RCE 4113 - 0EXW Final Exam Questions with Correct Answers Latest Update 2025/2026
number of sleep disorders identified by the DSM-5 (diagnostic and statistical manual of mental
disorders, 5th edition) - Answers per the DSM-5, sleep-wake disorders encompass 10
disorders/disorder groups:
1. insomnia disorder
2. hypersomnolence disorder
3. narcolepsy
4. breathing-related sleep disorders
5. circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders
6. non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep arousal disorders
7. nightmare disorder
8. rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder
9. restless leg syndrome
10. substance/medication-induced sleep disorder
identify risks and costs of sleep debt - Answers ..
what is sleep debt? - Answers ...
identify the various non-pharmacological treatments of insomnia - Answers - sleep history
- stimulus control: designed to counteract negative conditioning (learned arousal
responses/associations) in the sleep environment, aka: deconditioning
- sleep restriction: reduce time in bed to match sleep quantity, resulting in more consolidated
sleep and more efficient sleep
- relaxation therapies: deep breathing, progressive muscle relaxation (PMR), guided imagery,
visualization
- cognitive therapy: psychotherapeutic method aimed at changing faulty beliefs and attitudes
about sleep and insomnia
- behavior modification: behavioral interventions seek to change maladaptive (sleep) habits and
reduce autonomic arousal and physical tension
, - desensitization: procedure that gradually weaken (extinguish) learned associations between
anxiety and feared objects/situations
- paradoxical intention: psychological technique used to manipulate sleep-wake cycles in an
attempt to change underlying circadian rhythm
- eating healthy:
a. tryptophanrich foods: dairy, nuts/seeds, banana, honey, eggs
b. carbohydrate rich foods
true/false: insomnia is a symptom, not a disease - Answers true
describe how clinicians diagnose obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) - Answers either (1) or (2):
(1) evidence by polysomnogram of at least five obstructive apneas or hyponeas per hour of
sleep and either of the follow sleep symptoms:
a. nocturnal breathing disturbances: snoring, snorting/gasping, or breathing pauses during
sleep
b. daytime sleepiness, fatigue or unrefreshing sleep despite sufficient opportunities to sleep
that is not better explained by another mental disorder (including sleep disorder) and is not
attributable to another medical condition
(2) evidence by polysomnogram of 15 or more obstructive apneas and/or hyponeas per hour of
sleep regardless of accompanying symptoms
describe how clinicians diagnose and treat narcolepsy - Answers A. recurrent periods of an
irrepressible need to sleep, lapsing into sleep, or napping concurring within the same day - these
must have been occurring at least 3 times per week over the past three months
B. The presence of at least of of the following:
1. episodes of cataplexy, defined as either (a) or (b) occurring at least a few times per month:
(a) in individuals with long-standing disease, brief
(minutes to seconds) episodes of bilateral loss of
number of sleep disorders identified by the DSM-5 (diagnostic and statistical manual of mental
disorders, 5th edition) - Answers per the DSM-5, sleep-wake disorders encompass 10
disorders/disorder groups:
1. insomnia disorder
2. hypersomnolence disorder
3. narcolepsy
4. breathing-related sleep disorders
5. circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders
6. non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep arousal disorders
7. nightmare disorder
8. rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder
9. restless leg syndrome
10. substance/medication-induced sleep disorder
identify risks and costs of sleep debt - Answers ..
what is sleep debt? - Answers ...
identify the various non-pharmacological treatments of insomnia - Answers - sleep history
- stimulus control: designed to counteract negative conditioning (learned arousal
responses/associations) in the sleep environment, aka: deconditioning
- sleep restriction: reduce time in bed to match sleep quantity, resulting in more consolidated
sleep and more efficient sleep
- relaxation therapies: deep breathing, progressive muscle relaxation (PMR), guided imagery,
visualization
- cognitive therapy: psychotherapeutic method aimed at changing faulty beliefs and attitudes
about sleep and insomnia
- behavior modification: behavioral interventions seek to change maladaptive (sleep) habits and
reduce autonomic arousal and physical tension
, - desensitization: procedure that gradually weaken (extinguish) learned associations between
anxiety and feared objects/situations
- paradoxical intention: psychological technique used to manipulate sleep-wake cycles in an
attempt to change underlying circadian rhythm
- eating healthy:
a. tryptophanrich foods: dairy, nuts/seeds, banana, honey, eggs
b. carbohydrate rich foods
true/false: insomnia is a symptom, not a disease - Answers true
describe how clinicians diagnose obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) - Answers either (1) or (2):
(1) evidence by polysomnogram of at least five obstructive apneas or hyponeas per hour of
sleep and either of the follow sleep symptoms:
a. nocturnal breathing disturbances: snoring, snorting/gasping, or breathing pauses during
sleep
b. daytime sleepiness, fatigue or unrefreshing sleep despite sufficient opportunities to sleep
that is not better explained by another mental disorder (including sleep disorder) and is not
attributable to another medical condition
(2) evidence by polysomnogram of 15 or more obstructive apneas and/or hyponeas per hour of
sleep regardless of accompanying symptoms
describe how clinicians diagnose and treat narcolepsy - Answers A. recurrent periods of an
irrepressible need to sleep, lapsing into sleep, or napping concurring within the same day - these
must have been occurring at least 3 times per week over the past three months
B. The presence of at least of of the following:
1. episodes of cataplexy, defined as either (a) or (b) occurring at least a few times per month:
(a) in individuals with long-standing disease, brief
(minutes to seconds) episodes of bilateral loss of
