Anatomy and Physiology- Chapter 19 Exam Questions and Answers (Blood)

Anatomy and Physiology: Chapter 19
(Blood)


Blood - Answers-Fluid connective tissue with cells



Functions of Blood - Answers-1. Transport

2. Regulation of pH and ions in interstitial fluid

3. Restriction of fluid loss in injury (i.e. clotting)

4. Defense against toxins + pathogens

5. Stabilize Body Temperature



What does blood transport? - Answers-1. Gases (O2 + CO2)

2. Nutrients

3. Waste

4. Hormones



What's in blood? - Answers-Plasma (55%) and Formed Elements (45%)



Plasma - Answers-The liquid part of blood. Makes up ~55% of blood. It is protein rich (denser than
water), ion rich, and made of mostly water (92%).



Interstitial Fluid - Answers-The fluid between cells.

, What are the differences between plasma and interstitial fluid? - Answers-They both have different
levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide. They also have different protein types and concentrations.



What are the similarities between plasma and interstitial fluid? - Answers-They both are 92% water by
volume and have a similar ion content.



Formed Elements - Answers-Cells and fragments within the blood. Make up ~45% of blood. RBC, WBC,
and Platelets.



RBC - Answers-Erythrocytes

Carry O2 and CO2



-99.9% of formed elements in blood

-~1/3 of cells in human body

-Large surface:volume ratio, good for easy gas exchange at tissue

-stackable

-can bend and squeeze thru tiny passages



Hematocrit - Answers-% of whole blood contributed by formed elements.



Effected by:

-hydration level

-EPO

-bleeding or problems with RBC formation/degradation



It differs between sexes