ANSC 4395 TEST 1 STUDY GUIDE
2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS
<RECENT VERSION>
1. Animal Breeding - ANSWER ✔ scientific field that uses the principles of
genetics to aid in the improvement of livestock
2. Purebred breeders have attempted to improve their livestock since at least
the... - ANSWER ✔ 1700s
3. Many of our current breeds have their roots in Great Britain and continental
Europe, dating back to the... - ANSWER ✔ 18th & 19th centuries
4. Robert Bakewell - ANSWER ✔ "Father of Animal Breeding"
5. What type of animals did Robert Bakewell work with? - ANSWER ✔
Longhorn cattle, Shire horses, and Leicester sheep
6. What else did Robert Bakewell do? - ANSWER ✔ -Sought out individuals
that would strengthen his herd
-Leased out males to neighbors to identify animals that produced superior
offspring
-Mated 'best' to 'best' with little regard to ancestry
,7. One of the first organized breeds of livestock (1580) ? - ANSWER ✔
Shorthorns
8. When did Shorthorn breeders begin keeping records? - ANSWER ✔ 1750
9. During the mid 19th century, who studied genetics of the garden pea? -
ANSWER ✔ Gregor Mendel
10.What is the first tool used to make a genetic change? - ANSWER ✔
Selection
11.What is the second tool used to make a genetic change? - ANSWER ✔
Mating
12.Mating - ANSWER ✔ the process that determines which selected males are
mated to which selected females
13.Mating System - ANSWER ✔ a set of rules for mating
EX: Largest to largest = Produces an extreme
Large to small = Produces an intermediate
14.Complementarity - ANSWER ✔ an improvement in the overall performance
of offspring resulting from mating individuals with different but
complementary breeding values
, 15.Crossbreeding - ANSWER ✔ the mating of sires of one breed or breed
combination to dams of another breed or breed combination
16.Crossbred - ANSWER ✔ having parents of different breeds or breed
combinations
17.Hybrid Vigor or Heterosis - ANSWER ✔ an increase in the performance of
the hybrids over that of pure breds
18.Fertility and survivability are low heritability traits, but can be increased
through... - ANSWER ✔ cross breeding
19.Hybrid vigor is not caused by the presence of particular genes, but by... -
ANSWER ✔ gene combination
20.Hybrid - ANSWER ✔ an individual that is a combination of species, breeds
within species, or lives within breeds
EX: liger, mule, zorse
21.Inbreeding - ANSWER ✔ the mating of relatives
22.Inbreeding depression - ANSWER ✔ the reverse of hybrid vigor - a decrease
in the performance of inbreds, most noticeably in traits like fertility and
survivability
23.Inbreeding can be useful - ANSWER ✔ -Create breeds within species
2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS
<RECENT VERSION>
1. Animal Breeding - ANSWER ✔ scientific field that uses the principles of
genetics to aid in the improvement of livestock
2. Purebred breeders have attempted to improve their livestock since at least
the... - ANSWER ✔ 1700s
3. Many of our current breeds have their roots in Great Britain and continental
Europe, dating back to the... - ANSWER ✔ 18th & 19th centuries
4. Robert Bakewell - ANSWER ✔ "Father of Animal Breeding"
5. What type of animals did Robert Bakewell work with? - ANSWER ✔
Longhorn cattle, Shire horses, and Leicester sheep
6. What else did Robert Bakewell do? - ANSWER ✔ -Sought out individuals
that would strengthen his herd
-Leased out males to neighbors to identify animals that produced superior
offspring
-Mated 'best' to 'best' with little regard to ancestry
,7. One of the first organized breeds of livestock (1580) ? - ANSWER ✔
Shorthorns
8. When did Shorthorn breeders begin keeping records? - ANSWER ✔ 1750
9. During the mid 19th century, who studied genetics of the garden pea? -
ANSWER ✔ Gregor Mendel
10.What is the first tool used to make a genetic change? - ANSWER ✔
Selection
11.What is the second tool used to make a genetic change? - ANSWER ✔
Mating
12.Mating - ANSWER ✔ the process that determines which selected males are
mated to which selected females
13.Mating System - ANSWER ✔ a set of rules for mating
EX: Largest to largest = Produces an extreme
Large to small = Produces an intermediate
14.Complementarity - ANSWER ✔ an improvement in the overall performance
of offspring resulting from mating individuals with different but
complementary breeding values
, 15.Crossbreeding - ANSWER ✔ the mating of sires of one breed or breed
combination to dams of another breed or breed combination
16.Crossbred - ANSWER ✔ having parents of different breeds or breed
combinations
17.Hybrid Vigor or Heterosis - ANSWER ✔ an increase in the performance of
the hybrids over that of pure breds
18.Fertility and survivability are low heritability traits, but can be increased
through... - ANSWER ✔ cross breeding
19.Hybrid vigor is not caused by the presence of particular genes, but by... -
ANSWER ✔ gene combination
20.Hybrid - ANSWER ✔ an individual that is a combination of species, breeds
within species, or lives within breeds
EX: liger, mule, zorse
21.Inbreeding - ANSWER ✔ the mating of relatives
22.Inbreeding depression - ANSWER ✔ the reverse of hybrid vigor - a decrease
in the performance of inbreds, most noticeably in traits like fertility and
survivability
23.Inbreeding can be useful - ANSWER ✔ -Create breeds within species
