NGWA STUDY GUIDE COMPREHENSIVE AIR ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
ROTARY DRILLING QUESTIONS & ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
ANSWERS
What precautions must be used when sand seams are encountered in air rotary drilling in
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
unconsolidated formation? - correct answer✔✔1. Reduce Air Pressure ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
2. Use of Foam or Polymers
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
3. Monitor Cuttings
||\\//|| ||\\//||
4. Casing Advancement
||\\//|| ||\\//||
5. Slow Drilling Rate
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
How are samples obtained in air rotary drilling in unconsolidated formations? - correct
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
answer✔✔Continuous Sampling of Cuttings: ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Split-Spoon Sampling ||\\//||
Drilling Fluids/Polymers ||\\//||
Hole cleaning and penetration rates will vary with air rotary. What factors affect cleaning and
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
penetration? - correct answer✔✔Air Pressure and Volume ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Formation Type ||\\//||
Bit Type and Condition
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Drilling Fluid/Injection ||\\//||
Drill Pipe Size and Depth
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Cutting Size and Volume ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Why is information concerning the geology important in proper grouting of unconsolidated
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
formations? - correct answer✔✔Permeability of the Formation ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Stability of the Formation ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
,Formation Pressure ||\\//||
Groundwater Flow ||\\//||
Formation Composition. ||\\//||
When would you gravel pack a well? - correct answer✔✔When the formation is unconsolidated,
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
to prevent sand or fine material from entering the well, and to enhance water flow by stabilizing
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
the borehole ||\\//||
What formations are best to use a soft tri-cone bit? - correct answer✔✔clay, sand, or shale.
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What functions must a drill pipe perform to drill unconsolidated formations? - correct
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
answer✔✔Transmit torque ||\\//||
circulate drilling fluid/air ||\\//|| ||\\//||
support drill string weight ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
maintain borehole integrity ||\\//|| ||\\//||
When would you use heavy drill collars? - correct answer✔✔to add weight on the bit, stabilize the
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
drill string, and prevent buckling in deep or hard formations.
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Explain how chip catchers can aid in formation logging? - correct answer✔✔help collect cuttings||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
for accurate formation logging by preventing loss of samples during drilling, ensuring
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
representative data. ||\\//||
How does bit design vary with geology? - correct answer✔✔varies by formation hardness, with
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
softer formations needing wider teeth and harder formations requiring tougher, more durable
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
materials.
Heavy steel casing would best be used in what rotary process? - correct answer✔✔best used in the
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
air rotary process for stabilizing unconsolidated or collapsing formations.
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
, What air compressor checks must be made daily? - correct answer✔✔Oil level
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
filters
belts
air pressure
||\\//||
leaks
What type of drill bit maintenance can be done in the field? - correct answer✔✔Cleaning
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
inspecting for wear ||\\//|| ||\\//||
sharpening teeth ||\\//||
replacing damaged parts ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Differential sticking of drill pipe can be prevented by what methods? - correct answer✔✔Use ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
higher mud flow ||\\//|| ||\\//||
reduce drill string contact ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
maintain proper mud weight. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What common fishing tool are used in rotary drilling? - correct answer✔✔Overshot
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
spear
fishing magnets ||\\//||
junk baskets ||\\//||
Regular maintenance of the rotary swivel consists of what? - correct answer✔✔Lubrication,
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
checking for leaks, inspecting bearings, and replacing worn seals. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What methods are used to clean the hole of cuttings in air rotary drilling in unconsolidated
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
formations? - correct answer✔✔Airflow, foam injection, and polymer use. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
ROTARY DRILLING QUESTIONS & ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
ANSWERS
What precautions must be used when sand seams are encountered in air rotary drilling in
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
unconsolidated formation? - correct answer✔✔1. Reduce Air Pressure ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
2. Use of Foam or Polymers
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
3. Monitor Cuttings
||\\//|| ||\\//||
4. Casing Advancement
||\\//|| ||\\//||
5. Slow Drilling Rate
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
How are samples obtained in air rotary drilling in unconsolidated formations? - correct
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
answer✔✔Continuous Sampling of Cuttings: ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Split-Spoon Sampling ||\\//||
Drilling Fluids/Polymers ||\\//||
Hole cleaning and penetration rates will vary with air rotary. What factors affect cleaning and
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
penetration? - correct answer✔✔Air Pressure and Volume ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Formation Type ||\\//||
Bit Type and Condition
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Drilling Fluid/Injection ||\\//||
Drill Pipe Size and Depth
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Cutting Size and Volume ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Why is information concerning the geology important in proper grouting of unconsolidated
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
formations? - correct answer✔✔Permeability of the Formation ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Stability of the Formation ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
,Formation Pressure ||\\//||
Groundwater Flow ||\\//||
Formation Composition. ||\\//||
When would you gravel pack a well? - correct answer✔✔When the formation is unconsolidated,
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
to prevent sand or fine material from entering the well, and to enhance water flow by stabilizing
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
the borehole ||\\//||
What formations are best to use a soft tri-cone bit? - correct answer✔✔clay, sand, or shale.
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What functions must a drill pipe perform to drill unconsolidated formations? - correct
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
answer✔✔Transmit torque ||\\//||
circulate drilling fluid/air ||\\//|| ||\\//||
support drill string weight ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
maintain borehole integrity ||\\//|| ||\\//||
When would you use heavy drill collars? - correct answer✔✔to add weight on the bit, stabilize the
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
drill string, and prevent buckling in deep or hard formations.
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Explain how chip catchers can aid in formation logging? - correct answer✔✔help collect cuttings||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
for accurate formation logging by preventing loss of samples during drilling, ensuring
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
representative data. ||\\//||
How does bit design vary with geology? - correct answer✔✔varies by formation hardness, with
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
softer formations needing wider teeth and harder formations requiring tougher, more durable
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
materials.
Heavy steel casing would best be used in what rotary process? - correct answer✔✔best used in the
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
air rotary process for stabilizing unconsolidated or collapsing formations.
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
, What air compressor checks must be made daily? - correct answer✔✔Oil level
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
filters
belts
air pressure
||\\//||
leaks
What type of drill bit maintenance can be done in the field? - correct answer✔✔Cleaning
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
inspecting for wear ||\\//|| ||\\//||
sharpening teeth ||\\//||
replacing damaged parts ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Differential sticking of drill pipe can be prevented by what methods? - correct answer✔✔Use ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
higher mud flow ||\\//|| ||\\//||
reduce drill string contact ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
maintain proper mud weight. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What common fishing tool are used in rotary drilling? - correct answer✔✔Overshot
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
spear
fishing magnets ||\\//||
junk baskets ||\\//||
Regular maintenance of the rotary swivel consists of what? - correct answer✔✔Lubrication,
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
checking for leaks, inspecting bearings, and replacing worn seals. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What methods are used to clean the hole of cuttings in air rotary drilling in unconsolidated
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
formations? - correct answer✔✔Airflow, foam injection, and polymer use. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
