CHAPTER 11 BIO 220 URI EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE
2025/2026
Nervous System - Answers Communication system of brain and spinal cord.
Central Nervous System - Answers Includes the brain and spinal cord.
Peripheral Nervous System - Answers Consists of nerves, ganglia, and receptors.
Neurons - Answers Electrically excitable cells transmitting signals.
Glial Cells - Answers Supportive cells with various functions.
Nerve - Answers Bundle of axons outside the CNS.
Cranial Nerves - Answers 12 pairs originating from the brain.
Spinal Nerves - Answers 31 pairs originating from the spinal cord.
Ganglion - Answers Collection of neuron cell bodies outside CNS.
Plexus - Answers Network of axons and neuron cell bodies.
Homeostasis - Answers Maintaining internal balance and stability.
Sensory Input - Answers Monitoring internal and external stimuli.
Integrating Information - Answers Processing sensory input in the CNS.
Motor Division - Answers Transmits signals from CNS to effectors.
Somatic Nervous System - Answers Voluntary control over skeletal muscles.
Autonomic Nervous System - Answers Involuntary control over smooth and cardiac muscles.
Sympathetic Division - Answers Prepares body for physical activity.
Parasympathetic Division - Answers Regulates resting functions like digestion.
Enteric Nervous System - Answers Plexuses within the digestive tract.
Dendrites - Answers Extensions receiving information from other neurons.
Neuron Cell Body - Answers Contains organelles for typical cell functions.
Nissl Bodies - Answers Rough endoplasmic reticulum in neuron cell body.
Action Potentials - Answers Electrical impulses transmitting signals in neurons.
Axon - Answers Conducts action potentials from neuron cell body.
, Axon Hillock - Answers Initial segment where action potentials are generated.
Axoplasm - Answers Cytoplasm within the axon.
Axolemma - Answers Membrane surrounding the axon.
Presynaptic Terminal - Answers End of axon containing neurotransmitter vesicles.
Anterograde Transport - Answers Movement toward axon terminals using kinesin.
Retrograde Transport - Answers Movement toward cell body using dynein.
Rabies Virus - Answers Can enter CNS via retrograde axonal transport.
Sensory Neurons - Answers Transmit action potentials toward the CNS.
Motor Neurons - Answers Transmit action potentials away from the CNS.
Interneurons - Answers Connect neurons within the CNS.
Multipolar Neurons - Answers Most common type; typically motor neurons.
Bipolar Neurons - Answers Found in retina and nasal cavity.
Pseudo-unipolar Neurons - Answers Single process divides into two branches.
Anaxonic Neurons - Answers No axons; communicate via graded potentials.
Astrocytes - Answers Support neurons and regulate extracellular fluid.
Blood-Brain Barrier - Answers Regulates substance entry into CNS from blood.
Reactive Astrocytosis - Answers Limits inflammation spread after CNS injury.
Ependymal Cells - Answers Line ventricles; secrete cerebrospinal fluid.
Microglia - Answers CNS macrophages that respond to inflammation.
Oligodendrocytes - Answers Form myelin sheaths around multiple axons.
Schwann Cells - Answers Form myelin sheath around a single axon.
Neurilemma - Answers Outer layer of Schwann cell myelin sheath.
Myelinated Axons - Answers Insulated axons that speed up transmission.
Nodes of Ranvier - Answers Gaps in myelin sheath on axons.
Unmyelinated Axons - Answers Rest in Schwann cell invaginations; gray matter.
2025/2026
Nervous System - Answers Communication system of brain and spinal cord.
Central Nervous System - Answers Includes the brain and spinal cord.
Peripheral Nervous System - Answers Consists of nerves, ganglia, and receptors.
Neurons - Answers Electrically excitable cells transmitting signals.
Glial Cells - Answers Supportive cells with various functions.
Nerve - Answers Bundle of axons outside the CNS.
Cranial Nerves - Answers 12 pairs originating from the brain.
Spinal Nerves - Answers 31 pairs originating from the spinal cord.
Ganglion - Answers Collection of neuron cell bodies outside CNS.
Plexus - Answers Network of axons and neuron cell bodies.
Homeostasis - Answers Maintaining internal balance and stability.
Sensory Input - Answers Monitoring internal and external stimuli.
Integrating Information - Answers Processing sensory input in the CNS.
Motor Division - Answers Transmits signals from CNS to effectors.
Somatic Nervous System - Answers Voluntary control over skeletal muscles.
Autonomic Nervous System - Answers Involuntary control over smooth and cardiac muscles.
Sympathetic Division - Answers Prepares body for physical activity.
Parasympathetic Division - Answers Regulates resting functions like digestion.
Enteric Nervous System - Answers Plexuses within the digestive tract.
Dendrites - Answers Extensions receiving information from other neurons.
Neuron Cell Body - Answers Contains organelles for typical cell functions.
Nissl Bodies - Answers Rough endoplasmic reticulum in neuron cell body.
Action Potentials - Answers Electrical impulses transmitting signals in neurons.
Axon - Answers Conducts action potentials from neuron cell body.
, Axon Hillock - Answers Initial segment where action potentials are generated.
Axoplasm - Answers Cytoplasm within the axon.
Axolemma - Answers Membrane surrounding the axon.
Presynaptic Terminal - Answers End of axon containing neurotransmitter vesicles.
Anterograde Transport - Answers Movement toward axon terminals using kinesin.
Retrograde Transport - Answers Movement toward cell body using dynein.
Rabies Virus - Answers Can enter CNS via retrograde axonal transport.
Sensory Neurons - Answers Transmit action potentials toward the CNS.
Motor Neurons - Answers Transmit action potentials away from the CNS.
Interneurons - Answers Connect neurons within the CNS.
Multipolar Neurons - Answers Most common type; typically motor neurons.
Bipolar Neurons - Answers Found in retina and nasal cavity.
Pseudo-unipolar Neurons - Answers Single process divides into two branches.
Anaxonic Neurons - Answers No axons; communicate via graded potentials.
Astrocytes - Answers Support neurons and regulate extracellular fluid.
Blood-Brain Barrier - Answers Regulates substance entry into CNS from blood.
Reactive Astrocytosis - Answers Limits inflammation spread after CNS injury.
Ependymal Cells - Answers Line ventricles; secrete cerebrospinal fluid.
Microglia - Answers CNS macrophages that respond to inflammation.
Oligodendrocytes - Answers Form myelin sheaths around multiple axons.
Schwann Cells - Answers Form myelin sheath around a single axon.
Neurilemma - Answers Outer layer of Schwann cell myelin sheath.
Myelinated Axons - Answers Insulated axons that speed up transmission.
Nodes of Ranvier - Answers Gaps in myelin sheath on axons.
Unmyelinated Axons - Answers Rest in Schwann cell invaginations; gray matter.
