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PSYC 230 Exam 4 (100+ Questions) – Language, Reasoning, Decision Making, Problem Solving | University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign

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This comprehensive exam resource for PSYC 230 at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign contains over 100 graded and verified multiple-choice questions and answers, specifically designed for Exam 4 (2025/2026 academic year). It thoroughly covers the cognitive psychology topics of language processing, reasoning types, decision-making heuristics, and problem-solving strategies. Each question includes the correct answer, making it an efficient tool for revision and exam preparation. Key areas in language include phonemes, morphemes, syntax, semantics, lexical decision tasks, parsing strategies (syntax-first, interactionist), and language theories by Chomsky and Skinner. It also dives into influential phenomena such as the word superiority effect, phonemic restoration, and Sapir-Whorf hypothesis. The reasoning section explores both deductive and inductive reasoning, syllogisms (categorical, conditional), belief bias, base rate neglect, and pragmatic reasoning schemas (e.g., Wason card task). Decision-making concepts include heuristics (representativeness, availability, anchoring), biases (confirmation bias, conjunction fallacy), delay discounting, and risk preferences. The document further explores problem-solving through analogical reasoning, restructuring, insight, and mental set, supported by experimental findings like the candle problem and water jug problem. It distinguishes between divergent and convergent thinking and evaluates the cognitive strategies of experts versus novices. This study guide is essential for undergraduate students in psychology, neuroscience, cognitive science, behavioral economics, education, and pre-med tracks, especially those focusing on language, logic, and cognitive processing. Keywords: language processing, phonemes, morphemes, syntax, semantics, parsing, word superiority effect, Chomsky, Skinner, Sapir-Whorf, deductive reasoning, inductive reasoning, syllogisms, belief bias, base rate, heuristics, availability heuristic, representativeness heuristic, anchoring, confirmation bias, conjunction fallacy, decision making, delay discounting, risk aversion, cognitive biases, problem solving, insight, restructuring, mental set, analogical reasoning, divergent thinking, convergent thinking

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PSYC 230: M3 Exam 2025/2026 Exam
Questions and Verified Answers |
Already Graded A+



Gabrielle is blonde, extremely attractive, and lives in an expensive condo. If

we judge the probability of Gabrielle's being a model quite high because

she resembles our stereotype of a model, we are using

_____________________




A. the representativeness heuristic.

B. the availability heuristic.

C. framing.


D. the law of small numbers. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔A

,Making probable conclusions based on evidence

involves_________________reasoning.




A. deductive

B. syllogistic

C. inductive


D. connective - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔C


The finding that people tend to incorrectly conclude that more people die

from tornados than from asthma has been explained in terms of the




A. representativeness heuristic.

B. availability heuristic.

C. falsification principle.


D. belief bias. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔B


The interactionist approach to parsing states that

,A. semantics is activated only at the end of a sentence.

B. semantics is activated as a sentence is being read.

C. the grammatical structure of a sentence determines the initial parsing.


D. semantics is only activated to clear up ambiguity. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔B


The word frequency effect refers to the fact that we respond more




A. slowly to low-frequency words than high-frequency words.

B. slowly to letters appearing in non-words than letters appearing in words.

C. quickly to letters that appear multiple times in a word than just once in a

word.

D. quickly to phonemes that appear multiple times in a word than just once

in a word. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔A


In a lexical decision task, participants have to decide whether

A. a statement is true.

B. a letter string is a word.

C. a stimulus is presented.



COPYRIGHT©PROFFKERRYMARTIN 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE.
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, D. two stimuli are associated. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔B


Discounting refers to

A. the tendency to reduce the value of a reward if there is a cost associated

with it.

B. the tendency to represent value in a propositional code.

C. the tendency for reaction times to decrease under time pressure.

D. the rate at which people reduce the value of an outcome - 🧠 ANSWER

✔✔A


In the Ultimatum Game, people usually _____ offers that are less than 20%

of the total amount of money when playing with another person.

A. accept

B. consider

C. reject

D. prefer




((Two players are given an endowments

Player 1 is the proposer - proposes a split of a certain amount of money
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