ENPC 6TH EDITION EXAMINATION TEST 2026
FULL SOLVED QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
◉ The caregiver of a 2-month-old infant states the patient has had
trouble breathing for the past two days. Pediatric assessment
triangle (PAT) reveals an age-appropriate general appearance, rapid
breathing with mild distress, and pink skin. Mucous is noted in both
nares. Which of the following is the best next step?
A.Obtain a history including immunization status
B.Suction nasal passages using a bulb syringe
C.Administer oxygen by nasal cannula with patient in caregiver's
arms
D.Respiratory assessment is completed so move to circulatory.
Answer: B
Infants up to four months old are obligate nose breathers and can
have respiratory distress when nares are occluded. Mucous can be
gently suctioned using a bulb syringe or suction catheter. A good,
thorough history should always include immunization status for
pediatric patients. The nose needs to be clear before applying
oxygen via nasal cannula. Respiratory assessment includes
interventions to improve breathing so you would not move to move
to circulation until that is accomplished.
,◉ You need to draw blood from a 2-year-old. Which of the following
is the best approach for this patient?
A.Allow them to hold the blood tubes before drawing
B.Have them watch a cartoon on an I-pad or cell phone
C.Give them an explanation of what will happen
D.Prepare the equipment in the room so they can see. Answer: B
The best approach to a toddler who requires interventions is to
provide distractions whenever possible. They are in the cognitive
development phase of "sensorimotor/preoperational" so having the
caregiver present is helpful. You should move from the least invasive
to most invasive tasks, and don't let them watch you prepare since it
will increase anxiety.
◉ Differences in infants airways. Answer: - nose breathers- suction if
needed, prefer nose breathers til 6 mo
- larger tongue than their oral cavity - easier obstruction
- weak cartilage rings- collapse like a bendy straw compared to
adults whose are mature and don't collapse with neck flexion/resp
distress
- large heads can cause slight flexion, have towels under head
- monitor ET placement often
◉ VS for 3-5 years. Answer: RR 18-35
, HR
◉ VS for 1-12 mo olds. Answer: RR 30-55
HR 90-180
◉ VS for 12-18 yo. Answer: RR 12-20
HR 60-100
◉ VS for 1-3 yo. Answer: RR 22-40
HR 85-104
◉ VS for 5-12 yo. Answer: RR 16-30
HR 90-115
◉ VS for less than 1 mo. Answer: RR 35-60
HR 90-180
◉ Be aware infants can respond to infection with which VS change.
Answer: hypothermia vs hyperthermia
◉ How to perform procedures on child. Answer: least invasive to
most invasive
FULL SOLVED QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
◉ The caregiver of a 2-month-old infant states the patient has had
trouble breathing for the past two days. Pediatric assessment
triangle (PAT) reveals an age-appropriate general appearance, rapid
breathing with mild distress, and pink skin. Mucous is noted in both
nares. Which of the following is the best next step?
A.Obtain a history including immunization status
B.Suction nasal passages using a bulb syringe
C.Administer oxygen by nasal cannula with patient in caregiver's
arms
D.Respiratory assessment is completed so move to circulatory.
Answer: B
Infants up to four months old are obligate nose breathers and can
have respiratory distress when nares are occluded. Mucous can be
gently suctioned using a bulb syringe or suction catheter. A good,
thorough history should always include immunization status for
pediatric patients. The nose needs to be clear before applying
oxygen via nasal cannula. Respiratory assessment includes
interventions to improve breathing so you would not move to move
to circulation until that is accomplished.
,◉ You need to draw blood from a 2-year-old. Which of the following
is the best approach for this patient?
A.Allow them to hold the blood tubes before drawing
B.Have them watch a cartoon on an I-pad or cell phone
C.Give them an explanation of what will happen
D.Prepare the equipment in the room so they can see. Answer: B
The best approach to a toddler who requires interventions is to
provide distractions whenever possible. They are in the cognitive
development phase of "sensorimotor/preoperational" so having the
caregiver present is helpful. You should move from the least invasive
to most invasive tasks, and don't let them watch you prepare since it
will increase anxiety.
◉ Differences in infants airways. Answer: - nose breathers- suction if
needed, prefer nose breathers til 6 mo
- larger tongue than their oral cavity - easier obstruction
- weak cartilage rings- collapse like a bendy straw compared to
adults whose are mature and don't collapse with neck flexion/resp
distress
- large heads can cause slight flexion, have towels under head
- monitor ET placement often
◉ VS for 3-5 years. Answer: RR 18-35
, HR
◉ VS for 1-12 mo olds. Answer: RR 30-55
HR 90-180
◉ VS for 12-18 yo. Answer: RR 12-20
HR 60-100
◉ VS for 1-3 yo. Answer: RR 22-40
HR 85-104
◉ VS for 5-12 yo. Answer: RR 16-30
HR 90-115
◉ VS for less than 1 mo. Answer: RR 35-60
HR 90-180
◉ Be aware infants can respond to infection with which VS change.
Answer: hypothermia vs hyperthermia
◉ How to perform procedures on child. Answer: least invasive to
most invasive
