NYSTCE: Math Multi-Subject Part 2
Exam-Graded A
Numbers - ANSWER-The basic building blocks of mathematics
Integers - ANSWER-whole numbers and their opposites, includes zero, does not
include fractions
prime number - ANSWER-A whole number that has exactly two factors, 1 and itself.
composite number - ANSWER-A whole number greater than 1 that has more than two
factors.
The decimal or base 10 system - ANSWER-is a number system that uses ten different
digits (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9).
Rational Numbers - ANSWER-All positive and negative integers, fractions and decimal
numbers. Ant number that can be written as a fraction, any terminating or repeating
decimals
irrational numbers - ANSWER-Numbers that cannot be expressed as a ratio of two
integers. Their decimal expansions are nonending and nonrepeating.
real numbers - ANSWER-All rational and irrational numbers, does not include imaginary
perfect square - ANSWER-A rational number whose square root is a whole number
absolute value - ANSWER-The distance a number is from zero on a number line.
ALWAYS POSITIVE
Making a decimal a fraction - ANSWER-Let's say .24
-put 24 over 100
-then it reduces to 6/25
part=%(whole) - ANSWER-For word problems
Percent Change Formula or Error - ANSWER-Percent Change =(final value−initial
value)/initial value×100
Or
(amount of change)/(original amount)x 100
, Dividing Fractions - ANSWER-multiply by the reciprocal
scientific notation - ANSWER-A method of writing or displaying numbers in terms of a
decimal number between 1 and 10 multiplied by a power of 10. a x 10^n
dividend - ANSWER-the number that is being divided
divisor - ANSWER-the number you divide by
greatest common factor - ANSWER-The largest factor that two or more numbers have
in common.
convex polygon - ANSWER-has no diagonal with points outside the polygon
concave polygon - ANSWER-has at least one diagonal with points outside the polygon
similar polygons - ANSWER-Polygons that have the same shape, but not necessarily
the same size. Corresponding sides of similar polygons are proportional, angles are
equal.
*All congruent figures are also similar, but not all similar figures are congruent
quadrilateral - ANSWER-Composed of exactly 4 straight sides. And the sum of the
interior angles is 360 degrees
Parallelogram - ANSWER-A quadrilateral with two pairs of parallel sides.
-The sides that are parallel are also congruent.
-the opposite interior angles are also congruent
-the consecutive interior angles are supplementary
-the diagonals bisect each other, and make 2 congruent triangles
Area: base x height
Trapezoid - ANSWER-A quadrilateral with exactly one pair of parallel sides
Area: 1/2h(b1+b2)
rectangle - ANSWER-A parallelogram with four right angles
-the diagonals are congruent
-all rectangles are parallelograms
Rhombus - ANSWER-A parallelogram with four congruent sides
-all rhombuses are parallelograms
-the diagonals of a rhombus are perpendicular to each other
Exam-Graded A
Numbers - ANSWER-The basic building blocks of mathematics
Integers - ANSWER-whole numbers and their opposites, includes zero, does not
include fractions
prime number - ANSWER-A whole number that has exactly two factors, 1 and itself.
composite number - ANSWER-A whole number greater than 1 that has more than two
factors.
The decimal or base 10 system - ANSWER-is a number system that uses ten different
digits (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9).
Rational Numbers - ANSWER-All positive and negative integers, fractions and decimal
numbers. Ant number that can be written as a fraction, any terminating or repeating
decimals
irrational numbers - ANSWER-Numbers that cannot be expressed as a ratio of two
integers. Their decimal expansions are nonending and nonrepeating.
real numbers - ANSWER-All rational and irrational numbers, does not include imaginary
perfect square - ANSWER-A rational number whose square root is a whole number
absolute value - ANSWER-The distance a number is from zero on a number line.
ALWAYS POSITIVE
Making a decimal a fraction - ANSWER-Let's say .24
-put 24 over 100
-then it reduces to 6/25
part=%(whole) - ANSWER-For word problems
Percent Change Formula or Error - ANSWER-Percent Change =(final value−initial
value)/initial value×100
Or
(amount of change)/(original amount)x 100
, Dividing Fractions - ANSWER-multiply by the reciprocal
scientific notation - ANSWER-A method of writing or displaying numbers in terms of a
decimal number between 1 and 10 multiplied by a power of 10. a x 10^n
dividend - ANSWER-the number that is being divided
divisor - ANSWER-the number you divide by
greatest common factor - ANSWER-The largest factor that two or more numbers have
in common.
convex polygon - ANSWER-has no diagonal with points outside the polygon
concave polygon - ANSWER-has at least one diagonal with points outside the polygon
similar polygons - ANSWER-Polygons that have the same shape, but not necessarily
the same size. Corresponding sides of similar polygons are proportional, angles are
equal.
*All congruent figures are also similar, but not all similar figures are congruent
quadrilateral - ANSWER-Composed of exactly 4 straight sides. And the sum of the
interior angles is 360 degrees
Parallelogram - ANSWER-A quadrilateral with two pairs of parallel sides.
-The sides that are parallel are also congruent.
-the opposite interior angles are also congruent
-the consecutive interior angles are supplementary
-the diagonals bisect each other, and make 2 congruent triangles
Area: base x height
Trapezoid - ANSWER-A quadrilateral with exactly one pair of parallel sides
Area: 1/2h(b1+b2)
rectangle - ANSWER-A parallelogram with four right angles
-the diagonals are congruent
-all rectangles are parallelograms
Rhombus - ANSWER-A parallelogram with four congruent sides
-all rhombuses are parallelograms
-the diagonals of a rhombus are perpendicular to each other
