kingdoms ✔Correct Answer-1. Archaea (Unicellular Prokaryote)
2. Bacteria (Unicellular Prokaryote)
3. Protista (Unicellular Eukaryote)
4. Fungi (Uni- OR Multi-celllar Eukaryote)
5. Plant (Multicellular Eukaryote)
6. Animalia (Multicellular Eukaryote)
Bacterium Cell Wall ✔Correct Answer-Peptidoglycan composition. Mechanical support, Provides
structure, protection, and prevents hypo/hyper-tonic pressure in aqueous environments.
Bacterium Flagella ✔Correct Answer-Motion. Think Boat Motor.
Bacterium Pilli ✔Correct Answer-Adhesive mostly, some motion.
Bacterium Fibriae ✔Correct Answer-Adhesion. Velcro for bacterium.
Bacterium Cell Membrane ✔Correct Answer-Lipid + Protein. Permeable Layer. In/Out Regulation,
Selectivity.
,Bacterium Nucloid ✔Correct Answer-DNA + Protein. Genetic Information.
Bacterium Ribosomes ✔Correct Answer-RNA + Protein. Protein synthesis.
Eukaryotic Nucleus ✔Correct Answer-"True Nucleus" . Evolutionarily successful because it protects
the DNA. Site of DNA metabolism, import/export via nuclear pores.
Anuclear Eukaryotic Cells ✔Correct Answer-No nucleus, but eukaryotic. Basically storage cells. e.g.
Red Blood Cells.
Eukaryotic Mitochondria ✔Correct Answer-Energy production in animals, plants, and fungi.
Eukaryotic Chloroplasts ✔Correct Answer-Photosynthesis in plants.
Eukaryotic Lysosomes (Not Found In Plants) ✔Correct Answer-Cellular digestion of un-needed
molecules. (NOT IN PLANTS)
Eukaryotic Organelles - The Huge Advantage ✔Correct Answer-Spatial separation of energy-
consuming and energy-yielding reactions. Maintains homeostasis and keeps cell away from
equilibrium (Equilibrium = Bad for Cells e.g. Concentration Gradients).
Specific to Plants ✔Correct Answer-NO LYSOSOMES. Chloroplasts. Cell Wall. Plasmodesmata.
Vacuole.
Cytoplasm ✔Correct Answer-A highly viscous solution which is the home of lots and lots of cellular
reactions.
Cytoskeleton BIG ✔Correct Answer-Micro-tubules.
Cytoskeleton Medium ✔Correct Answer-Intermediate Filaments.
Cytoskeleton Small ✔Correct Answer-Actin Filaments.
Cytoskeleton ✔Correct Answer-Provides shape, transport paths, organization, cellular movement.
Note: Built and Broken Constantly - Not static - (e.g. Amoeba psuedopod movement).
Biochemistry ✔Correct Answer-Chemistry of life. The basis of life and the reactions which take
place.
Chemotrophs ✔Correct Answer-"Chemical-Eater". Organism which energy is of the chemical
variety.
chemoHETEROtrophs ✔Correct Answer-"Chemical-Organic_Compound_Carbon_Source-Eater".
Final electron acceptor may or may not be O2.
Benefits of Chemical Reactions in Living Organisms ✔Correct Answer-1. Allows interactions of
Individual components to be dynamic and coordinated.
2. Allows response and sense of surroundings through feedback loops.
3. Allows precise self-replication with enough wiggle room for evolution.
, Phototrophs ✔Correct Answer-"Light_Energy-Eater". Sunlight energy combined with an option of 2
carbon sources. Plants, green bacteria, cyanobacteria.
Regulatory Measures for Cellular Environment ✔Correct Answer-Catalysts used to accelerate
reactions by stabilizing the transition state intermediate and thus lowering activation energy. Also,
Feedback loops used to organize the metabolism as part of ___.
Amino Acids - The ABC's of Life ✔Correct Answer-NH3+ and COO- and H and some R group on a
Carbon is the basic structure of an amino acid (Zwitterion Form, of course).
Histidine (R group of amino acid) ✔Correct Answer-where carbon of amino acid is C-1: 3,5-di-
amine-4,6-di-ene (think cyclopentane structure though)
Nucleic Acids ✔Correct Answer-These are examples of _____:
U,T,G,C,A.
ATP
ATP ✔Correct Answer-Adenine + Ribose Sugar + 3 Phosphate Groups
Phospholipid Composition ✔Correct Answer-Lipid + Glycerol (+ Choline)
Monomer>Macromolecule>Supra-molecule (examples) ✔Correct Answer-1.
Nucleotide>DNA>Chromatin
2. Amino Acid>Protein>Plasma Membrane
3. Sugars>Cellulose>Cell Wall
Essential Elements ✔Correct Answer-Carbon is unique. 30 Essential Elements. Mostly, CHNOPS.
And Metal ions which are important: K, Na, Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe
(important for metabolism).
Common function groups (See Text) ✔Correct Answer-A biomolecule(s) often has many function
groups in one molecule.
e.g.Methyl, Ethyl, Phenyl, Carbonyl, Ether, Ester, Acetyl, Anhydride, Guanidinium, Imidizole, etc.
Stereoisomer ✔Correct Answer-Same molecular formula and structure but different orientation
around single bonds and thus different physical properties and light refractive properties.
Enantiomers ✔Correct Answer-Mirror images with different, opposite, light refractive properties,
and identical physical properties. Same Molecular formula.
Diastereomers ✔Correct Answer-Same Molecular formula. No Mirror image thus different physical
and chemical properties.
Stereo-specificity among Bio-molecules ✔Correct Answer-Macromolecules have Unique Binding
Pockets.
Binding of chiral molecules are stereospecific. Most bio-molecules are chiral and thus produce chiral
molecules thus everything is stereospecific (most everything, of course).
ATP ✔Correct Answer-Chemical Currency of energy.
ATP >>> (-1 Phosphate Group) >>> ADP + inorganic phosphate + energy >>> (-1 Phosphate Group)
>>> AMP + inorganic phosphate + energy.
