NSG122 / NSG 122 Exam 4
Nursing Fundamental Concepts
Questions and Verified Answers
Correct Grade A - Herzing
1. Exercise effects on the body include:
Correct Answer Increased demand for oxygen to muscles, systolic BP
increases, respiratory rate increases, heart rate increases.
Explanation: Exercise raises metabolic activity, requiring more oxygen
and increasing cardiovascular and respiratory rates.
2. Four things to know about body and mobility changes in patients:
Correct Answer Encourage self-care behaviors, sensitivity to feelings
about body and mobility, be supportive and expect frustration,
encourage correction of behaviors that worsen progress.
Explanation: Recognizing emotional responses and promoting
independence are key in mobility management.
3. Four key factors when getting mobility and exercise history:
Correct Answer Endurance, mobility issues, ADLs, mental health impact
on mobility.
,Explanation: These factors help assess functional status and barriers to
mobility.
4. Four patient positions to relieve pressure:
Correct Answer Lateral (side lying), Fowler’s, prone, supine.
Explanation: These positions help reduce pressure on specific areas.
5. Why is the lateral position preferred for relieving pressure?
Correct Answer It is comfortable for resting, relieves pressure on
scapulae, sacrum, heels, and supports legs and feet; pillows are needed
for proper positioning.
Explanation: Lateral position minimizes pressure points and promotes
comfort.
6. Steps for applying graduated compression stockings:
Correct Answer Measure each leg, assess pedal pulses, assess skin and
neurovascular status, apply before patient gets out of bed, avoid
massaging legs.
Explanation: Proper measurement and assessment prevent circulation
issues and emboli.
7. Why do you avoid massaging the legs when applying compression
stockings?
, Correct Answer To prevent dislodging a clot if present, which could lead
to embolism.
Explanation: Massaging may cause a thrombus to circulate.
8. Steps for getting a patient out of bed for the first time:
Correct Answer Assist from lying to sitting with dangle, determine
strength and readiness, assess for numbness/dizziness, teach patient to
keep head up and eyes forward.
Explanation: Ensures safety and prevents falls.
9. Fibrous joints are:
Correct Answer Immovable, such as skull sutures.
Explanation: These joints ossify early and do not move.
10. Cartilaginous joints are:
Correct Answer Slightly moveable, such as between vertebrae.
Explanation: Provide limited mobility.
11. Synovial joints are:
Correct Answer Freely moveable, including ball-in-socket, gliding,
Nursing Fundamental Concepts
Questions and Verified Answers
Correct Grade A - Herzing
1. Exercise effects on the body include:
Correct Answer Increased demand for oxygen to muscles, systolic BP
increases, respiratory rate increases, heart rate increases.
Explanation: Exercise raises metabolic activity, requiring more oxygen
and increasing cardiovascular and respiratory rates.
2. Four things to know about body and mobility changes in patients:
Correct Answer Encourage self-care behaviors, sensitivity to feelings
about body and mobility, be supportive and expect frustration,
encourage correction of behaviors that worsen progress.
Explanation: Recognizing emotional responses and promoting
independence are key in mobility management.
3. Four key factors when getting mobility and exercise history:
Correct Answer Endurance, mobility issues, ADLs, mental health impact
on mobility.
,Explanation: These factors help assess functional status and barriers to
mobility.
4. Four patient positions to relieve pressure:
Correct Answer Lateral (side lying), Fowler’s, prone, supine.
Explanation: These positions help reduce pressure on specific areas.
5. Why is the lateral position preferred for relieving pressure?
Correct Answer It is comfortable for resting, relieves pressure on
scapulae, sacrum, heels, and supports legs and feet; pillows are needed
for proper positioning.
Explanation: Lateral position minimizes pressure points and promotes
comfort.
6. Steps for applying graduated compression stockings:
Correct Answer Measure each leg, assess pedal pulses, assess skin and
neurovascular status, apply before patient gets out of bed, avoid
massaging legs.
Explanation: Proper measurement and assessment prevent circulation
issues and emboli.
7. Why do you avoid massaging the legs when applying compression
stockings?
, Correct Answer To prevent dislodging a clot if present, which could lead
to embolism.
Explanation: Massaging may cause a thrombus to circulate.
8. Steps for getting a patient out of bed for the first time:
Correct Answer Assist from lying to sitting with dangle, determine
strength and readiness, assess for numbness/dizziness, teach patient to
keep head up and eyes forward.
Explanation: Ensures safety and prevents falls.
9. Fibrous joints are:
Correct Answer Immovable, such as skull sutures.
Explanation: These joints ossify early and do not move.
10. Cartilaginous joints are:
Correct Answer Slightly moveable, such as between vertebrae.
Explanation: Provide limited mobility.
11. Synovial joints are:
Correct Answer Freely moveable, including ball-in-socket, gliding,
