1 | Page
Human Development Exam 1 Questions with
Correct Answers Questions and Correct
Answers
What is a theory? Ans: A way of organizing a set of observations
or facts into a comprehensive explanation of how something
works
What are hypotheses? Ans: proposed explanations for a given
phenomenon
What is the nucleus and what does it contain? Ans: it is the center
of the cell; it contains chromosomes and genes
what are chromosomes? Ans: threadlike structures composed of
DNA molecules
What is a gene? Ans: a segment of DNA (spiraled double chain)
containing the hereditary code
What is mitosis? Ans: the process by which DNA replicates itself
and forms new cells with identical genetic material
What is meiosis? Ans: the process by which sex cells (gametes:
sperm and ova) reproduce
what is phenotype? Ans: traits we ultimately show influenced by
interaction of genotype and experience
what is genotype? Ans: the biological influence on all traits
What is behavioral genetics? Ans: the study of the influence of
heredity and environment on individual differences in human
traits, abilities, and behaviors
What is meant by range of reaction? Ans: genes set limits on
potential, and environment determines how much of that potential
is achieved
What is canalization? Ans: heredity narrows range of development
to only one or a few outcomes
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What is meant by "gene-environment correlations"? Ans: many
traits are supported by both genes and environment
What is meant by "dominant-recessive inheritance"? Ans: A form
of genetic inheritance in which the phenotype reflects only the
dominant allele of a heterozygous pair
In dominant-recessive inheritance, some genes are _________ and
are ____________ expressed regardless of the gene they are paired
with Ans: dominant, always
in dominant-recessive inheritance, some genes are ___________ and
will ___________ be expressed if paired with another _____________
gene Ans: recessive, only, recessive
What is incomplete dominance in genetics? Ans: A genetic
inheritance pattern in which both genes are expressed in the
phenotype
What is an example of a characteristic in which one can see
incomplete dominance at play? Ans: blood type (ex. person who is
heterozygous with the alleles for blood type A and B will express
both A and B alleles and have blood type AB)
What is polygenic inheritance? Ans: when a trait is a function of
the interaction of many genes, such as with height, intelligence,
and temperament
Most traits are a function of the interaction of many genes, known
as.... Ans: polygenic inheritance
Why do couples choose to take part in genetic counseling? Ans: to
determine the risk of their children inheriting genetic defects and
chromosomal abnormalities
In genetic counseling, the counselor will construct a family
__________ of _____________ disorders for both prospective parents.
Ans: history, heritable
In genetic counseling, if either member of the couple appears to
carry a genetic disorder, then... Ans: genetic screening blood tests
may be carried out on both parents to detect chromosomal
© 2025 All rights reserved
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abnormalities and the presence of dominant and recessive genes
for various disorders
Once prospective parents learn about the risk of conceiving a child
with a disorder, they can determine how to proceed - with either
natural conception or IVF, which allows them to... Ans: screen
gametes for the disorders of concern
What is the method of prenatal diagnosis that poses the least
amount of risk to the fetus? Ans: ultrasound
What can repair defects of the heart, lung, urinary tract, and other
areas? Ans: fetal surgery
What is the Apgar scale? Ans: a quick and easy overall assessment
of a baby's immediate health after birth
What is meant by the term "epigenetic framework"? Ans:
development results from ongoing reciprocal interaction between
genetics and environment
Genes activate what process during the embryonic period of
prenatal development? Ans: organogenesis
We are born with all of our brain cells, but as we grow older, we
form __________ between them Ans: connections
What happens in evocative gene-environment correlation? Ans:
being born with a certain genetic potential attracts experiences
and/or environments that encourage that potential
What happens in active gene-environment correlation? Ans: our
genetic potential leads us to choose environments that reinforce
our potential
an individual's collection of __________ that contain instructions
for all physical and psychological characteristics, including hair,
eye color, personality, health, and behavior is their ____________
Ans: genes, genotype
a thin-walled, fluid-filled sphere containing an inner mass of cells
from which the embryo will develop Ans: blastocyst
© 2025 All rights reserved
Human Development Exam 1 Questions with
Correct Answers Questions and Correct
Answers
What is a theory? Ans: A way of organizing a set of observations
or facts into a comprehensive explanation of how something
works
What are hypotheses? Ans: proposed explanations for a given
phenomenon
What is the nucleus and what does it contain? Ans: it is the center
of the cell; it contains chromosomes and genes
what are chromosomes? Ans: threadlike structures composed of
DNA molecules
What is a gene? Ans: a segment of DNA (spiraled double chain)
containing the hereditary code
What is mitosis? Ans: the process by which DNA replicates itself
and forms new cells with identical genetic material
What is meiosis? Ans: the process by which sex cells (gametes:
sperm and ova) reproduce
what is phenotype? Ans: traits we ultimately show influenced by
interaction of genotype and experience
what is genotype? Ans: the biological influence on all traits
What is behavioral genetics? Ans: the study of the influence of
heredity and environment on individual differences in human
traits, abilities, and behaviors
What is meant by range of reaction? Ans: genes set limits on
potential, and environment determines how much of that potential
is achieved
What is canalization? Ans: heredity narrows range of development
to only one or a few outcomes
© 2025 All rights reserved
, 2 | Page
What is meant by "gene-environment correlations"? Ans: many
traits are supported by both genes and environment
What is meant by "dominant-recessive inheritance"? Ans: A form
of genetic inheritance in which the phenotype reflects only the
dominant allele of a heterozygous pair
In dominant-recessive inheritance, some genes are _________ and
are ____________ expressed regardless of the gene they are paired
with Ans: dominant, always
in dominant-recessive inheritance, some genes are ___________ and
will ___________ be expressed if paired with another _____________
gene Ans: recessive, only, recessive
What is incomplete dominance in genetics? Ans: A genetic
inheritance pattern in which both genes are expressed in the
phenotype
What is an example of a characteristic in which one can see
incomplete dominance at play? Ans: blood type (ex. person who is
heterozygous with the alleles for blood type A and B will express
both A and B alleles and have blood type AB)
What is polygenic inheritance? Ans: when a trait is a function of
the interaction of many genes, such as with height, intelligence,
and temperament
Most traits are a function of the interaction of many genes, known
as.... Ans: polygenic inheritance
Why do couples choose to take part in genetic counseling? Ans: to
determine the risk of their children inheriting genetic defects and
chromosomal abnormalities
In genetic counseling, the counselor will construct a family
__________ of _____________ disorders for both prospective parents.
Ans: history, heritable
In genetic counseling, if either member of the couple appears to
carry a genetic disorder, then... Ans: genetic screening blood tests
may be carried out on both parents to detect chromosomal
© 2025 All rights reserved
, 3 | Page
abnormalities and the presence of dominant and recessive genes
for various disorders
Once prospective parents learn about the risk of conceiving a child
with a disorder, they can determine how to proceed - with either
natural conception or IVF, which allows them to... Ans: screen
gametes for the disorders of concern
What is the method of prenatal diagnosis that poses the least
amount of risk to the fetus? Ans: ultrasound
What can repair defects of the heart, lung, urinary tract, and other
areas? Ans: fetal surgery
What is the Apgar scale? Ans: a quick and easy overall assessment
of a baby's immediate health after birth
What is meant by the term "epigenetic framework"? Ans:
development results from ongoing reciprocal interaction between
genetics and environment
Genes activate what process during the embryonic period of
prenatal development? Ans: organogenesis
We are born with all of our brain cells, but as we grow older, we
form __________ between them Ans: connections
What happens in evocative gene-environment correlation? Ans:
being born with a certain genetic potential attracts experiences
and/or environments that encourage that potential
What happens in active gene-environment correlation? Ans: our
genetic potential leads us to choose environments that reinforce
our potential
an individual's collection of __________ that contain instructions
for all physical and psychological characteristics, including hair,
eye color, personality, health, and behavior is their ____________
Ans: genes, genotype
a thin-walled, fluid-filled sphere containing an inner mass of cells
from which the embryo will develop Ans: blastocyst
© 2025 All rights reserved
