Microbiology Concepts Workbook — Based
on Brock Biology of Microorganisms (16th
Edition Themes)
100 Multiple-Choice Questions & Answers
(Correct Answer Marked )
SECTION 1 — FOUNDATIONS OF MICROBIOLOGY
1. Which of the following best describes a microorganism?
A. Any organism larger than 1 mm
B. Organism too small to be seen without a microscope
C. Only bacteria
D. Only pathogens
2. The scientist known as the “father of microbiology” is:
A. Darwin
B. Watson
C. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
D. Fleming
3. The three domains of life include Bacteria, Archaea, and:
A. Protista
B. Eukarya
C. Fungi
D. Viruses
4. Which structure is found in BOTH prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
A. Nucleus
B. Mitochondria
C. Ribosomes
D. Chloroplasts
, 5. Louis Pasteur disproved which outdated theory?
A. Endosymbiosis
B. Biogenesis
C. Spontaneous generation
D. Vitalism
6. A pure culture contains:
A. Two microbial species
B. Multiple organisms
C. A single microbial species
D. Sterile media
7. The Gram stain differentiates bacteria based on:
A. Shape
B. Flagella
C. Cell wall structure
D. Capsule thickness
8. Which microscope provides the highest resolution?
A. Light microscope
B. Fluorescence microscope
C. Transmission electron microscope (TEM)
D. Dark-field microscope
9. Which is NOT a characteristic of living cells?
A. Metabolism
B. Evolution
C. Response to environment
D. Ability to form viruses
10. Lipid bilayers are primarily composed of:
A. Proteins
B. Phospholipids
C. DNA
D. Sterols
SECTION 2 — CELL STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
,11. Peptidoglycan is found in the cell walls of:
A. Fungi
B. Plants
C. Bacteria
D. Archaea
12. Which bacterial shape is spherical?
A. Bacillus
B. Spirillum
C. Coccus
D. Filamentous
13. A periplasmic space is characteristic of:
A. Gram-positive bacteria
B. Gram-negative bacteria
C. Viruses
D. Protozoa
14. Fimbriae function primarily in:
A. Motility
B. DNA replication
C. Attachment
D. Spore formation
15. Endospores are formed by bacteria such as:
A. Escherichia coli
B. Bacillus species
C. Streptococcus
D. Pseudomonas
16. Archaeal membranes contain:
A. Ester-linked lipids
B. Ether-linked lipids
C. Peptidoglycan
D. Chitin
17. The nucleoid contains:
A. Mitochondrial DNA
B. Viral genomes
, C. Bacterial chromosome
D. rRNA only
18. Flagellar motion in bacteria is powered by:
A. ATP hydrolysis
B. Proton motive force
C. Sodium ions only
D. Light absorption
19. A glycocalyx can be either a capsule or:
A. Spore
B. Pilus
C. Slime layer
D. Inclusion body
20. Which structure allows bacteria to survive harsh conditions?
A. Capsule
B. Plasmid
C. Endospore
D. Ribosome
SECTION 3 — METABOLISM & BIOENERGETICS
21. Enzymes function as:
A. Information carriers
B. Chemical catalysts
C. Ribosomes
D. Structural proteins
22. ATP is primarily produced in bacteria through:
A. Fermentation
B. Oxidative phosphorylation
C. Osmosis
D. Cytokinesis
23. Which pathway breaks down glucose into pyruvate?
A. Krebs cycle
B. Calvin cycle
on Brock Biology of Microorganisms (16th
Edition Themes)
100 Multiple-Choice Questions & Answers
(Correct Answer Marked )
SECTION 1 — FOUNDATIONS OF MICROBIOLOGY
1. Which of the following best describes a microorganism?
A. Any organism larger than 1 mm
B. Organism too small to be seen without a microscope
C. Only bacteria
D. Only pathogens
2. The scientist known as the “father of microbiology” is:
A. Darwin
B. Watson
C. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
D. Fleming
3. The three domains of life include Bacteria, Archaea, and:
A. Protista
B. Eukarya
C. Fungi
D. Viruses
4. Which structure is found in BOTH prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
A. Nucleus
B. Mitochondria
C. Ribosomes
D. Chloroplasts
, 5. Louis Pasteur disproved which outdated theory?
A. Endosymbiosis
B. Biogenesis
C. Spontaneous generation
D. Vitalism
6. A pure culture contains:
A. Two microbial species
B. Multiple organisms
C. A single microbial species
D. Sterile media
7. The Gram stain differentiates bacteria based on:
A. Shape
B. Flagella
C. Cell wall structure
D. Capsule thickness
8. Which microscope provides the highest resolution?
A. Light microscope
B. Fluorescence microscope
C. Transmission electron microscope (TEM)
D. Dark-field microscope
9. Which is NOT a characteristic of living cells?
A. Metabolism
B. Evolution
C. Response to environment
D. Ability to form viruses
10. Lipid bilayers are primarily composed of:
A. Proteins
B. Phospholipids
C. DNA
D. Sterols
SECTION 2 — CELL STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
,11. Peptidoglycan is found in the cell walls of:
A. Fungi
B. Plants
C. Bacteria
D. Archaea
12. Which bacterial shape is spherical?
A. Bacillus
B. Spirillum
C. Coccus
D. Filamentous
13. A periplasmic space is characteristic of:
A. Gram-positive bacteria
B. Gram-negative bacteria
C. Viruses
D. Protozoa
14. Fimbriae function primarily in:
A. Motility
B. DNA replication
C. Attachment
D. Spore formation
15. Endospores are formed by bacteria such as:
A. Escherichia coli
B. Bacillus species
C. Streptococcus
D. Pseudomonas
16. Archaeal membranes contain:
A. Ester-linked lipids
B. Ether-linked lipids
C. Peptidoglycan
D. Chitin
17. The nucleoid contains:
A. Mitochondrial DNA
B. Viral genomes
, C. Bacterial chromosome
D. rRNA only
18. Flagellar motion in bacteria is powered by:
A. ATP hydrolysis
B. Proton motive force
C. Sodium ions only
D. Light absorption
19. A glycocalyx can be either a capsule or:
A. Spore
B. Pilus
C. Slime layer
D. Inclusion body
20. Which structure allows bacteria to survive harsh conditions?
A. Capsule
B. Plasmid
C. Endospore
D. Ribosome
SECTION 3 — METABOLISM & BIOENERGETICS
21. Enzymes function as:
A. Information carriers
B. Chemical catalysts
C. Ribosomes
D. Structural proteins
22. ATP is primarily produced in bacteria through:
A. Fermentation
B. Oxidative phosphorylation
C. Osmosis
D. Cytokinesis
23. Which pathway breaks down glucose into pyruvate?
A. Krebs cycle
B. Calvin cycle
