TEST BANK FOR TALARO'S FOUNDATIONS IN MIC
m. m. m. m. m. m.
ROBIOLOGY, 12TH EDITION BY BARRY CHESS AN
m. m. m. m. m. m.
D KATHLEEN PARK TALARO | ALL CHAPTERS VE
m. m. m. m. m. m. m.
RIFIED QUESTION AND ANSWERS | UPDATED 2025/
m. m. m. m. m. m.
2026 | GRADED A+ m. m. m.
, CHAPTERm.1m.—m.THEm.MAINm . THEMESm.OFm.MICROBIOLOGY
1. Am.nursingm.studentm.asksm.whym.microbiologym.ism.importantm.tom.alliedm . healt
hm.professionals.m.Whichm.replym.bestm.explainsm . them.primarym.reasonm.microbi
ologym.ism.essentialm.inm.clinicalm . practice?
A. Itm.providesm.am.completem.listm.ofm.allm.pathogenicm. organisms.
B. Itm.explainsm . howm.microorganismsm. causem.diseasem.andm.howm.tom.prevent
m.theirm.spread.
C. Itm.teachesm.surgicalm.proceduresm.requiredm.tom.treatm.infections.
D. Itm.focusesm.onm.economicm.impactsm.ofm.infectiousm. diseasem.control.
Answer:m.B.
Rationale:m.Microbiologym.helpsm.cliniciansm . understandm.pathogenm.biology,m.modes
m.of m.transmission,m . hostm.response,m.andm.prevention/controlm.strategiesm . (e.g.,m.aseps
is,m.vaccines,m.antibiotics).m.Optionsm.A,m.C,m.andm.Dm.arem.eitherm . incompletem.orm.irrel
evantm . tom.whym.microbiologym.ism.essentialm.inm.clinicalm . care.
2. Whichm.onem.ofm.them.followingm . bestm.describesm.them.conceptm.ofm.―em
ergingm.infectiousm.disease‖?
A. Am.diseasem.thatm.ism.eradicatedm.worldwide.
B. Anm.infectionm.thatm.becomesm.clinicallym . lessm.severem.overm.time.
C. Am.diseasem.thatm.appearsm.inm.am.populationm.form.them.firstm.timem . orm.reappea
rsm.afterm.am.significantm . decline.
D. Anym.diseasem.causedm.bym.virusesm. only.
Answer:m.C.
Rationale:m.Emergingm. infectiousm. diseasesm.newlym. appearm.orm.reappearm.(e.g.,m.
Ebola,m.SARS-CoV-
2).m.Theym.arem.notm.limitedm . tom.virusesm . andm.arem.notm.eradicatedm . diseases.
3. Am.patientm.developsm.am.secondarym.infectionm.afterm.influenzam . duem.tom.colo
nizingm.bacteria.m.Whichm.termm.bestm.fitsm.them.bacterialm.infection?
A. Latentm.infection
B. Primarym.pathogen
C. Opportunisticm.infection
D. Congenitalm.infection
Answer:m.C.
,Rationale:m.Anm.opportunisticm.infectionm . occursm.whenm.normalm.defensesm.arem.com
promisedm.(influenzam . damagesm.respiratorym.epithelium),m . allowingm . normallym . non-
m.invasivem . organismsm.tom.causem.disease.m.Primarym . pathogensm.causem.diseasem.inm.h
ealthym.hosts;m.latentm . ism.dormant;m.congenitalm.ism.presentm.atm.birth.
4. Whichm.ofm.them.followingm . statementsm. aboutm.normalm.microbiotam.(microflo
ra)m. ism.TRUE?
A. Theym.arem.alwaysm. harmfulm. andm.shouldm.bem.eliminated.
B. Theym.providem.benefitsm.suchm.asm.competitivem.exclusionm.andm.vit
aminm.production.
C. Theym.arem.them.samem.form.everym.humanm. being.
D. Theym.onlym.existm.onm.them.skin.
Answer:m.B.
Rationale:m.Normalm.microbiotam.benefitm.hostsm.bym.competitivem . exclusion,m.vitami
nm.synthesis,m.andm.immunem. systemm.development.m.Theym.varym.betweenm.individuals
m . andm.occurm.onm.manym . bodym.sitesm.(gut,m.skin,m.mucosa).
5. Am.smallm.outbreakm.ofm.foodbornem.illnessm . occurredm.afterm.am.cateredm . even
t.m.Them.instructorm.asksm.whatm.publicm.healthm . rolem.epidemiologym . playe
d.m.Whichm.statementm.ism.correct?
A. Epidemiologym.ism.responsiblem.form.treatingm.them.sick.
B. Epidemiologym.tracesm.patterns,m.causes,m.andm.controlm.measuresm.form.disea
sem.inm.populations.
C. Epidemiologym. onlym.documentsm.deaths.
D. Epidemiologym. onlym.studiesm.chronicm.diseases.
Answer:m.B.
Rationale:m.Epidemiologym.investigatesm . distributionm.andm.determinantsm . ofm.health
m.events,m.helping m. identifym. sources m.(e.g.,m.contaminated m. food),m.modes m.ofm.transmis
sion,m.andm.interventions.m . It’sm.notm.limitedm . tom.treatment,m . deaths,m.orm.chronicm.dis
ease.
6. Whichm.characteristicm . separatesm.virusesm.fromm.cellularm . life?
A. Presencem.ofm.DNAm. orm.RNAm. genome
B. Capabilitym.tom.replicatem.onlym.insidem.am.hostm.cell
, C. Havingm.am.proteinm.coat
D. Abilitym.tom.evolve
Answer:m.B.
Rationale:m.Virusesm.arem.obligatem.intracellularm . parasites—
theym.requirem.hostm.machinerym.tom.replicate.m.Cellularm. lifem.conductsm.independe
ntm.metabolism;m.virusesm.maym.havem.DNAm.orm.RNAm.andm.canm.evolve,m . andm.ma
nym.havem.am.proteinm.capsid,m.butm.obligatem.intracellularm . replicationm.ism.definin
g.
7. Am.clinicianm . hearsm.them.phrasem.―infectionm.doesm.notm.alwaysm. equalm.dis
ease.‖m.Whichm.examplem . supportsm.thatm.statement?
A. Symptomaticm.influenzam . infectionm.inm.am.patientm.withm.fever.
B. Carriagem.ofm.Staphylococcusm.aureusm.inm.them.anteriorm. naresm.ofm.am.h
ealthym.person.
C. Deathm.causedm.bym.sepsis.
D. Severem.pneumoniam. inm.anm.immunocompromisedm. patient.
Answer:m.B.
Rationale:m.Carriagem.(colonization)m.showsm.infectionm.withoutm . clinicalm . diseas
e.m.Infectionm.canm.bem.asymptomatic;m.diseasem.occursm.whenm.hostm.damagem.or m.sy
mptomsm.manifest.
8. Whichm.ofm.them.followingm . bestm.reflectsm. Koch’sm.postulates’m.mainm. contribut
ionm.tom.microbiology?
A. Measuringm.microbialm.growthm.ratesm.inm.them.lab.
B. Establishingm.criteriam.tom.linkm.am.specificm.microorganismm.tom.am.parti
cularm.disease.
C. Describingm.adaptivem.immunem. responses.
D. Explainingm. howm.antibioticsm. work.
Answer:m.B.
Rationale:m.Koch’sm.postulatesm.werem.foundationalm.inm.demonstratingm.causationm.b
etweenm.microbesm.andm.diseasem.(isolatem . organism,m.reproducem.diseasem.inm.model,m.r
e-m.isolate).m . Theym.dom.notm.coverm.immunitym . orm.antibiotics.
9. Am.newlym . discoveredm.bacteriumm.ism.unablem . tom.bem.culturedm . onm.standardm.
mediam.butm.ism.consistentlym.foundm.inm.patientsm. withm.am.disease.m.Whichm.mod
ernm.techniquem.helpsm.associatem.them.bacteriumm.withm . diseasem.despitem.Koch
’sm.postulates
m. m. m. m. m. m.
ROBIOLOGY, 12TH EDITION BY BARRY CHESS AN
m. m. m. m. m. m.
D KATHLEEN PARK TALARO | ALL CHAPTERS VE
m. m. m. m. m. m. m.
RIFIED QUESTION AND ANSWERS | UPDATED 2025/
m. m. m. m. m. m.
2026 | GRADED A+ m. m. m.
, CHAPTERm.1m.—m.THEm.MAINm . THEMESm.OFm.MICROBIOLOGY
1. Am.nursingm.studentm.asksm.whym.microbiologym.ism.importantm.tom.alliedm . healt
hm.professionals.m.Whichm.replym.bestm.explainsm . them.primarym.reasonm.microbi
ologym.ism.essentialm.inm.clinicalm . practice?
A. Itm.providesm.am.completem.listm.ofm.allm.pathogenicm. organisms.
B. Itm.explainsm . howm.microorganismsm. causem.diseasem.andm.howm.tom.prevent
m.theirm.spread.
C. Itm.teachesm.surgicalm.proceduresm.requiredm.tom.treatm.infections.
D. Itm.focusesm.onm.economicm.impactsm.ofm.infectiousm. diseasem.control.
Answer:m.B.
Rationale:m.Microbiologym.helpsm.cliniciansm . understandm.pathogenm.biology,m.modes
m.of m.transmission,m . hostm.response,m.andm.prevention/controlm.strategiesm . (e.g.,m.aseps
is,m.vaccines,m.antibiotics).m.Optionsm.A,m.C,m.andm.Dm.arem.eitherm . incompletem.orm.irrel
evantm . tom.whym.microbiologym.ism.essentialm.inm.clinicalm . care.
2. Whichm.onem.ofm.them.followingm . bestm.describesm.them.conceptm.ofm.―em
ergingm.infectiousm.disease‖?
A. Am.diseasem.thatm.ism.eradicatedm.worldwide.
B. Anm.infectionm.thatm.becomesm.clinicallym . lessm.severem.overm.time.
C. Am.diseasem.thatm.appearsm.inm.am.populationm.form.them.firstm.timem . orm.reappea
rsm.afterm.am.significantm . decline.
D. Anym.diseasem.causedm.bym.virusesm. only.
Answer:m.C.
Rationale:m.Emergingm. infectiousm. diseasesm.newlym. appearm.orm.reappearm.(e.g.,m.
Ebola,m.SARS-CoV-
2).m.Theym.arem.notm.limitedm . tom.virusesm . andm.arem.notm.eradicatedm . diseases.
3. Am.patientm.developsm.am.secondarym.infectionm.afterm.influenzam . duem.tom.colo
nizingm.bacteria.m.Whichm.termm.bestm.fitsm.them.bacterialm.infection?
A. Latentm.infection
B. Primarym.pathogen
C. Opportunisticm.infection
D. Congenitalm.infection
Answer:m.C.
,Rationale:m.Anm.opportunisticm.infectionm . occursm.whenm.normalm.defensesm.arem.com
promisedm.(influenzam . damagesm.respiratorym.epithelium),m . allowingm . normallym . non-
m.invasivem . organismsm.tom.causem.disease.m.Primarym . pathogensm.causem.diseasem.inm.h
ealthym.hosts;m.latentm . ism.dormant;m.congenitalm.ism.presentm.atm.birth.
4. Whichm.ofm.them.followingm . statementsm. aboutm.normalm.microbiotam.(microflo
ra)m. ism.TRUE?
A. Theym.arem.alwaysm. harmfulm. andm.shouldm.bem.eliminated.
B. Theym.providem.benefitsm.suchm.asm.competitivem.exclusionm.andm.vit
aminm.production.
C. Theym.arem.them.samem.form.everym.humanm. being.
D. Theym.onlym.existm.onm.them.skin.
Answer:m.B.
Rationale:m.Normalm.microbiotam.benefitm.hostsm.bym.competitivem . exclusion,m.vitami
nm.synthesis,m.andm.immunem. systemm.development.m.Theym.varym.betweenm.individuals
m . andm.occurm.onm.manym . bodym.sitesm.(gut,m.skin,m.mucosa).
5. Am.smallm.outbreakm.ofm.foodbornem.illnessm . occurredm.afterm.am.cateredm . even
t.m.Them.instructorm.asksm.whatm.publicm.healthm . rolem.epidemiologym . playe
d.m.Whichm.statementm.ism.correct?
A. Epidemiologym.ism.responsiblem.form.treatingm.them.sick.
B. Epidemiologym.tracesm.patterns,m.causes,m.andm.controlm.measuresm.form.disea
sem.inm.populations.
C. Epidemiologym. onlym.documentsm.deaths.
D. Epidemiologym. onlym.studiesm.chronicm.diseases.
Answer:m.B.
Rationale:m.Epidemiologym.investigatesm . distributionm.andm.determinantsm . ofm.health
m.events,m.helping m. identifym. sources m.(e.g.,m.contaminated m. food),m.modes m.ofm.transmis
sion,m.andm.interventions.m . It’sm.notm.limitedm . tom.treatment,m . deaths,m.orm.chronicm.dis
ease.
6. Whichm.characteristicm . separatesm.virusesm.fromm.cellularm . life?
A. Presencem.ofm.DNAm. orm.RNAm. genome
B. Capabilitym.tom.replicatem.onlym.insidem.am.hostm.cell
, C. Havingm.am.proteinm.coat
D. Abilitym.tom.evolve
Answer:m.B.
Rationale:m.Virusesm.arem.obligatem.intracellularm . parasites—
theym.requirem.hostm.machinerym.tom.replicate.m.Cellularm. lifem.conductsm.independe
ntm.metabolism;m.virusesm.maym.havem.DNAm.orm.RNAm.andm.canm.evolve,m . andm.ma
nym.havem.am.proteinm.capsid,m.butm.obligatem.intracellularm . replicationm.ism.definin
g.
7. Am.clinicianm . hearsm.them.phrasem.―infectionm.doesm.notm.alwaysm. equalm.dis
ease.‖m.Whichm.examplem . supportsm.thatm.statement?
A. Symptomaticm.influenzam . infectionm.inm.am.patientm.withm.fever.
B. Carriagem.ofm.Staphylococcusm.aureusm.inm.them.anteriorm. naresm.ofm.am.h
ealthym.person.
C. Deathm.causedm.bym.sepsis.
D. Severem.pneumoniam. inm.anm.immunocompromisedm. patient.
Answer:m.B.
Rationale:m.Carriagem.(colonization)m.showsm.infectionm.withoutm . clinicalm . diseas
e.m.Infectionm.canm.bem.asymptomatic;m.diseasem.occursm.whenm.hostm.damagem.or m.sy
mptomsm.manifest.
8. Whichm.ofm.them.followingm . bestm.reflectsm. Koch’sm.postulates’m.mainm. contribut
ionm.tom.microbiology?
A. Measuringm.microbialm.growthm.ratesm.inm.them.lab.
B. Establishingm.criteriam.tom.linkm.am.specificm.microorganismm.tom.am.parti
cularm.disease.
C. Describingm.adaptivem.immunem. responses.
D. Explainingm. howm.antibioticsm. work.
Answer:m.B.
Rationale:m.Koch’sm.postulatesm.werem.foundationalm.inm.demonstratingm.causationm.b
etweenm.microbesm.andm.diseasem.(isolatem . organism,m.reproducem.diseasem.inm.model,m.r
e-m.isolate).m . Theym.dom.notm.coverm.immunitym . orm.antibiotics.
9. Am.newlym . discoveredm.bacteriumm.ism.unablem . tom.bem.culturedm . onm.standardm.
mediam.butm.ism.consistentlym.foundm.inm.patientsm. withm.am.disease.m.Whichm.mod
ernm.techniquem.helpsm.associatem.them.bacteriumm.withm . diseasem.despitem.Koch
’sm.postulates
